酯

In this paper,firstly a series of acryloxyl derivatives were synthesized from the dehydrogenated abietic acid,a main composition of disproportionated rosin, through acyl chloridation and esterification.The derivatives included the (β-acryloxyl ethyl) esters of dehydrogenated abietie acid,(β-methacryloxyl ethyl) esters of dehydrogenated abietic acid and (β-methacryloxyl propyl)esters of dehydrogenated abietic acid.

论文首先以歧化松香中的主要成分脱氢枞酸为模型化合物，采用酰氯化、酯化手段合成了它的一系列丙烯酰氧基衍生物，包括脱氢枞酸酯、脱氢枞酸(β-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基)酯和脱氢枞酸(β-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基)酯。

As concerning synthesis of 2-ethylhexyl chloroacetate, effects of catalyst dosage, molar ratio of 2-ethylhexanol to chloroacetic acid, reaction time, dosage of water entrainer on esterification rate were studied.

将此固体超强酸酯用于氯乙酸和异辛醇合成氯乙酸异辛酯的酯化反应，考察了异辛醇和氯乙酸的摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂环己烷的用量对酯化反应的影响。

The baseline-sensitivity of Cladosporium fulvum to azoxystrobin was established,the present resistance situation of C.fulvum in different areas to Azoxystrobin was studied,and the resistant risk of C.fulvum to azoxystrobin was also assessed in laboratory.Resistance mechanism of C.fulvum to azoxystrobin was studied preliminarily.The results are shown as follows.

本试验建立了番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性基线：研究了目前不同地区的番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯的抗药性现状；进行了番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯的室内抗药性风险评估；对番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯的抗性与苯丙氨酸解氨酶的活性进行了初步探讨，获得了如下研究结果： 1。

In addition, a benzene, toluene (0.32%), was also detected in 80% ripening fruit. In 90% ripening fruit were detected 27 kinds of aroma components belonging to 2 categories. Among the components, 17 were esters, and 10 alkenes. Of the 17 esters, methyl octanoate is the highest (21.00%), followed by ethyl hexanoate (17.64%), methyl hexanoate (14.34%). Of the 10 alkenes cis-β-ocimene is the highest (1.00%), followed by à-copaene (0.81%) and trans-ocimene (0.48%).

在9成熟果实中检测到2类共27种香气成分，分别是酯类17种和烯类10种；在酯类中，相对含量最高的是辛酸甲酯(25.27%)，其次是辛酸乙酯(21.00%)、己酸乙酯(17.64%)、己酸甲酯(14.34%)；在烯类中相对含量较高的有β-顺式－罗勒烯(1.00%)、à-蒎烯(0.81%)和反式－罗勒烯(0.48%)。

In present study, a liquid-liquid extraction method was employed to extract the volatile components in mulberry fruit sparkling wine. The analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected 69 peaks, among which 63 volatile components were identified. The first 9 volatile components with high relative content were benzyl alcohol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-1, 2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-1-butanol, toluene, acrylic acid butyl ester, 1H-indole-3-ethanol, isodecyl octyl phthalate and decyl octyl phthalate.

采用液－液萃取法提取桑椹汽酒中的挥发性成分，经气相色谱－质谱联机分析，共检测出69个峰，鉴定出63种挥发性化合物，其相对含量排在前9位的挥发性化合物分别是苯乙醇、2-甲基－1-丁醇、1，2-苯二酸单（2-乙基）己酯、3-甲基－1-丁醇、甲苯、丙烯酸丁酯、1H-吲哚－3-乙醇、邻苯二甲酸异癸基辛基二酯、邻苯二甲酸癸基辛基二酯。

Sumac wax is comprised of palmitic acid triglyceride (60%-80%), oleic acid glyceride(4-8%) and stearic acid glyceride(5-7%) and a diacid glyceride(2%), it is used for making food and cosmetic products due to its pure smell.

漆树蜡的成分有棕榈酸甘油三酸酯（60%-80%）、油酸甘油酯（4%-8%）、硬脂酸甘油酯（5%-7%）、以及二酸甘油酯（2%）。因为它纯净的气味，所以它也用来制作食品和化妆品。

The synthetic methods of dialkyl carbonate , through ester exchange, oxidative carbonylation, decarbonylation , synthesis with carbon dioxide , have been reviewed in this article.

简述了近年来碳酸二酯合成方法的研究进展，介绍了酯交换法、氧化羰化法、脱羰基法和二氧化碳直接合成法等，并着重介绍了碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二苯酯合成工艺中催化剂的研究与开发情

The use of such "mixed" dialkyl carbonates may give rise not only to similar "mixed" malonates, e.g. the corresponding methyl ethyl phenylmalnate, but also to mixtures of simple malonates.

因此使用这种混合二烷基碳酸酯不仅可能得到相似的丙二酸酯，例如相对应的甲基乙基苯基丙二酸酯，而且可能得到简单丙二酸酯的混合物。

A novel type of amphiphilic tri-block copolymers with both pH and temperature sensitiveness: poly-poly (dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate)-poly (ε-caprolactone)(PEG-PDMAEMA-PCL) was synthesized via sequential oxyanionic polymerization of macro-molecular: PEG, with a hydroxyl at one end, and dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate andε-caprolactone, with the potassium naphthalene as the initiator.

在本文中，报道了一类新型的兼具pH和温度敏感的双亲性嵌段共聚物：聚乙二醇-聚甲基丙烯酸N，N-二甲氨基乙酯-聚己内酯(PEG-PDMAEMA-PCL)及聚甲基丙烯酸N，N-二甲氨基乙酯-聚己内酯(PDMAEMA-PCL)的制备；并利用动态光散射和氢核磁共振光谱(~1H NMR)对该嵌段共聚物的水溶液性质进行研究；在此研究结果的基础上，初步探讨了其在仿生物矿化中的应用。

Based on single factor experiment including esterify ing temperature, esterify ing time,and vitriol dosage,the conditions for esterify ing free fatty acid were optimized by response surface methodology and by determining acid value and content of V_E as evaluation indexes.

本研究在酯化温度、酯化时间和浓硫酸用量三个单因素试验的基础上，利用响应面分析法，以酯化后脱臭馏出物的酸价和VE含量为评价指标，对游离脂肪酸酯化条件研究。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。