酯

" Salicylic acid: White, crystalline solid organic compound used chiefly to make aspirin and other pharmaceutical products, including methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen, for medicines and flavourings), phenyl salicylate (for sunburn creams and pill coating s), and salicylanilide."

水杨酸：白色晶体有机化合物，主要用来制取阿司匹林和其它药品，包括水杨酸甲基酯(冬绿的油，用于医药和调味用香料)、水杨酸苯酯(用于防晒药膏和糖衣药片)以及游离水杨酸(用于一种伤皮肤的杀真菌剂)。

" Salicylic acid: White, crystalline solid organic compound used chiefly to make aspirin and other pharmaceutical products, including methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen, for medicine s and flavourings), phenyl salicylate (for sunburn creams and pill coatings), and salicylanilide."

水杨酸：白色晶体有机化合物，主要用来制取阿司匹林和其它药品，包括水杨酸甲基酯(冬绿的油，用于医药和调味用香料)、水杨酸苯酯(用于防晒药膏和糖衣药片)以及游离水杨酸(用于一种伤皮肤的杀真菌剂)。

" Salicylic acid: White, crystalline solid organic compound used chiefly to make aspirin and other pharmaceutical products, including methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen, for medicines and flavourings), phenyl salicylate (for sunburn creams and pill coatings), and salicylanilide."

水杨酸：白色晶体有机化合物，主要用来制取阿司匹林和其它药品，包括水杨酸甲基酯(冬绿的油，用于医药和调味用香料)、水杨酸苯酯(用于防晒药膏和糖衣药片)以及游离水杨酸(用于一种伤皮肤的杀真菌剂)。

Therefore esterification crosslinked reactionbetween polyearboxylic acid and wood can be quantitatively determined.According toexperiment results of stereoscopic configuration choices by crosslinking agents,crosslinkingreaction between model of reaction intermediate and wood,and the intermediate characteristic incrosslinking reaction,crosslinking reaction intermediate was proofed.We can infercrosslinking reactions between polycarboxylicacid and wood want through a mechanism of twosteps reaction process,the first cyclic anhydrides were formed as intermediates by dehydratingbetween hydroxyls in polycarboxylic acids,second esters were occurred by substitution reactionbetween wood hydroxyls and cyclic anhydrides.

从而可全面定量表征木材与多元羧酸类化合物的酯化交联反应；依据交联剂立体构型选择性、反应中间体模型物与木材的交联反应和交联反应中间体的波谱特征实验结果，证实了交联反应中间体，因此可以推测：多元羧酸类化合物与木材化学组分的交联反应是经历两步反应的机理，首先多元羧酸中相邻羧基的羟基之间脱水形成五元环酸酐中间体，然后木材的羟基与酸酐发生亲核取代反应形成酯。

The SOD and the LDH-1 activities and EST (R_f=0.17 and R_f=0.72) at 1℃weresignificantly higher than the values of the room temperature(P＜0.05), but the total enzymeactivities of LDH, G6PDH and EST at room temperature and 1℃were similar(P＞0.05).This showed well-developed anoxia tolerance of the Heilongjiang wood frog to maintainplasma viability when low temperature interrupts the delivery of oxygen and substrates. LDH-1rose significantly avoided the liver lactic acid accumulation that may created the liver to bewearied. EST (R_f=0.17 and R_f=0.72) rose may enhance the ester metabolism to offer muchenergy. These showed steady metabolic rate and relative stable organism environment of theHeilongjiang wood frog to survive under low temperature.Native PAGE separated proteins of liver tissue successfully on the better condition is 6％final gel concentration and there were 15～19 bands identified on this condition.

同功酶电泳图谱显示，1℃组与室温组黑龙江林蛙肝脏LDH酶活性差异不显著，均以LDH-5为主，但1℃组LDH-1显著高于室温组(P＜0.05)，推测黑龙江林蛙为适应低温低氧环境，增强LDH-1酶活性以较好的利用乳酸，避免因大量乳酸形成造成肝脏疲劳；而1℃组肝脏G6PDH酶活性无显著变化，进一步说明低温条件下葡萄糖戊糖途径和糖酵解作用的互相协调，维持机体代谢的稳定；1℃组和室温组EST总酶比活力无显著变化，但1℃组中R_f=0.17和R_f=0.72的EST同工酶显著升高(P＜0.05)，推测在低温条件下黑龙江林蛙可能通过选择性增强部分酯酶同功酶活性，增加肝脏酯类物质代谢，为机体提供维持生命必需的最低能量。

XPS and FTIR spectroscopy analysis indicated that chemical bonds were formed between maleic rosin and wood flour through the esterification reaction of anhydride groups and hydroxyl groups on wood surface.

FTIR与XPS分析表明，马来松香分子中的酸酐基团与木粉表面的羟基发生了酯化反应，并且马来松香是以单酯的形式接枝到木粉表面，同时产生－游离羧基。

Then starch xanthate was used as filler in place of some black carbon in tire tread.

简述淀粉改性的概况以及淀粉黄原酸酯的改性方法，并将淀粉黄原酸酯作为补强剂代替部分炭黑应用在轮胎胎面胶中。

The reaction proceeded in xylene at 120 ℃ for 10 h to give bromoxynil octanoate in 91% yield.

以DMF、三乙胺为催化剂，在溶剂中，用辛酸直接合成了溴苯腈辛酸酯，实现由酸合成酯的一步反应。

Analytical results showed that the upper clear liquid of pyrolysis oils was mainly consisted of water-soluble substances,such as phenol,cresol,xylenol,sugars,hydantoins,morpholines,pyranones and pyridine derivatives compounds,etc.,while the lower sediment was mainly insoluble or hardly water-soluble substances,such as the big substituent phenolics(the number of substituent carbon atoms of which is greater than or equal to 2),aryl phosphate esters,fatty acid esters and nitrile compounds,and so on.

研究表明，热解油上层清液主要是一些较易溶于水的物质，如苯酚、甲酚、二甲酚、糖类、乙内酰脲类、吗啉类、吡喃酮类和吡啶类化合物等；而下层沉淀则主要为不溶或难溶于水的物质，如大取代基酚类（取代基碳原子数≥2）、磷酸三芳基酯类、脂肪酸酯类和腈类化合物等。

The Applications of Samarium Diiodide and Ytterbium Trifluoromethethanesulfonate in Organic Synthesis, the Applications of Bis Carbonate in Sythesis of Chloroformates

论文标题：二磺化钐及三氟甲磺酸镱在有机合成中的应用，双碳酸酯在氯甲酸酯合成中的应用

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。