配子体的

The result of ISH indicate that the FIE gene has specialspatio-temporal expression in apomixis E.binata during the reproduction growth andcontrols the development of embryo and endosperm.

原位杂交的结果表明FIE在龙须草生殖发育的过程中特异的时空表达，与雌雄配子体发育有关，并参与调节胚和胚乳的发育。

The potential of moss as a model system to study plant biological process is associated with their relatively simple developmental pattern and the dominance of the haploid gametophyte in the life cycle.

苔藓植物具有相对简单的发育模式，单倍体的配子体在其生活史中占主导地位，作为研究植物生物学过程的模式系统具有诸多的优越性。

Although the megagametophyte formed and even the double fertilization had been finished 70 days after pollination at normal temperature, the megasporogenesis had not yet been finished at low temperature.

低温(12-18℃)处理的蝴蝶兰，授粉50d开始分化胚珠原基、60 d胚囊处于大孢子母细胞时期，比常温(20-25℃)下的推迟10-15 d；授粉70 d，常温下的蝴蝶兰植株已完成雌配子体发育和双受精，而低温处理的蝴蝶兰仍未完成大孢子的发生过程。

Tetraploid organisms may arise by the fusion of two diploid gametes that have resulted from the nondisjunction of chromosomes at meiosis, or by nondisjunction of the chromoosomes during the mitotic division of a zygote.

四倍体的产生可能是由于两个二倍体配子发生融合，这种二倍体配子又是在减数分裂中染色体不发生分离而形成。四倍体也可能因为受精卵进行有丝分裂时染色单体未发生分离而形成。

If such gametophytes produce fertile gametes, the resulting sporophyte is then tetraploid, and large polyploid series may subsequently be developed.

如果这种配子体能够产生可育的配子，那么形成的孢子体通常是四倍体，这样就可以得到大量的多倍体。

Monosomic 3, monosomic 5, monosomic 10, trisomic 4 and trisomic 5 as experiment materials, their meiosis behavior of pollen mother cell, pollen characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics of anther, section observation of pollen development and the structure of embryo sac were studied, and the effects on the seed set and transmission rate were analyzed.

本文以大白菜同源四倍体小孢子培养产生的且已鉴定为3号单体、5号单体、10号单体、4号初级三体、5号初级三体的非整倍体株系及二倍体株系等为试材，对各材料的结籽率、雄配子传递率进行了统计，并对花粉母细胞减数分裂行为、花粉特性、花粉发育和胚囊结构以及花药生理生化特性等方面进行了观察研究，进而分析了其对大白菜单体n-1雄配子和三体n+1雄配子传递率的影响。

The Poaceae share a commom and special gametophytic self-incompatibility system, which is under the control of two unlinked loci: S and Z.

已报道自交不亲和禾本植物有着相同的自交不亲和系统，是一种特殊的配子体自交不亲和类型，和单一位点控制的自交不亲和性不同，其不亲和性由非连锁的两个复等位基因位点S和Z控制。

Self-pollination was brought as the essential reason for causing emptied seeds by former researchers. Based on those studies, potassium antimonate and electron microscopy were used to study the calcium distribution of pollens in the micropylar canal of self-pollinated and cross-pollinated ovules and morphological changes in certain cells undergoing programmed cell death from pollination to fertilization, and observation of histo-chemical changes during microgametopyte development was performed by paraffin section.

前人研究认为自交是华北落叶松产生空粒的主要原因，本论文在此基础，运用焦锑酸钾沉淀法配合电镜观察研究了传粉后到受精前异交控制和自交辅助授粉胚珠珠孔道内花粉的钙分布情况，及此过程中细胞程序化死亡超微结构的变化，并通过石蜡切片研究了华北落叶松传粉后到受精前雌配子体发育过程及细胞内含物的变化，以研究在受精前胚珠内是否存在花粉识别与选择系统，探讨钙信号传导和花粉与胚珠相互作用及细胞程序化死亡的关系。

It is also suggested that the correlations between pollen-ovule ratio and pollen size , and ovule size should be accounted for in terms of sex allocation theory. During this project, no other effective pollinators except bumblebees and no species-specific pollinator have been observed for all kinds of Pedicularis species.

花粉胚珠比与配子体投资的相关性是植物自身为获得生殖成功，对资源在两性性功能的配置重新调整的结果，性配置理论可以很好的解释这些关系。

The moss Physcomitrella patens exhibits a very high rate of homologous recombination in its nuclear DNA, making gene targeting approaches in this plant as convenient as in yeast or in ES cells of mice.

苔藓植物具有相对简单的发育模式，单倍体的配子体在其生活史中占主导地位，作为研究植物生物学过程的模式系统具有诸多的优越性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。