酰化

During the study, we improved the condensation condition of the carboxylic acid and the amine, which increased the overall yield by 9 times.

我们从哌嗪出发经取代、还原、烷基化、酰化、还原和磺酰化，共经十三步反应完成地拉韦定的全合成。

The analysis of 1H NMR showed that the succinyl group was successfully conjugated to the amino group of chitosan molecule, and the degree of substitution of Suc-Chi values increased with increasing succinic anhydride/amino mole ratio or reducing the molecular weight of chitosan.

利用壳聚糖和琥珀酰酐反应合成了N-琥珀酰壳聚糖，1H NMR分析表明通过反应可在壳聚糖的侧氨基引入亲水性的羧基，增加琥珀酰酐／氨基的摩尔投料比或者选择分子质量较小的壳聚糖，有利于提高N-琥珀酰壳聚糖的琥珀酰化度。

HCo 〓-catalyzed hydroformylation and isomerization of allene and propyne Allene hydroformylation favors the linear anti-Markovnikov product in high regioselectivity both kinetically and thermodynamically. The origin of this regioselectivity comes from the enhanced stability of the η〓-allylic intermediate (η〓-CH〓CHCH〓 Co 〓.

HCo〓催化的丙二烯和丙炔氢甲酰化反应及异构化反应 HCo〓催化丙二烯氢甲酰化反应的区域选择性主要由不可逆的丙二烯插入步骤决定，动力学和热力学因素都有利于形成anti-Markovnikov中间物种(η〓-CH〓CHCH〓)Co〓，形成Markovnikov中间物种Co〓是不具有竞争性的。

In the fifth chapter, a series of betulin derivatives including 28-acetoxybetulin, 28-tritylbetulin, 28-benzoylbetulin, 3-0-P-D-glucopyranoside of betulin and some betulinic acid conjugate containing amino acid were synthesized and confirmed by MS and NMR.

第五章分别合成得到了乙酰化白桦酯醇、28-苯甲酰化白桦酯醇、28-三苯甲基化白桦酯醇、3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of betulin和一系列的白桦酯酸苷氨酸的衍生物，并分别对其进行了结构鉴定。

In the fifth chapter, a series of betulin derivatives including 28-acetoxybetulin, 28-tritylbetulin, 28-benzoylbetulin, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of betulin and some betulinic acid conjugate containing amino acid were synthesized and confirmed by MS and NMR.

第五章分别合成得到了乙酰化白桦酯醇、28-苯甲酰化白桦酯醇、28-三苯甲基化白桦酯醇、3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of betulin和一系列的白桦酯酸苷氨酸的衍生物，并分别对其进行了结构鉴定。

There are two synthetic methods for the two carboxylates starting from pyrrole,(1) the carbonylation of pyrrole using trichloroacetyl chloride and then the esterification reaction in methanol, or 2-MPC can be directly synthesized from pyrrole and methyl chloroformate,(2) the insertation of CO2 to pyrrole for the corresponding 1-pyrrole carboxylic acid or 2-pyrrole carboxylic acid and then the esterification reaction in methanol.

两种吡咯甲酸甲酯的合成从吡咯为起始原料有两种方法：（1）使用酰氯将吡咯酰化，然后与甲醇完成酯化反应，或者吡咯与氯甲酸甲酯直接合成吡咯甲酸甲酯；（2）先将吡咯通过CO2插入反应得到1-吡咯甲酸或2-吡咯甲酸，然后与甲醇反应完成酯化。

NOBS PAG , can obviously activate hydrogen peroxide thus , the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide bleaching can be advanced greatly .

研究结果初步表明，此类有机酰化剂类如：四乙酰乙二胺，四乙酰甘脲，异壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠，五乙酰葡萄糖等有着非常明显的活化过氧化氢的作用，从而能在很大程度上提高纸浆过氧化氢漂白的效率。

Synthesizc 2-methyl-5-acetamino benzene sulfochloride using p-toluidine primer reactant by aceylation and chlorosulfonation.

以对甲基苯胺为起始原料，通过乙酰化和氯磺化反应合成2-甲基－5-乙酰氨基苯磺酰氯。

Bezaldehyde was used as protective agent in first method.S-Epichloeohydrin was aminated and acidulated to give(2S)-1-Amino-3-chloro-propanol Salts.The acetylation of (2S)-1-Amino-3-chloro-propanol by acetic anhydride produced the intermediate-N-[2--3-chloropropyl]acetamide.And then at 20℃,in the presence of lithium tert-butoxide,benzyl 3-fluoro-4-morpholinophenyl carbamate react with-N-[2--3-chloropropyl]acetamide to give linezolid in total yield of 43.6%.

路线一采用苯甲醛作保护剂，使S-环氧氯丙烷氨解、酸化生成S-1-氨基-3-氯-2-丙醇盐酸盐，然后经乙酰化反应后，生成中间体-N-[2-乙酰氧基-3-氯丙基]乙酰胺，再用N-(3-氟-4-吗啉苯基)氨基甲酸苄酯和中间体在催化剂叔丁醇锂存在下25℃反应生成利奈唑酮，总产率达到43.6%。

Piperidinecarboxylic acid is used as the raw material and acetic acid as the acylating agent, followed by the addition of some acetic anhydride in the later stage to get an important organic intermediate n-acetylpiperidine-4 carboxylic acid in the yield of 92%. Toluene is used as the solvent instead of sulfinyl chloride in the acyl chlorination to produce n-acetylpiperidine-4-carbonyl chloride with the yield of 97%.

以4-哌啶甲酸为原料、醋酸为酰化剂，后期加入少量醋酸酐反应得到中间体N-乙酰基哌啶－4-甲酸，收率92%；在甲苯溶剂中进行酰氯化得目标产物N-乙酰基哌啶－4-甲酰氯，收率97%。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。