酰胺化

For the advantages of mild reaction conditions,DDC condensation method and acyl chloride esterification method are much more popular.

由于具有反应条件温和的优点，二环己基碳二亚胺脱水缩合法和酰氯酯化法是目前国内外最常用的两种方法。

The present invention relates to a process for rapid solution synthesis of a peptide, the process comprising repetitive cycles of steps-: a coupling step, using an excess of an activated carboxylic component to acylate an amino component, a quenching step in which a scavenger is used to remove residual activated carboxylic functions, wherein the scavenger may also be used for deprotection of the growing peptide, one or more aqueous extractions and optionally, a separate deprotection step, followed by one or more aqueous extractions, characterised in that the process comprises at least one step, referred to as step, in which an amine or a thiol comprising a free anion or a latent anion is used as a scavenger of residual activated carboxylic functions.

本发明涉及快速溶液合成肽的方法，该方法包括步骤-的重复循环：偶联步骤，使用过量的活化羧基成分酰化氨基成分，淬灭步骤，在该步骤中使用清除剂除去残余的活化羧基官能团，其中该清除剂还可以用于使生长中的肽去保护，一或多个水抽提和任选地，独立的去保护步骤，之后进行一或多次水抽提，其特征在于该方法包括至少一个步骤，称作步骤，在该步骤中包含自由阴离子或潜阴离子的胺或硫醇用作残余活化羧基官能团的清除剂。

The originalprocedure has subsequently been replaced by milder and more environmentallyfriendly conditions. We tried to alkylate 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene by2-allylphenylbenzyl ether in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide.

本实验是在溴代琥珀酰亚胺的作用下使2-烯丙基苯基苄基醚产生苄正离子，苄正离子亲电进攻3，4，5-三甲氧基甲苯从而进行傅氏烷基化反应的。

The results indicate that the optimized sulfonylation reaction time is 4 h, the materiel rate of chlorosulfonic acid and 2-chloroimidazo[1,2-α]pyridine is 1.2 : 1, with ethylamine the yield increasing from 15.4% to above 70%; the optimized ammonolysis reaction time is 3 h and the reaction temperature is 27℃, with the acetonitrile yield increasing from 60.1% to above 79.6%.

实验结果表明，磺酰化反应的最佳反应时间为4 h，氯磺酸与2-氯咪唑并[1，-α]吡啶的用量比为1.2：1，加入三乙胺可将收率由15.4%提高到70%以上；氨解反应的最佳反应时间为3 h，反应温度为27 ℃，加入乙腈可将收率由60.1%提高到79.6%；方案经改进后，总反应时间缩短3 h，收率提高了5.5%。

The composite catalyzercan effectively catalyze cyclize reaction on the sysnthesis of N-phenyl maleimide.

合成N-苯基马来酰亚胺的最佳工艺条件为；原料摩尔配比为1；1.2；溶剂为20；1；初期反应温度为40～50℃，环化反应温度为135℃；环化时间为2h。

Four new salicylaldehyde derivatives with a glucose or mannose moiety were synthesized with 2-tert-butylphenol or 4-tert-butylphenol as the starting material, followed by the formylation, chloromethylation, nucleophilic substitution reaction with the desired carbohydrate. The salicylaldehyde derivatives condensed with ethylenediamine to give the Schiff bases, which coordinated with Mn to afford four novel sugar-based Salen Mn complexes.

首先，分别以2-叔丁基苯酚和4-叔丁基苯酚为起始原料，经过甲酰化反应、氯甲基化反应、和糖类衍生物的亲核取代反应制得了四种新型并入葡萄糖基或甘露糖基的水杨醛衍生物，将它们与乙二胺缩合生成希夫碱配体，得到的配体与过渡金属Mn~(3+)配位制备出四种新型含糖基的Salen Mn配合物。

The PEI grafted on the surface of nylon was modified by the alkyl halide such as bromohexane and iodomethane,to give high-molecular-weight antimicrobial quaternary ammonium salts.

尼龙6用4-溴丁酰氯活化，再与高分子聚乙烯亚胺在有机溶剂中进行反应，使PEI共价接枝在载体上，然后用卤代烷对接枝在尼龙6上的PEI进行烷基化反应，使其形成具有杀菌功能的高分子季铵盐，制备出尼龙树脂固定化的高分子抗菌杀生剂。

The nylon was activated with organic functional groups,and after that reacted with high-molecular-weight polyethyleniminein the organic soleent. PEI was grafted covalently on the surface of nylon. The PEI grafted on the surface of nylon was modified by the alkyl halide such as bromohexane and iodomethane,to give high-molecular-weight antimicrobial quaternary ammonium salts.

摘 要：尼龙6用4-溴丁酰氯活化，再与高分子聚乙烯亚胺在有机溶剂中进行反应，使PEI共价接枝在载体上，然后用卤代烷对接枝在尼龙6上的PEI进行烷基化反应，使其形成具有杀菌功能的高分子季铵盐，制备出尼龙树脂固定化的高分子抗菌杀生剂。

With the in-situ single-stage self-metallization protocol,surface-silvered polyimide film has been prepared using pyromellitic dianhydride/ 4,4\'-oxydianiline-based polyimide as the matrix and (1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentadionato)silveras the silver precursor.

在原位一步自金属化法中，以均苯四甲酸酐/4，4\'-二胺基二苯醚基聚酰亚胺为基体，以三氟乙酰丙酮银作为银的母体制备出了表面金属化的聚酰亚胺银复合薄膜。

The first step was to synthesize imidazoline. The mole ratio of oleic acid and diethylene triamine was 1:1.2, the xylene was 30%. Temperature was controlled in about 160 ℃ on this stage, timing for acylation reaction was about 1.5 hours.

第一步咪唑啉的合成：油酸和二乙烯三胺摩尔比为1：1.2，以二甲苯为携水剂，反应温度控制在160℃酰化反应1.5小时，然后升温至220℃环化反应，反应时间6.5小时。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。