酰胺化

The effects of the immobilization conditions, the structure of spherule, the mechanical strength, elasticity, stability, and the activity of the bacterial enzyme were investigated, analyzed and determined the immobilization conditions.

探讨了固定化条件对固定化小球结构、机械强度、弹性、稳定性和培养后菌体的谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性情况的影响，分析确定最佳的固定化条件。

The distributions of aminoacylase and alkaline phosphatase had been studied in the common seaweeds in Dalian area, and the Ulva pertusa Kjellm had been chosen as the target for isolation and purification. These two enzymes had been purified for a single band in the SDS-PAGE and their basic characteristics had been studied, too.

研究了氨基酰化酶和碱性磷酸酶在大连地区常见海藻中的分布状况，从中筛选出孔石莼作为纯化研究对象，并从孔石莼中分离纯化出了这两种酶，纯度达到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳一条带。

Acridone 1 reacted with benzyl chlorides 2 in NaH/DMF/KI to give 10-benzyl-9-acridones 3 in high yields. Subsequent reduction of 3 with NaBH4 gave 10-benzy1-9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives 4 with yields of 88%～96%.

吖啶酮1与氯化苄及其衍生物2在氢化钠/N，N-二甲基甲酰胺/碘化钾中反应高产率生成10-苄基吖啶酮类化合物3； 3经硼氢化钠氢化还原生成10-苄基-9，10-二氢吖啶类化合物4，产率88%～96%。

A series of 2-acetylformanilides were prepared,followed by thiolation with Lowesson reagent to afford 2-acetylthioformanilides,which further reacted with Mn3·2H2O in glacial acetic acid under microwave irradiation to afford 2-acetyl benzothiazole s.

合成了一系列的硫代酰胺，研究了它们在微波辐射醋酸锰作用下发生氧化自由基环化反应，成功地合成了一系列2-乙酰基苯并噻唑衍生物，其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱和质谱得到了证实

The synthesis of l-(4-acetylaminophenyl)-2-bromo-1-propanone was discussed, and the mechanism and possible factors were analyzed. Hence the routine was determined, in which l-(4-acetylaminophenyl)- 1-propanone was reacted with Bromine dissolved in ethanol, so that the a -bromination can be carried on, resulted in the yield of up to 70.4%.

探讨了1-(4-乙酰胺基苯基)-2-溴代-1-丙酮的合成方法，分析了反应机理和影响因素，确定将1-(4-乙酰氨基苯基)-1-丙酮溶解在乙醇中以溴的乙醇溶液进行α-溴化的合成路线，产率可达70.4％。

Penicillin V acylase from the crude culture filtrate of Fusarium oxysporum FP 941 was purified with a single band on non-denaturing electrophoresis by means of (NH4)2SO4 fractional precipitation, adsorption on, and elution from, celite, ion-exchange column chromatography with DEAE-cellulose, and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration chromatography.

通过硫酸铵沉淀、硅藻土吸附、DEAD-纤维素离子交换层析和Sephadex G-200凝胶过滤，由尖镰孢FP941培养滤液中得到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳均一的青霉素V酰化酶。

This dissertation is mainly focused on the reactivity of methylenecyclopropanes and comprises six parts. 1 The reactions of methylenecyclopropanes with phenylsulfenyl chloride, phenylselenyl chloride and diphenyl diselenide; 2 The coupling reactions of the ring-opening products derivated from methylenecyclopropanes; 3 The palladium-catalyzed ring-enlargement of mono-aryl group substituted methylenecyclopropanes to cyclobutenes. 4 The gold-catalyzed domino ring-opening and ring-closing hydroamination of methylenecyclopropanes with sulfonamides; 5 The Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions of mono-aryl group substituted methylenecyclopropanes with diethyl ketomalonate in the presence of water; 6 The iodobenzene diacetate mediated novel 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of methylenecyclopropanes, vinylidenecyclopropanes, and methylenecyclobutane with phthalhydrazine.

本论文主要研究了亚甲基环丙烷类化合物的一些化学反应性能，共由以下六部分组成：1、亚甲基环丙烷类化合物与苯硫氯、苯硒氯及二苯基二硒的反应；2、亚甲基环丙烷类化合物开环产物的偶联反应；3、单芳基取代的亚甲基环丙烷类化合物在钯催化剂作用下的扩环反应；4、金化合物催化磺酰胺对亚甲基环丙烷类化合物的串联开环关环氨氢化反应；5、路易斯酸催化亚甲基环丙烷类化合物与丙酮二羧酸二乙酯在有水存在下的反应；6、醋酸碘苯促进的亚甲基环丙烷类化合物、亚乙烯基环丙烷类化合物及亚甲基环丁烷类化合物与邻苯二甲酰肼的新型1，3-偶极环加成反应。

Subsequently,enol methylation of P in basic condition completed the synthesis of malyngamide O.Applied this route to the synthesis of malyngamides Q and R,the chiral unsaturated acid was connected with the vinyl chloride part by amidation,then the resulting product was converted into the corresponding aldehyde,followed by aldol condensation of the aldehyde with the chlorotitanium enolate of pyrrolidone to complete the skeleton of malyngamides Q and R,then the synthesis of them was completed via enol methylation in acid condition.

该合成路线拓展应用到malyngamides Q和R的合成时，首先用酰胺键将手性不饱和脂肪酸和烯氯片段连接，再转化成相应的醛，与乙酰基吡咯酮进行TiCl_4催化的aldol反应即得到malyngamides Q和R的骨架结构，再经过酸催化的烯醇甲基化反应完成了Q和R的全合成。

The essence of deacetylation reaction of chitin was the hydrolysis of N-alkyl ethanamide.

甲壳质脱乙酰化反应其本质是N-烷基乙酰胺的水解。

The stable or unstable state of the montmorillonite-water dispersion is mainly effected by the properties of montmorillonite, water, and stabilizers as well as their interactions, while the type, the structure, the properties and the concentration of the stabilizer play dominate roles. Based on the molecular designing clues, this research selected three sulfonated copolymers as the stabilizers, i.e. the sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1propane sulfonate /acrylamide /disodium itaconate terpolymer, the AMPS/AM/N-vinyl pyrrolidone terpolymer and the sodium styrenesulfonate /IA copolymer. The preparation and characterization of the sulfonated copolymers were discussed, the high-temperature stability of the montmorillonitewater dispersion was characterized with the rheology, the filtration, the particle size distribution, the electrostatic properties, and the adorption of the sulfonated copolymers onto montmorillonite particles. At the same time, a systematic mechanism of the hightemperature stabilization of the dispersion was presented.

本文构筑了分子设计的思路，选取AMPS(2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠)/AM/IA三元共聚物、AMPS/AM/NVP三元共聚物和SSA/IA二元共聚物等三种磺化共聚物作为蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定剂，进行了磺化共聚物稳定剂的制备与表征；从流变学、滤失性能、粒度分布、电性质以及磺化共聚物在蒙脱土上的吸附作用等方面，对蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性进行了研究，考察了蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性能，同时提出了高温稳定机理。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。