酶的

He identified the enzyme reverse transcriptase, thus providing strong evidence for a process of RNA to DNA conversion.

研究中，他证实了RNA逆转录酶的存在，为RNA逆转录DNA提供了有力证据。

The results indicate that there are chitinase-producing strains in farming water and digestion guts of the abalone.

结果表明，在鲍鱼肠道及其养殖水体中均存在有能分泌几丁质酶的微生物。

The results showed:among the 7 isolates, five isolates of HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3 had same colony shape, irregular shape, liquidlike, slimy, opacity with smooth surface;the other two isolates had same shape, irregular shape, dry, opacity with coarse surface. By inoculating eucalyptus with the 7 isolates, the plants were infected apparently, and the young plants of eucalyptus in control experiment with tap water were not infected. By cultivating eucalyptus cuttings with the bacterial suspensions without EPS, the incidence of disease was very distinct,but compared with the former bacteria suspension,the incidence of disease has decreased at different degrees. By screening out two isolates of strong pathogenicity and two isolates of weak pathogenicity from the 7 isolates,making the bacterial suspensions with them to inoculate the young plants of eucalyptus, two treatments of cutlings and ramets with rats were set with 5 repetitions in every treatment, the results of data analysis showed: for the cutlings, the bacterial contents in upper and middle parts、upper and lower had significant difference;for ramets with roots, the bacterial contents in upper, middle parts, lower had significant difference between each other; For both the cutlings and ramets with roof, the bacterial contents in xylem and phloem had significant difference. The interaction between vertical and horizontal parts for the bacterial content had significant difference. For the two isolates of HY3 and 93B which were screened out at last,their activities of the cellulase were: 1.955ug/ and 1.288ug/ respectively, and had significant difference; the activities of pectase were: 1.325 ug/and 1.24ug/ respectively, and had no significant difference. The content of EPS extracted from the two isolates of HY3 and 93B was very different: 7.08x10-8ug/cell and 5.17x10-8ug/cell.

结果显示：7个菌株中，其中5个菌株HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3的菌落形态相同：不规则形状、流体、粘性、不透明、表面光滑；另外2个菌株93B、GN1菌落形态相同：不规则形状、干燥、不透明、表面粗糙；用7个菌株接种剪根桉树苗，发病情况非常明显，而自来水对照实验中桉树苗却不发病；无EPS菌悬液培养桉树剪根苗，发病率也很明显，但是相比原菌液，则发病率有不同程度的下降；从7个菌株中间筛选出来2个强致病性菌株和2个弱致病性菌株，用它们配制菌悬液培养桉树苗，设置剪根和不剪根两个处理，每个处理设置五个重复，数据分析结果显示：对于剪根苗，上部和中部、上部和下部的含菌量有显著的差异，中部和下部含菌量差异不显著；带根苗，上部、中部、下部含菌量彼此之间差异显著；不管是剪根苗还是带根苗，木质部和韧皮部含菌量之间的差异都非常显著；上中下与木韧交互作用中，含菌量差异非常显著；最后筛选出来的强弱2个菌株HY3和93B，它们的纤维素酶活性分别为：1.955ug/和1.288ug/，具有显著的差别；果胶酶的活性分别为：1.325 ug/和1.24ug/，没有显著的差别，而且HY3和93B两个菌株细胞分泌的胞外多糖的含量差异很显著，分别为：7.08×10-8ug/cell和5.17×10-8ug/cell。

These studies indicate the rationality of our molecular design based on the crystal structure of KARI complex. To obtain more KARI inhibitors with high activities, the molecular docking and 3D-QSAR methods were applied to our further studying of these amidine compounds. Two methods AutoDock3. 0.3 and DOCK4. 0 were used in molecular docking, and the calculate results accord with that of herbicidal tests in general. The CoMFA model from 3D-QSAR analysis provided useful guidance for designing highly active compounds prior to their synthesis.

这些分子作为潜在的KARI抑制剂为基于KARI的农药分子设计提供了有利指导；对部分小分子进行了合成，在除草活性初筛的近三十个化合物中，个别化合物表现出较好的除草活性，其中一个化合物wb1596对油菜和稗草具有较高的生长抑制率，并通过E.coli KARI酶活性抑制试验验证了其KARI酶的作用靶标，此化合物可以作为KARI一个有苗头的抑制剂为后续工作奠定了基础；对发现的有苗头的KARI抑制剂进行了结构修饰和优化，合成了一系列脒类化合物并确证了它们的结构，改造后的化合物与原抑制剂相比大多除草活性相当或更佳，从而表明我们基于靶标结构的分子设计的合理可靠性；对所合成一系列脒类化合物进行了分子对接和三维定量构效关系研究。

A new picorna-like virus was isolated from dead Evtropis oblique larvae deceased from NPV infection. Electron microscopic observations of purified virions were non-enveloped isometric particles with diameter of 26nm. The virions contain two capsid proteins: 31.5kDa and 28.8kDa, the amount of later is 2.5 times more than that of the former. Analysis of 3′terminal sequence of EoPV clone identified that it can encode RdRp and has eight conserved motifs. Homology analysis shows that it is closely related to Perina nuda picorna-like virus.

从核型多角体病毒感染致死的茶尺蠖幼虫尸体中分离到一株微小RNA病毒透射电镜观察纯化的病毒粒子为无囊膜、无表面特征、直径约26nm的球状颗粒。16%的SDS-PAGE显示它有两个分子量为31.5 kDa和28.8 kDa的衣壳蛋白，后者的含量是前者的2.5倍。3′端克隆序列分析表明EoPV基因组3′有poly尾，编码RNA聚合酶，含有微小RNA病毒RNA聚合酶的八个保守基序，同源性分析表明它与榕透翅毒蛾微小RNA病毒亲缘关系最近。

Sequence analysis and homology alignment showed that MD1 had 93% similarity with matK in maize chloroplast genome, a gene encoding maturase included in type Ⅱ intron splicing of RNA transcript; MD2 had 99% similarity with gene PP2C, encoding serine / threonine protein phosphatase type 2C in extremely drought tolerant Sporobolus stapfianus; and MD3 had 99% similarity with rice gene encoding metacaspase, belonging to aspartic acid specific cysteine caspases.

序列分析和同源性比对表明，MD1与玉米叶绿体基因组中编码参与RNA转录本Ⅱ型内含子剪切的成熟酶的matK基因有93%的相似性，MD2与极端耐旱的Sporobolus stapfianus的丝氨酸／苏氨酸2C型蛋白磷酸酶基因PP2C的相似性达99%，MD3与属天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶类的水稻metacaspase基因有99%的相似性。

Itamin D from the skin and diet is metabolized in the lier to 25-hydroxyitamin D (Figure 1), which is used to determine a patient's itamin D status1,2,3,4; 25-hydroxyitamin D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to its actie form, 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D.1,2,3,4 The renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D is tightly regulated by plasma parathyroid hormone leels and serum calcium and phosphorus leels.1,2,3,4 Fibroblast growth factor 23, secreted from the bone, causes the sodium–phosphate cotransporter to be internalized by the cells of the kidney and small intestine and also suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D synthesis.5 The efficiency of the absorption of renal calcium and of intestinal calcium and phosphorus is increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D (Figure 1).2,3,6 It also induces the expression of the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24), which catabolizes both 25-hydroxyitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D into biologically inactie, water-soluble calcitroic acid.2,3,4

从皮肤和食物来的维生素D在肝中代谢为25-羟基维生素D（图1），被用来决定病人体内维生素D情况的1，2，3，4；25-羟基维生素D在肾中被25-羟基维生素D1羟化酶（CYP27B1）转变为有活性的1，25-二羟基维生素D 。1，2，3，4由肾产生1，25-二羟基维生素D是被血浆甲状旁腺激素和血清钙，磷水平紧密调节。1，2，3，4由骨分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子23使钠磷协同转运蛋白被肾和小肠细胞内化及抑制1，25-二羟维生素D合成。5 在1，25-二羟基维生素D作用下肾和小肠吸收钙及磷的效率增高(图1)。2，3，6 它也包括25-羟四- 24 -羟化酶的表达(CYP24)，且将1，25二羟基维生素D和25羟基维生素D异化成无生物活性，水溶性的维生素D3-23羧酸。2，3，4

The types,structures of substrates and reaction mediums for the enzymatic synthetic polyphenol resin was surveyed and the manufacturing method,product structure and their performances of the polyphonel resin and aldehyde resin were compared.

概述了酶催化合成聚酚树脂用酶的种类、底物的结构、反应介质；比较了该树脂和传统酚醛树脂的生产、结构及性能特点；指出了其不仅具有良好的耐热性能，可作传统酚醛树脂的替代品，而且具有导电、发光等功能，在光电材料方面显示了极强的应用潜力，但降低HRP催化合成聚酚树脂的成本是其实现工业化亟待解决的问题。

Biological activities of SPThe inhibitory effect of SP on oxidation of lipids and the acitivity of lipoxygenase, the scavenging or quenching effect of SP on free radicals, and the influences of SP on the malonaldehyde content in mice liver juice, liver mitochondria and liver red blood cell were studied. The results showed that SP can inhibit the auto-oxidation of lard and soybean oil at 60 and can inhibit the activity of lipoxygenase significantly; SP also had scavenging effect on hydroxylradicals generated by Fenton system with IC50 value 6.220 mg/ml, under the concentration range of 1 mg/ml-50mg/ml, the scavenging rate of SP to -OH increased strongly when the concentration of SP increased, the maximum scavenging rate was 85.4%.

大豆多肽的生物活性研究研究了大豆多肽抗油脂氧化、抑制脂肪氧合酶及清除自由基的作用，以及对小鼠肝组织匀浆、肝线粒体和红细胞丙二醛含量的影响，结果显示：在60℃时，大豆多肽对猪油与豆油的自动氧化均有一定的抑制作用：对脂肪氧合酶的抑制作用显著：对Fenton体系产生的羟基自由基具有明显的清除作用，其IC_(50)值为6.220mg／ml。

Using a long-term reared housefly population which is very susceptible to pyrethroid insecticides as the susceptible strain, a population collected in 1993 in Shanghai and has been treaded by cyhalothrin as the resistant strain, we bioassayed their susceptibility to organophosphorus, carbamate, pyrethroid and organehloride insecticides. We also investigated the role of metabolic enzymes, i. e. esterase, GST, MFO and of target enzymes, i. e. AChE and 〓-ATPase in resistance to insecticides. Cyhalothrin resistance inheritance, the co-toxicity coefficient of cyhalothrin and methylene dithiocyanate was also studied. The insecticides resistance in adults and larvae of houseflies was compared and the mechanism of resistance differences between adults and larvae was discussed.

本文以采自野外并经过室内多代筛选的三氟氯氰菊酯抗性家蝇品系和室内多年饲养的敏感家蝇品系为试虫，测定了抗性家蝇品系和敏感家蝇品系对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂三氟氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、有机磷杀虫剂DDVP、氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂残杀威、有机氧杀虫剂DDT的抗性水平，并通过活体增效剂实验和离体生化实验研究了抗性品系的解毒酶和靶标酶的变化，本文还研究了三氟氯氰菊酯和增效剂I对抗性家蝇的增效作用及增效机理、家蝇幼虫和成虫对杀虫剂的抗性差异及其抗性差异的机理。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。