酯化了的

Thus, the optimum synthesizing condition was found here, namely input material ratio 3 to 1, reaction temperature 67℃, and reaction time 3 hours. The hydrolysis process of the pyrophosphate byproduct, which is brought by phosphating reaction, is also discussed well in this paper and the full hydrolysis condition of pyrophosphate is obtained finally.

论文对副产物焦磷酸酯的水解反应进行了研究，得到了焦磷酸酯完全水解的条件：水解温度为80℃、水的用量为4%、水解时间为12小时，解决了因焦磷酸酯存在而造成的对磷酸化反应产物分析困难的问题。

The enzymatic digestibility of native and acetated tapioca starches with different degree of substitution was investigated in in-vitro digest model stimulated the human intestine tract and the resistant starch content was determined using Megazyme total starch assay kit.

采用生物体外消化模型模拟人体消化道环境，对不同取代度的醋酸酯化木薯淀粉的消化速率进行了研究；用微生物酶对醋酸酯化木薯淀粉进行生物降解并测定各个样品的抗消化淀粉含量。

A series of novel bile acid derivatives as potential hepato-biliary and intestinal scintigraphy imaging SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) tracers were prepared from bile acids by es-terification, aminolysis of esters and alkylation of amino groups.

以胆酸、鹅去氧胆酸为起始原料，经羧基的酯化、酯的胺解以及氨基的烷基化，合成了一系列潜在的针对肝胆显像和肠显像的SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography)分子探针前体。

Other methyl nucleophiles includingMeMgBr, MeCeCl2, MeTiCl3, Me3Al, Me3ZnMgCl, MeMnClwere tried, but in all these cases no detectable amount of exo-C8-methylated product was obtained. Although protecting C3-carbonyl as 1,3-dioxolanes could be achieved, the serious enolization of C8-carbonyl was still problematic. Converting C9-furan ring to α,β-butenolide did depress the enolization, but desired C8-methylation was completely replaced by migration of the double bond of the butenolide.

在本论文的早期阶段，主要着眼于解决二环[3.2.1]-C8-羰基加成甲基所遇到的C9-呋喃环差向异构化和C3与C8两个羰基之间化学选择性的问题：通过引入不同金属降低甲基试剂的碱性并没有取得甲基化的成功；通过不同的方法将C3-羰基掩蔽，但是C8-羰基的烯醇化依然无法抑制；虽然通过将呋喃环转化为α，β-不饱和-γ-丁内酯可以抑制烯醇化，但内酯环上的双键迁移又成了新的竞争反应。

The effects of activation temperature and activation time for the catalyst and the esterification conditions on the yield of isoamyl isovalerate were investigated.

用纳米级HZSM-5分子筛作催化剂合成了异戊酸异戊酯，考察了催化剂的活化温度和活化时间以及酯化反应条件对酯收率的影响。

For the first time, enantiomers of C2-symmetric 1,1 -spirobiindane-7,7'-diol were resolved with crude menthyl chloroformate by phase-transfer catalysis in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide. The reaction was carried out at 0℃-rt. The diastereomers of SPINOL bis-menthyl carbonate can be separated by simple crystallization using alcohol. The hydrolysis of the diastereomers was carried out via aqueous NaOH/EtOH solution.

首次通过相转移催化的方法对螺双二氢茚二酚进行了有效的拆分，用L--氯甲酸薄荷醇酯做拆分剂，以四丁基溴化铵为催化剂在0℃-室温下进行酯化反应生成非对映体衍生物，以乙醇作溶剂，通过重结晶的方法分离衍生物，在水-乙醇混合溶剂条件下，用强碱NaOH或KOH分别水解，制得相应的光学纯度大于99%ee的两个异构体SPINOL，其中总收率：--SPINOL，78.2%；--SPINOL，80.6%。

Macrocycle with one pyridyl unit and one aryl oxdiazole unitCondensation of Ts-amino acids with 2,6-bishydroxymethyl pyridinegave di-esters in the presence of DCC and TsOH in pyridine. DMAP,another acylation catalyst was also discussed in our esterification.

二。含一个吡啶环和一个二苯基噁二唑单元：直接采用Ts保护的氨基酸与吡啶二醇在吡啶-TsOH反应体系中，在DCC作用下生成吡啶二醇二酯，讨论了酯化过程中不同酰基化试剂的应用。

In this study, new benzo[l,2,3]thiadiazole derivatives were designed according to relationship of structure and efficacy. The 9 novel compounds were synsthesized with following reactions. The chlorine atom in 2-chloro-3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid as beginning raw material was substituted by 2-methylpropane-2-thiol, esterified then with bromoethane, reduced by iron powder and cyclized to obtain ethyl benzo[l,2,3]thiadiazole-7 after diazonation reation.

本论文根据苯并噻二唑诱导剂的构效关系设计了新的苯并噻二唑的结构，并合成了9个未见文献报道的化合物，合成步骤如下：采用2-氯-3，5-二硝基苯甲酸为起始原料，苯环上的氯原子被叔丁基硫醇置换，羧酸由溴乙烷酯化，硝基由铁粉还原，随后经重氮化关环生成苯并[1，2，3]噻二唑-7-羧酸乙酯。

To provide: a production method using a catalyst which can substantially suppress leaching of active metal components and exhibit high activity for both reactions of transesterification of glycerides and esterification of free fatty acids each contained in a fat or oil; and the catalyst.

本发明提供了脂肪酸烷基酯和/或甘油的制造方法。所述制造方法使用催化剂，所述催化剂可以基本上抑制活性金属成分的浸出并对甘油酯的酯交换反应和脂肪或油中所包含的各游离脂肪酸的酯化反应都显示出较高的活性。

The recent research progress of oxidation carbonylation of amines/β-amino alcohols, alkoxycarbonylation of epoxides, carbonylative Suzuki coupling, carbonylative Sonogashira, and double carbonylation of aryl iodides has been presented, focusing on the carbonylation reactions studied by us in the past few years, with 81 references.

综述了胺／氨基醇类化合物氧化羰化、环氧化合物氢酯基化、碘代芳烃的羰化Suzuki偶联、羰化Sonogashira以及双羰基化等重要羰基化反应的研究状况，特别是结合本课题组近年来在该领域中的工作，并对羰基化反应的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。