配子体的

According to the formation of the apomitic embryos, apomixis could be divided into three major types: diplospory, apospory and adventive embryony.

按其胚体发生的途径，无融合生殖可分为二倍体孢子生殖、无配子生殖和不定胚生殖三种类型。

The increased number of mitochondria in tetraploids seemed to adapt the demanding of more energy for fecundation in tetraploids because of larger size. 3 Biochemical compositions in gonad and adductor muscle between diploids and triploids in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, during an annual period were examined.

三、对二倍体与三倍体太平洋牡蛎的性腺和闭壳肌生化组分含量2003.4-2004.3的年度变化的分析结果显示：二倍体牡蛎性腺糖原含量在配子发生过程中明显降低，至性腺成熟时降低了78.57%（P＜O.01），繁殖期维持在较低水平上，繁殖期过后逐渐升高，10月份至翌年3月份都保持较高的水平。

This paper expounded the situation of animal somatic cell nuclear transfer and biological functions of centrosome and analyzed the inheritance mechanism of centrosome during gametogenesis and fertilization.

文章在分析哺乳动物体细胞克隆存在的问题和简介中心体结构功能的基础上，综述了中心体在配子和受精卵发育过程中的遗传机制，同时阐述了体细胞克隆胚胎中心体及其相关蛋白的研究现状。

N l male gamete transmission of trisomic 2,7,9 had the relation with chromosome behavior at meiosis and with the degression of pollen activity.Besides,n l male gamete fertilization ability and 2n l embryo development ability perhaps could influnce it,too.

6.2号、7号、9号三体n 1雄配子传递率与减数分裂过程中染色体的行为和花粉生活力的降低有关，同时，n 1雄配子受精能力、2n 1胚发育能力可能也会影响n＋l雄配子的传递率。

Fucales An order of Phaeophyta in which the haploid generation consists only of the gametes. The gametes are produced in special cavities called conceptacles, often in the inflated tips of branches of the thallus, e.g.

鹿角藻目：褐藻门的一个目，其单倍体后代只由配子组成，配子在一个称为生殖窝（通常位于叶状体分支膨大的顶端）的特殊腔中产生。

NodD binds to and bends target promoters through anchoring two tandem and individual specific DNA sites. NodD functions as a tetramer, which has a V-shaped main body. Tetrameric NodD is to change its own conformation rather than its oligomeric forms in response to small signal molecules. The specific interaction between each NodD DNA-binding domain and each specific DNA site does not alter itself in spite of naringenin induction, and the induced conformational change is transferred from protein to DNA. Only the DNA conformation incited by induced NodD is competent for RNA polymerase to form the transcriptional open complex. It cannot be excluded that NodD may have protein-to-protein contacts with RNA polymerase, and that the NodD conformational change may also directly contribute to the transcriptional open complex formation. However, the NodD conformational change itself cannot serve as the determinant of the transcriptional molecular switch.

通过研究，我们提出了初步的NodD操纵子激活模型：第一，四聚体是NodD蛋白的功能单位，它通过铆钉两个串联的相对独立的DNA靶位点结合被诱导的启动子；第二，小分子配基的结合是改变NodD四聚体的构象而不是引发不同形式的寡聚体，在我们的模型中，NodD四聚体缩小其V形主体的弯折角，进而缩短其DNA结合功能域的间距；第三，小分子信号的诱导并没有改变NodD的DNA结合域和其DNA靶位点的相互作用，NodD的构象改变由蛋白质经其双铆钉位点传递给DNA；第四，只有诱导状态的NodD激发的DNA构象才能有效地使RNA聚合酶形成转录开放复合物；第五，不排除NodD与RNA聚合酶可能有直接的相互接触位点，不排除NodD构象的改变可能直接有利于RNA聚合酶形成转录开放复合物，但是我们认为NodD构象改变本身不是充当转录激活开关的决定因素。

Thus it is obvious that the weak homology existedamong genomes A, B, D and 〓. However, the rare unreduced gemetes and near-unreduced ones with the loss of several chromosomes could be produced by the highlyunequtional division of univalents at the first meisis and the normal second division,which gave the F1 hybrid the partial fertility.

但通过第一次减数分裂时单价体的极不对称的分离及正常的第二次分裂，可形成少量未减数配子和丢失了少数几条染色体的近未减数配子，使杂种〓表现部分可育性。

The main breeding methods of triploid grape such as crossing between diploid and tetraploid cultivars, endosperm culture, using 2n gametes and bud mutation etc.

探讨了三倍体葡萄育种的主要途径如利用二倍体和四倍体杂交、胚乳培养、利用2n配子和芽变选择等。

Some stimulators, including viruses, tumor cells and hot shock, could promote the expression of NKG2 receptors and their ligands via activating certain transcription factors which are capable of up-regulating NKG2 promoters' activity. Meanwhile, epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications are also critical to expression of NKG2 receptors and their ligands and may control the clonally distribution of some NK cell receptors.

病毒、肿瘤和热休克等刺激可以通过激活相应的转录调节因子，提高启动子活性而上调NKG2家族受体及其配体的表达，而启动子区DNA的甲基化状态、组蛋白的乙酰化和甲基化等表观遗传调控，在NK细胞受体及其配体的表达方面亦起重要作用，并决定NK细胞受体的克隆性分布。

Transmission rate of n+1 gametes is an important parameter for genetic analysis of trisomics.

大白菜三体的n+1配子传递率的测定是利用三体进行遗传分析的重要参数。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。