酯

Application of esterifying liquid is one of the most important technical measures in the production of new type liquor, and quality esterifying liquid could be produced by the adoption of microbiological techniques and fermentation engineering techniques or compounded by manpower.

摘 要：使用酯化液是新型白酒生产中的一条重要技术措施，采用微生物技术和发酵工程技术制备酯化液，质量较佳，可也采用人工强化合成酯化液。

Application of esterifying liquid is one of the most important technical measures in the production of new type liquor, and quality esterifying liquid could be produced by the adoption of microbiological techniques and fermentation engineering techniques or compounded by manpower.

使用酯化液是新型白酒生产中的一条重要技术措施，采用微生物技术和发酵工程技术制备酯化液，质量较佳，可也采用人工强化合成酯化液。

The first step was esterifying FFA to its methyl esters. The second step was transesterifying the triglycerides in the products of the first step to methyl esters and glycerol.

第一步为酸催化预酯化反应，主要是将地沟油中的游离脂肪酸转化为脂肪酸甲酯；第二步为酸催化转酯化反应，主要是进一步将地沟油中的甘三酯转化为甲酯和甘油。

For instance, they may be ethylated by means of an ethyl halide, diethyl sulphate or ethyl p-toluenesulphonate to form dialkyl phenylethylmalonates which are valuable intermediates for the manufacture of certain therapeutically active barbiturates.

通过加入卤代乙烷，二烷基硫酸酯或者乙基p-甲苯磺酸酯，行程二烷基苯基乙基丙二酸酯，它是一种颇有价值的用于制造某些具有治疗活性的巴比妥盐的中间体。

Relative fitness experiments for the populations of lambda-cyhalothrin-susceptible, NILs-RR and NILs-RS strains of Spodoptera exigua, showed that relative finesses of NILs-RS and NILs-RR were 0.870 and 0.893, in comparison with that of SS strain. The intrinsic rates of natural increase of SS, NILs-RR and NILs-RS were 624.7, 543.6, and 557.8 respectively. There was no significant difference in the fitness between SS and different resistant lambda-cyhalothrin genotypes (NILs-RS and NILs-RR) of Spodoptera exigua.

对构建的甜菜夜蛾敏感种群、近等基因系高效氯氟氰菊酯抗性种群和近等基因系低抗性种群生命表分析表明，以SS种群为参比，NILs-RS、NILs-RR种群的相对适合度分别为0.870、0.893，抗高效氯氟氰菊酯不同基因型甜菜夜蛾SS，NILs-RS和NILs-RR三种群净增殖率分别为624.7， 543.6和557.8，无显著差异，表明高效氯氟氰菊酯的抗药性未引发甜菜夜蛾适合度变化。

PGA and CMC-Na (FH-9) were the chosen stabilizers. Based on the orthogonal experiment,the optimum added amount of stabilizers and homogenizing and sterilization parameters wereobtained. The results indicated that the best formula of this kind of fermented soybean drink withthe greatest stability were: 0.4% of CMC-Na(FH-9),0.2% of PGA, 0.067% of MG and 0.083%ofSE, homogenizing twice under 40℃,30MPa and pasteurizing twice under 80℃ for 20min. Thesensory ,physical, chemical and microorganism target of fermented soybean drink were studiedand conformed to the Chinese Standards.

对发酵纯豆乳饮料的调配工艺和稳定性进行了研究，选出对提高酸豆乳饮料稳定性有良好作用的稳定剂配方为羧甲基纤维素钠FH-90.4%、藻酸丙二醇酯0.2%，乳化剂为单甘酯0.067%和蔗糖酯(SE-15)0.083%，确定了最佳均质条件为30MPa 40℃二次均质，杀菌条件为80℃20min的两次常压杀菌，并测定了纯酸豆乳饮料的感官、理化和微生物指标。

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

Compared with the present process for the synthesis of acrylate by esterification of acrylic acid, which comes by oxygenation of propylene, the process by the carbonylation of acetylene to acrylic acid and its esters pays less cost, and so, is worth to be studied.

相对于目前主张的丙烯氧化法生产丙烯酸，再酯化生产丙烯酸酯的主流工艺，乙炔羰基化法合成丙烯酸及酯的工艺具有很好的经济性应用价值。

Such as,(1) Active Zincdust catalyzed the esterification reactions between benzoyl chloride and phenol or alcohol,which needed not solvent, warming and could fulfilled in a very short period (1-2min), andthe handling of the reaction mixtures was very simple. We believe it's the simplest and mosteconomic method for the synthesis of many aryl esters.

包括：(1)活性锌粉催化的酯化反应，在室温下即可反应，毋需溶剂，毋需加热，反应迅速(通常1—2分钟即可反应完全)，处理非常简便，相信目前是合成许多芳香酯最简便的方法，是一种值得加以推广的合成芳香酯的好方法。

The effect of reaction temperature,reaction time,materials ratio on the synthesis of piperidine alcohol benzoate ,hindered amine light stabilizer,from piperidine alcohol and benzoyl chloride by direct condensation were studied,and the proper technological conditions were given as follows:the reaction temperature is 95℃;reaction time is 4 h; the mole ratio of reactants,n∶n is 1∶1.4,the amounts of solvent is 40 mL(based 0.1mol piperidine alcohol),the arerage yield ...

王树清，高崇，苯甲酸哌啶醇酯HALS的合成工艺研究研究了以苯甲酰氯和哌啶醇为原料直接缩合合成苯甲酸哌啶醇酯受阻胺光稳定剂时反应温度、反应时间、原料配比等条件对合成反应的影响，确定了最佳工艺条件。最适宜的工艺条件是：反应温度95℃、反应时间6h、原料摩尔比n∶n为1∶1.4，溶剂用量为70mL(相对于0.1mol哌啶醇)，苯甲酸哌啶醇酯的收率为91.05%，产品纯度98.5%。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。