酯

In order to explore the relationship between structure and properties of hydroxyalkyl cellulose ether nitrate, molecular structures of nitrate ester of hydroxylethyl cellulose ether, nitrate ester of hydroxylpropyl cellulose and nitrate ester of cellulose glycerol ether with molar substitution of 1 were simulated by using Synthia module of Materials Studio, and their performances of nitrogen content, glass transition temperature and Young's modulus were predicted.

为探索羟烷基纤维素醚硝酸酯的结构与性能关系，借助Materials Studio软件中的Synthia模块模拟了摩尔取代度为1的羟乙基纤维素醚硝酸酯、羟丙基纤维素醚硝酸酯和二羟丙氧纤维素醚硝酸酯的结构，并预测了它们的含氮量、玻璃化转变温度和杨氏模量。

First, a lot of experiments about changing character on CaCO3 surface has been rearsched,example,fatty acid,pentaerythritol,rosin ester,cocoanut oil,rosin, pentaerythritol + rosin ester,glycerine + rosin ester ,cocoanut oil + oleic acid,titanate + fatty acid,cocoanut oil + fatty acid, and so on surface active agents. Among these surface active agents, cocoanut oil + oleic acid,and titanate+ fatty acid,and cocoanut oil + fatty acid are the best.

本文首先对纳米碳酸钙的活化改性进行了实验研究，在硬脂酸钠、季戊四醇、松香酯、椰子油、松香、季戊四醇+松香酯、甘油+松香酯、椰子油+油酸、钛酸酯+硬脂酸钠、椰子油+硬脂酸钠等表面改性剂中，以硬脂酸钠、椰子油、油酸+椰子油、椰子油+硬脂酸钠等活化剂的活化效果较为理想。

For developing an immunoassay for multiple residues of pyrethroid pesticides, the hapten N-2- carbanmoyl-(3"-phenoxyphenyl) methyl 3-(2"-Cldoro-3",3",3"-trifluoropropenyl)-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane- carboxylate was synthesized from cyanohydrin and 3-(2"-Chloro-3",3",3- trifluoropropenyl)-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid via hydrolysis and esterification. The synthesis of the hapten was foundation of preparaing anti- cyhalothrin polyclonal antibodies.

为了制备对单一拟除虫菊酯高特异性的抗体，以菊酸和氰醇为起始原料，通过水解、酯化反应合成了半抗原N-2-氨甲酰-(3-苯氧基苄基)甲基-3-(2-氯-3，3，3-三氟丙烯基)-2，2-二甲基环丙烷羧酸酯，为进一步制备抗三氟氰菊酯的特异性抗体奠定基础。

Likewise, oil is the mixture of glyceride, including triglyceride, diglyceride monoglyceride .

同样地，油为甘油酯的混合物，包括，例如甘油三酸酯、甘油二酸酯和甘油一酸酯。

In this research,the indexes relating to the quality of the fried oil,including the content of the ploymers,acid value,iodine value,saponification value,peroxide value,the content of the diglyceride,oxidation stability,viscosity,were detected.The results showed that with the frying time prolonging,the content of the polymers and viscosity increased greatly,iodine value and saponification value decreased,peroxide value and acid value increased,and the content of unsaturated fatty acid reduced,a little of diglyceride produced.

在食用油煎炸过程中，对油脂品质相关的指标(包括酸值、碘值、皂化值、过氧化值、脂肪酸组成、氧化稳定性、黏度、聚合物的含量以及甘一酯、甘二酯和甘三酯的含量)进行检测，结果表明，随着煎炸时间的延长，煎炸油中的聚合物含量大大升高，黏度增大，有少量甘二酯生成，不饱和脂肪酸含量下降，碘值、皂化值降低，酸值、过氧化值升高。

Erysimi CarE activity both of resistant populations and of susceptive population were trend to normal school, and the resistant L. erysimi populations have significant higher CarE activity than susceptive L. erysimi population. Thereinto, the activity level of CartE in Hongtang L. erysimi population is the highest among the four field populations, which is tally to the result of drug-fast test on each population.

对各地菜缢管蚜种群个体羧酸酯酶研究结果表明，无论是抗性种群还是敏感种群，其个体羧酸酯酶活性分布频率均趋于正态分布，即两头低，中间高；各抗性种群的羧酸酯酶的活性水平明显高于敏感种群，其中以洪塘菜缢管蚜种群的羧酸酯酶活性水平最高，这跟各种群的抗药性监测结果亦相吻合。

The Residue Dynamic of Quizalofop-P-tefuryl 4% EC in Bean Field ZHANG Hao, WANG Yan, LU Zhong-bin (College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China) Abstract: In order to make up a standard procedure for safe use of quizalofop-P-tefuryl on soil and bean,a field supervised conducted to reveal dynamic of quizalofop-P-tefuryl in soil and bean,respectively.

4%糖草酯乳油在大豆植株和土壤中的残留动态张浩，王岩，逯忠斌(吉林农业大学资源与环境学院，长春 130118)摘要：为了制定糖草酯在大豆上的安全使用标准，采用田间试验方法，研究了糖草酯在大豆及土壤中的残留动态，应用HPLC测定了糖草酯在大豆及土壤中的残留量。

In view of rising feedstock and energy costs, BASF will further increase prices for its acrylic acid and acrylic esters (glacial acrylic acid; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate), as contracts permit.

在原料和能源成本，巴斯夫公司将进一步提高其丙烯酸和丙烯酸酯（冰丙烯酸，丙烯酸甲酯，丙烯酸乙酯，丁酯丙烯酸2乙基己基丙烯酸酯），价格为合同许可。

Process for the manufacture of a dialkylphenylethylmalonatewhich comprises adding to a quantity of sodium which is covered with a hydrocarbon solvent boiling above 100°C, at least a chemically equivalent proportion of methyl, ethyl or a propyl alcohol, subsequently adding an approximately equivalent proportion of a dialkylcarbonate and of an alkyl phenylacetate, the alkyl groups in these two last-mentioned compounds being preferably the same as the alkyl radical of the above –mentioned lower aliphatic alcohol, heating the mixture to induce reaction and continually distilling out the alcohol formed from the reaction zone and finally causing the sodio diethyl phenylmalonate so formed to interact with an ethylating agent.

生产二烷基苯基丙二酸酯的工艺过程：这包括这包括把至少处于化学平衡的甲醇，乙醇或丙醇添加到覆盖着沸点超过一百摄氏度的碳氢化合物溶剂中，接着加入大约相同当量的二烷基碳酸酯和烷基乙酸苯酯，在刚才提到的化合物中，其烷基集团最好是和刚才提到的低级别脂肪族醇相同，然后加热反应混合物从而引导反应的进行，在反应区域通过连续蒸馏移除形成的醇类。最后使所形成的钠代二乙基苯基丙二酸酯和乙基化试剂反应。

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing acetyl tributyl citrate, which uses tributyl citrate and acetic anhydride as reaction articles, uses naphthalenesulfonic acid methylal as the catalyst during the ester synthesis process, filtering the catalyst from reacted articles after reaction, water-washing, alkaline-washing, distilling the filtrate to obatin acetyl tributyl citrate.

本发明公开了一种合成乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的方法，它以柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酸酐为反应物，在酯合成过程中用萘磺酸甲缩醛作催化剂，反应结束后，将催化剂从反应后的物料中过滤出来，滤液经水洗、碱洗、蒸馏获得乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。