酯化了的

The cold-shock treatment with ozonated water (ozone concentration 2 mg/L, dipping 5 min in the 1 ± 1 ℃cold water) reduced quantities of bacteria and funguses of winter-jujube, and decreased the rate of loss weight, and extended shelf-life of the fruit. By the ultrastructures of winter-jujube pericarp, cold-shock treatment with ozonated water could clean out the waxiness of crackle and lenticel, which is helpful for exchange of fruit internal CO2 and air, and inhibit accumulating of ethanol concentration.

臭氧水冷激处理(臭氧浓度为2mg/L，浸泡时间5min，水温1±1℃)可以明显降低冬枣表面细菌和真菌的数量，减少失重率，延缓冬枣硬度的下降，提高冬枣的货架期；从微观结构观察发现，臭氧水冷激处理可以清洗冬枣表皮裂缝和皮孔的蜡质，有助于枣果内部CO_2气体的排逸，从而延缓了冬枣的酒化；此外，冷激处理可以明显降低冬枣表面残留的农药：如马拉硫磷、氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯农药的含量，提高枣果的食用安全性。

The preparation process of self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block includes the following steps: 1 the first reaction of polyacid anhydride in functionality not lower than 2, silicon oil with 2 or more amino or imino groups and polyamine with 2 or more amino groups, and the second reaction with one or several kinds of added isocyanate with 2 or more isocyanate radicals to produce sol of polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; 2 solidifying the sol to obtain solid polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; and 3 imidonating the solid to obtain self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block.

本发明公开了一种有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)有机溶剂中具有大于或者等于2的酸酐官能团度的多酸酐与具有大于或者等于2的胺基或亚胺基的硅油以及具有大于或者等于2的胺基的多胺反应，随后添加一种或多种具有含有等于或者大于2个异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯反应，生成含有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸的溶胶。(2)溶胶固化制成有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸固体。(3)固体亚胺化，即得有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺。

Second, aminolysis of polystyrene and poly prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was investigated. The product of the former contains predominantly double molecular weight species by the formation of disulfide bond, whereas the latter formed coupled species which consequently cleaved to unimolecular weight species.

由RAFT聚合的机理可知，聚合最终得到的聚合物的结构包含双硫酯基团，它是聚合物链保持活性特征的重要体现，同时它为聚合物的端基官能化提供了一个重要的途径，其中氨解反应是一个被人们广泛采用的方法，它在很温和的条件下将端基去掉，同时还能将双硫酯端基变成硫醇端基。

It is found that use of capsulated red phosphorus or red phosphorus mixed with some titanate coupling agent can increase the blending of red phosphorus with PE and thus improve the quality and processing properties of products.

结果可见用微胶囊化红磷或用钛酸酯偶联剂处理的红磷可以改善红磷与树脂的相溶性。另外，钛酸酯偶联剂的加入还改善了树脂的加工性能与产品特性。

A diverse range of effects:on protein solubility and secretion was observed,and these effects were highly dependent on the particular chaperone.In the host strain over-expressing chaperone SecB harboroing pSecB,the amount of total periplasmic proteins was increased by about 71％and the activities of alkaline phosphatseand GL-7-ACA acylase(GL7A)were increased by about 54％and l.5-fold respectively.In the host strain over-expressing chaperone GroEL bearing pGroEL,the amount of total periplasmic proteins was increased by 52％,and the activity of penicillin G acylasewas in creased by about 76％;about 90％of Hexameric Calcitonin(Cal6)inclusion body and l5％of MS2interleukin3(MS2-HIL3)inclusion body became soluble respectively.All the data were compared with the parental strains un-bearing plasmdis pSecB or pGroEL.

在过量表达SecB的宿主菌中，周质空间分泌蛋白总量较对照组提高了约71％，GL-7-ACA酰化酶在周质空间酶的活力较对照组提高了约1.5倍，碱性磷酸酯酶在周质空间酶的活力较对照组提高了约54％；在过量表达GroEL的宿主菌中，周质分泌蛋白总量较对照组提高了约52％，青霉素G酰化在周质空间酶的活力较对照组提高了约76％，鲑鱼降钙素六聚体的可落性组分的比例由原来的45％增加到约90％，而MS2-人白介素-3融合蛋白的包涵体有约15％转变为可溶性组份。

Hybrid mesoporous molecular sieve materials with hexagonal mesoporous structure and covalent bonded polyoxometalates were synthesized based on tetraethoxysilane anti lacunary polyoxometalate, SiW11, via sol-gel method in the presence of triblock copolymers P123 as the structure-directing agent. The influences of molar ratio of inorganic precursors and aging temperature on the structure and the loadings of SiW11 in the hybrid materials were investigated. Some reaction details in the synthesis were revealed.

用嵌段共聚物P123为模板剂，正硅酸乙酯和缺位结构的多金属氧酸盐SiW11为无机前驱体，由溶胶－凝胶法合成了具有六方结构和SiW11共价键联的介孔分子筛杂化材料SiW11/SBA-15，着重考察了无机前驱的配比和老化温度对杂化材料结构及SiW11负载量的影响。

Aging mechanism of wood-plastic composite was: light and heat break down the long molecular chains of wood flour and plastic; the free radicals reacted with the oxygen, which generated carbonyl groups, hydroperoxides and so on; the free radicals also had cross linking reaction, which generated alkoxy; Water destroyed the interface of wood flour and plastic, hydrolyzed ester additives, extracted the small molecule additives and degradation products; Microorganism degraded cellulose, semicellulose, lignin and ester additives; degradation product from different component accelerated the aging, which could be exampled by the fact that HCl from degradation of PVC accelerated the hydrolyzation of cellulose and semicellulose.

木塑复合材料的老化机理为：光和热引发木塑复合材料中木质组分和塑料组分大分子链断裂，产生的自由基与氧气作用，发生链支化反应生成羰基、氢过氧化物等，发生交联反应生成烷氧基等；水分破坏木-塑界面、水解酯类添加剂、抽提小分子添加剂和降解产物；微生物分解纤维素、半纤维素、木素和酯类添加剂；木塑复合材料中各组分的降解产物相互促进老化，PVC降解产生的HCl溶于水，促进了纤维素和半纤维素的水解。

The nano-ionic liquid containing metal complex could be an effective catalyst for oxidative carbonylation of amines to carbamates and disubstituted ureas and for synthesis of unsymmetric ureas from amines and nitrobenzene, in which turn over frequencies exceeded 10000mol/mol/h.

以该系列纳米离子液体为催化剂高效的实现了胺类化合物催化氧化羰化制备氨基甲酸酯和二取代脲（转化频率＞10000mol/mol/h）以及胺与硝基苯通过一氧化碳羰化制备不对称脲的过程。

Then we completed the first total synthesis of-Plakoridine A using Eschenmoser couping reaction as akey step. During the synthesis we found the choice of protecting groups and the configuration of the chiralcenter of the substrate play an important role to the key Eschenmoser reaction,so we think our successwould be of guide for synthesizing other polysubstituted pyrrolidines or piperidines.

在论文的第一章中，我们先以易得的对羟基苯乙酸乙酯为原料经多步反应制得了所需的β氨基酸酯，然后利用立体选择性的Aldol缩合反应和内酰胺化反应制得了Plakoridine Alactam，随后，以Eshenmoser缩合反应为关键步骤完成了生物碱-Plakoridine A的首次不对称全合成。

A process for making an electronic device which comprises applying a nonaqueous plate-resistant ink by ink jet printing to selected areas of a dielectric substrate, optionally laminated with an electrically conductive metal, exposing the plate resistant ink to actinic and/or particle beam radiation to effect polymerisation, adding one or more metal layers by electrolytic or electroless deposition, the upper layer of which is an etchresistant metal, removing the polymerised plate-resistant ink with alkali and finally removing the electrically conductive metal which are optionally directly laminated to the dielectric substrate and not protected by an upper layer of etch-resistant metal by chemical etching wherein the plate-resistant ink is substantially solvent-free and comprises: A 30 to 90 parts acrylate functional monomers free from acid groups comprising mono- or higher functionality wherein 5 to 95% by weight are mono-functional monomers; B 1 to 30 parts acrylate functional monomer containing one or more acid groups; C 0 to 20 parts polymer or prepolymer; D 0 to 20 parts radical initiator; E 0 to 5 parts colorant; F 0 to 5 parts surfactant; and where the ink has a viscosity of not greater than 30 cPs at 40 DEG C and all parts are by weight.

一种制备电子装置的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：通过喷墨印刷在任选层压了一种或多种导电金属的介电底材的选定区域涂覆非水的阻沉积油墨，将所述阻沉积油墨暴露在光化辐射和/或微粒束辐射中以完成聚合，通过电解沉积或无电沉积增加一层或多层金属层，其中最上层的金属层为一种或多种阻蚀刻金属，用碱除去聚合的阻沉积油墨，最后通过化学蚀刻将任选直接层压在所述介电底材上并且不被一种或多种阻蚀刻金属的上层保护的导电金属除去，其中所述阻沉积油墨基本不含溶剂，并且包含以下组分：A30-90份不含酸基团的丙烯酸酯功能性单体，所述单体包括单官能或多官能单体，其中5-95％重量为单官能单体；B1-30份包含一个或多个酸基团的丙烯酸酯功能性单体；C0-20份聚合物或预聚物；D0-20份自由基引发剂；E0-5份着色剂；和F0-5份表面活性剂；其中所述油墨的粘度在40℃下不高于30cPs，并且所有的份数以重量计。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。