酯

Macroporous tributyl amine aminating strongly basic anion exchange resin-a phase transfer catalyst with high catalytic activity for nucleophilic substitution,which was screened out via combinatorial chemistry method –was used to catalyze the nucleophilic substitution reactions for synthesis of benzyl acetate,benzyl propionate,benzyl butyrate and benzyl valerate.

用组合化学方法筛选出的对无外加碱条件下的亲核取代催化活性最高的聚合物季铵盐–三丁胺胺化强碱性阴离子交换树脂为相转移催化剂，催化合成了乙酸苄酯、丙酸苄酯、丁酸苄酯、戊酸苄酯等羧酸苄酯。

The results showed that there were 8 kinds of aliphatic, 5 kinds of esters, 2 kinds of aldehydes, 2 kinds of nitrogen sulfur heterocyclic rings and one kind of hydrocarbon, alcoholics, ketone, lactones respectively in the analyzed 21 kinds of aroma components, and the content of furfural,β-methyl valeric acid, palmitic acid, nicotine, neohytadiene were higher, next were acetyl ethyl propionate, caleric acid, phenyl ethyl acetate, hydroxylic diethyl succinate.

结果表明，在分析出的21种香气成分中，分别有脂肪酸类8种，酯类5种，醛类2种，氮硫杂环类2种，烃类、醇类、酮类、内酯类各l种，其中相对含量较高的物质成分是糠醛、β-甲基戊酸、十六碳酸、烟碱、新植二烯，其次是乙酰丙酸乙酯、异戊酸、苯乙酸乙酯、羟基丁二酸二乙酯等。

In practice, we should know clearly the esterifying power of each strains and notice the use effects of monascus esterified strains and its esterified zymin in liquor-making.

酯化菌株及其代谢产酯化酶的种类很多，不仅要了解其酯化力，还要注意其相对较优的专一性能红曲酯化菌株及其酯化酶制剂在白酒酿造过程中的应用效果。

A set of laser monitoring observation system to be used for measure the solubility with a high speed, which is programmed heating apparatus , have designed. The solubility of 1,2-cyclohexanediol were measured in water, methyl acetate, acetic ester, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acetoacetic ester at different temperature.

另外，还建立了一套带激光监视系统，可以控制升温速率的溶解度测定实验装置，测定了反式-1，2-环己二醇在水、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯和甲基丙基酮等9个二元体系中的溶解度。

Gelucire 44/14 was proided by Gattefossé(Saint-Priest,France). Gelucire 44/14 is a glyceryl behenate with a fraction of 12%–18% mono-, 52%–54% di-, and 28%–32%triglycerides, and has a melting point of 44C.

单硬脂酸甘油酯44/14是由法国的佳法赛公司提供，它是由山萮酸甘油酯和12%–18%的单甘油酯、52%–54%的二甘油酯、28%–32%的三甘油酯组成的，熔点是44摄氏度。

The results showed that the degree of butyryl substitution of CAB increased and the degree of acetyl substitution of CAB decreased as the activation time increased. The degree of substitution of CAB changed slightly after the esterification went along about 2h.

随着活化时间的增加，CAB的丁酯取代度会逐渐增大，乙酯取代度会逐渐减小；酯化反应2h后，CAB取代度变化不大；CAB的丁酯取代度随着反应体系中丁酰基摩尔分数的增加而增大，而乙酯取代度则随着丁酰基摩尔分数的增加而减小。

In this paper the study on optimizing the esterification of cellulose and some character of CAB(the degree of substitution of cellulose, solubility, the thermal properties and molecular weight) was discussed. The mechanism of the esterification of cellulose in butyric acid/ acetic acid/ butyric anhydride which comprises the creation of the acetic butyric anhydride, acetyl cation and butyryl cation was investigated by the study of the effect of the content of the organic acid and anhydride on the degree of acetyl and butyryl substitution of cellulose.

最后本文根据纤维素在丁酸/乙酸/丁酸酐中的酯化反应中有机酸以及酸酐的添加量对最后产物纤维素醋酸丁酸酯中乙酯或者丁酯取代度的影响，提出纤维素在丁酸/乙酸/丁酸酐中的酯化反应经历一个混和酸酐以及乙酰碳正离子、丁酰碳正离子的生成过程。

The microbicidal effects of monoacylglycerols prepared from glycidol and fatty acids with even-numbered carbons in the chain caprylic (MAG C 8 : 0), capric(MAG C 10:0),2-ethylcaproic (MAG 2Eth-C 6: 0) and lauric (MAG C 12: 0)-were tested.

以甘油与不同偶数脂肪酸为原料合成了一系列甘油-酸酯：甘油一辛酸酯(MAG C 8：0)，甘油一癸酸酯(MAG C10：0)，甘油-2-乙基乙酸单酯(MAG 2Eth-C 6：0)和甘油一月桂酸酯(MAG C 12：0)，测定其抑菌效果。

The microbicidal effects of monoacylglycerols prepared from glycidol and fatty acids with even-numbered carbons in the chain caprylic (MAG C 8:0), capric (MAG C 10:0), 2-ethylcaproic (MAG 2Eth-C 6:0) and lauric (MAG C 12:0)-were tested.

以甘油与不同偶数脂肪酸为原料合成了一系列甘油－酸酯：甘油－辛酸酯(MAG C 8：0)，甘油－癸酸酯(MAG C 10：0)，甘油-2-乙基乙酸单酯(MAG 2Eth-C 6：0)和甘油－月桂酸酯(MAG C 12：0)，测定其抑菌效果。

Ingredients:Water,Glycerin,Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride,Cetearyl Alcohol,Squalane,Glyceryl Stearate,Panthenol,Betaine,Dimethicone,Oiea Europaea Oil,Allantoin,Glyceryl Stearate Se,Carbomer,Xanthan Gum,Parfum,Triethanolamine,Tocopheryl Acetate,Hyaluronic Acid,Methyl Paraben,Propyl Paraben,Creatine,Tetrasodium Edta,Phen-oxyethanol,Caprylyl Glycol,Sorbic.

成分：去离子水，甘油，辛酸/葵酸三甘油酯，鲸蜡硬脂醇，角鲨烷，硬脂酸甘油酯，泛醇，甜菜碱，聚二甲基硅氧烷，橄榄油，尿囊素，自乳化硬脂酸甘油酯，卡波姆，汉生胶，香精，三乙醇胺，生育酚乙酸酯，透明质酸，对羟基苯甲酸甲酯，对羟基苯甲酸丙酯，肌酸，乙二胺四乙酸四钠，苯氧乙醇，辛二醇，山梨酸。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。