酯酶

In summary, our results indicate that hypohidrosis is a frequent adverse effect in children with topiramate therapy. Younger age and hot weather rather than drug dosage are independent risk factors for topiramate-associated hypohidrosis. The resultes also rule out the possibility that topiramate act on its known mechanisms of action, such as potentiating GABA activity at GABAA receptors and antagonizing the AMPA/KA subtype of glutamate receptor in the secretory cells of sweat glands to inhibit sweat secretion. Our data also suggest that topiramate impairs sudomotor function in mice and leads to a significant reduction in AQP5 expression in sweat glands of anhidrotic mice, thus raising the possibility that dysregulation of AQP5 may contribute to topiramate related hypohidrosis. CA inhibition may not be an important contributor since CA II expression and CA activity was intact in anhidrotic mice treated with topiramate.

综合全部实验结果，本研究提示：夏季和低龄是托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的主要危险因素，而托吡酯剂量对泌汗功能的影响较小；托吡酯可以抑制小鼠汗液的分泌，小鼠的年龄并不影响这种抑制作用，但托吡酯对小鼠体温无明显影响；托吡酯并不是通过对GABAA受体及AMPA和KA两种谷氨酸受体亚型的作用而在汗腺分泌细胞抑制泌汗；托吡酯不影响汗腺形态及Na，K-ATP酶活性；汗腺分泌细胞的AQP5功能失调可能与托吡酯引起的泌汗障碍密切相关，而碳酸酐酶抑制作用并不是泌汗功能损害的主要原因。

In summary, our results indicate that hypohidrosis is a frequent adverse effect in children with topiramate therapy. Younger age and hot weather rather than drug dosage are independent risk factors for topiramate-associated hypohidrosis. The resultes also rule out the possibility that topiramate act on its known mechanisms of action, such as potentiating GABA activity at GABAA receptors and antagonizing the AMPA/KA subtype of glutamate receptor in the secretory cells of sweat glands to inhibit sweat secretion. Our data also suggest that topiramate impairs sudomotor function in mice and leads to a significant reduction in AQP5 expression in sweat glands of anhidrotic mice, thus raising the possibility that dysregulation of AQP5 may contribute to topiramate related hypohidrosis.

综合全部实验结果，本研究提示：夏季和低龄是托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的主要危险因素，而托吡酯剂量对泌汗(来源：A44B8787C论文网www.abclunwen.com)功能的影响较小；托吡酯可以抑制小鼠汗液的分泌，小鼠的年龄并不影响这种抑制作用，但托吡酯对小鼠体温无明显影响；托吡酯并不是通过对GABAA受体及AMPA和KA两种谷氨酸受体亚型的作用而在汗腺分泌细胞抑制泌汗；托吡酯不影响汗腺形态及Na，K-ATP酶活性；汗腺分泌细胞的AQP5功能失调可能与托吡酯引起的泌汗障碍密切相关，而碳酸酐酶抑制作用并不是泌汗功能损害的主要原因。

The results showed that temperature rise would inhibit their esterification capacity, ethyl caproate-producing capability of raw zymin of 1# high-temperature monascus improved with the prolong of the esterification time when ethanol concentration was 4 %vol and caproic acid content was 4 mL, and when ethanol concentration and caproic acid content was within proper range, caproic acid content had more effects on the formation of ethyl caproate by raw zymin than ethanol concentration.

结果表明，温度相对升高对其酯化力的形成有一定的抑制作用；高温型红曲1#酯化菌株粗酶制剂的酯化力在乙醇浓度为4 %vol、己酸含量为4 mL时，产生己酸乙酯的能力随酯化时间的延长而增强；在适宜的乙醇浓度和己酸含量范围内，己酸含量对酯化酶粗酶制剂己酸乙酯生成影响比乙醇含量的影响大。

On the base of the constructing phylogenetic tree using PAUP 4.0, MP and NJ (neighbor-joining) trees of diverse pectate and pectin lyases showed that pectate lyases from plant, pectin lyases from fungi and pectate lyases from bateria belong to different groups, respectively. The pectate lyase A of Aspergillus nidulans is more closely related to plant pectate lyases than to pectin lyase from fungi and pectate lyases from bacteria. The pectin lyase from Pseudomonas syringae is more closely related to fungi pectin lyases than other lyases.

构建的MP树和NJ树(neighbor-joining)显示：来自植物的果胶酸裂解酶、真菌的果胶酸酯裂解酶、细菌的果胶酸裂解酶分别可聚为一个独立的类群；相对于细菌果胶酸裂解酶和真菌果胶酸酯裂解酶而言，构巢曲霉的果胶酸裂解酶A和植物的果胶酸裂解酶之间有较近的亲缘关系；细菌Pseudomonas syringae的果胶酸酯裂解酶和真菌的果胶酸酯裂解酶之间的亲缘关系较近。

Compared the activities of 5 sorts of lipases from different source in synthesis of fatty acid esters and hydrolysis of olive oil, 3 sorts of lipases are better. Compared the stability and the activities of 3 sorts of Upases in different media, organic solvents and CAL lipase are best.

通过对不同来源的5种脂肪酶分解橄榄油和合成脂肪酸酯的比较，选出了合成脂肪酸酯活力较高的3种脂肪酶，通过比较不同介质中这3种脂肪酶的合成活力后，得出这三种酶在有机相中活力最高，从操作稳定性角度出发，选出催化酯合成效果最好的脂肪酶CAL。

Novozym 435 was used for the synthesis of vitamin A plamitate. The influences of solvent, the molar ratio of substrates, the reaction temperature and time, and the water concentration were optimized and the best result was obtained by interesterification from 0.200 g vitamin A acetate and 0.468 g palmitic acid, at 30℃, in 10 mL hexane, containing 0% of water, with 10% of lipase(mass ratio, immobilized lipase to vitamin A plamitate). In these conditions, 75% of vitamin A acetate was converted into vitamin A plamitate. The immobilized lipase was reused about 6 batches.

对催化合成维生素A棕榈酸酯反应的脂肪酶和反应介质比较，同时对影响合成维生素A棕榈酸酯反应的因素（温度、初始水含量、底物摩尔比、反应时间和酶量等）进行了探讨，优化了反应条件：在10 mL不含水分的正己烷中，0.200 g 维生素A醋酸酯和0.468 g棕榈酸在酶量为10％（指固定化酶与维生素A醋酸酯的质量比）的固定化脂肪酶催化下，在 30℃、190 r/min下反应6 h，转化率可以达到75%，固定化酶可连续使用6次以上。

The method of freeze-drying to producing plant-esterase was studied.

本文探讨了冷冻干燥制备植物酯酶干粉的方法，对冷冻干燥中装液厚度、干燥时间和保护剂选择等参数进行了实验研究。

Objective To study the role of carboxylesterase in the development of organophosphate resistance and the activity variance of carboxylesterase in different strains of German cockroach.

目的 研究羧酸酯酶在不同品系德国小蠊中的活性以及其在有机磷杀虫剂抗性形成中的作用。

The enhancement of detoxification activity was one of resistance mechanism to organophosphate in German cockroach.

羧酸酯酶解毒代谢活性的增加是德国小蠊对有机磷杀虫剂产生抗性的机制之一。

Objective To preliminarily identify biochemical mechanism of insecticide resistance by comparing the activities of CarE in susceptible and 9 field resistant populations of German cockroach, Blattellagermanica in Beijing.

目的研究德国小蠊敏感品系和抗性品系羧酸酯酶生化性质上的差异，旨在从生化水平上确定CarE在德国小蠊抗性中的作用，初步揭示德国小蠊抗性机制。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。