配基

Among the six bonds in 3, the P_O bond between the phosphorus and carboxyl oxygen O3 was the weakest one, and could be easily broken to form a new penta-coordinate intermediate 4 which could yield the phosphoryl N→O migration product 5 by breaking the weaker P_N bond.

在六配位磷中间体3的6根键中，丝氨酸的羧基氧O3与磷之间的键最弱，最易断裂生成新的五配位磷中间体4， 4的P_N键断裂得到磷酰基的N→O转位反应产物5。

The three isomers structures of 3 were discussed in detail based on the calculation results. Among the six bonds in 3, the P_O bond between the phosphorus and carboxyl oxygen O3 was the weakest one, and could be easily broken to form a new penta-coordinate intermediate 4 which could yield the phosphoryl N → O migration product 5 by breaking the weaker P_N bond.

在六配位磷中间体3的6根键中，丝氨酸的羧基氧O3与磷之间的键最弱，最易断裂生成新的五配位磷中间体4， 4的P_N键断裂得到磷酰基的N→O转位反应产物5。

The research is little and unclear about the physiological metabolism and biological activity caused by structural differences between yam steroid saponins and sapogenin. In this study, therefore, the furostanol glycosides and spirostanol glycosides with different forms of glycoside, and diosgenin with no glycone were isolated from yam (Dioscorea Pseudojaponica Yamamoto in Taiwan) that were investigated the effect and mechanism on anti-cancer for the structurally different Saponins and sapogenin.

然由於目前对於山药类固醇皂及皂元间结构差异所造成的生理代谢与生物活性之研究甚少，仍不甚明了，因此本研究以台湾基隆山药为原料，分离出furostanol glycosides和spirostanol glycosides等不同形式配醣体结构之皂，并与不含醣基之薯蓣皂元（diosgenin；DIO）进行实验，探讨山药皂抗癌之功效与机制，并进ㄧ步探讨比对此些功效与机制是否因山药皂配醣体结构（furosten和spirosten）形式之不同，以及醣基之有无而有所差异。

The two volcanic materials are similar but are also different ①the partition mode of rare-earth element is similar to that of the basalt.②the increase content of the rare-earth element content in transitional layer shows that it enrichs in this segment due to the volcano events. Moreover, the comparability of the partition mode shows that the volcano-genic materials and the basalt are of the same source.③low Eu anomaly different from the high Eu anomaly of medium-acidic tuff in Meishan section, that show that their formation is different④there are plentiful basalt detritus.⑤there are enrichment of the Ti element.⑥the lower content of siderophile element of Ni and Co, especially in the transitional layer, show that there were not extraterrestrial events and big scale basic or ultrabasic volcano eruption events in this area. These characteristics show that the sedimentary source of Xuanwei Formation and Kayitou Formation is basalt.

1稀土元素配分模式与玄武岩类似；(2)稀土元素含量在异常层的增加反映了火山事件导致了它在该段地层中的富集，而配分模式的相似性反映了火山物质来源与玄武岩具有同源性；(3)低"Eu"异常区别于煤山剖面的中酸性凝灰岩高"Eu"异常模式，说明界线粘土岩成因也不同于煤山剖面的界线粘土；(4)大量的玄武岩岩屑；(5)Ti元素的富集；(6)亲铁元素Ni和Co含量较低，特别是在界线异常层含量降低，表明本区在界线处可能并不存在地外事件和大规模基性、超基性火山喷发事件，这些特征反映本区宣威组和卡以头组物质来源主要为玄武岩。

The neighbor-ing two Gd3+ ions are connected by two simple bridged carboxyl groups and a μ2-bridging carboxylgroup. Each G-d3+ ion is simuetaneosly coordinated by two water molecules. So the coordination num-ber of Gd3+ is nine, forming a coordination polyhedron of distorted mono capped square antiprism.

相邻Gd3+离子通过2个简单羧基桥和1个μ2羧基桥联结起来，还有2个水分子配位于每个Gd3+离子，所以Gd3+的配位数为9，形成变形的单帽四方反棱柱体。

The exo-cyclic tin atoms are five-coordinate and have coordination geometry of monocapped trigonal bipyramid with very similarly distorted mode.

有关该类化合物的晶体结构研究表明，中心锡原子的配位形式决定于直接与锡原子相连的烃基的结构和羧酸基配体的类型[8～ 10 ] 。

Three part of research works had been carried out in the dissertation. The first part: a kind of multidentate amine modified silica gel was synthesized through the following steps:(1) introduce the amino groups onto the surface of silica-gel by the treatment of surface silanol groups withγ-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane;(2) michael addition of excess trihydroxymethyl propyl triacrylate to amino groups on the silica gel surface;(3) amidation of the unreacted double bonds of TMPTA on the surface of TMPTA modified silica gel with diethylenetriamine;(4) the multidentate amine modified silica gel was finally obtained by the reaction of amino groups on the surface of DETA modified silica gel with double bond of butyl acrylate.

本论文进行了三部分研究工作，第一部分：通过多步反应对硅胶进行改性合成了一种多齿胺改性硅胶配体，合成过程如下：1通过γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷与硅胶表面的硅羟基反应，使硅胶表面带有氨基；2利用硅胶表面氨基与过量的三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯发生Michael加成反应；3利用二乙烯三胺与TMPTA改性硅胶表面未反应的双键发生反应使硅胶表面氨基化；4最后用丙烯酸正丁酯与DETA改性硅胶表面氨基充分反应成功合多齿胺改性硅胶配体。

The yields were 67～89% and 61～90% respectively, and the ees were 66～99. 9% and 68～99. 9% respectively (except for trans-5-decene and ally naphthyl ether). With trans-stilbene as the substrate, chiral ligands and OsO〓 could be recovered and reused five times in the AD reaction with high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity.

4在PF〓/NMO体系中，将配体8和10分别用于八种烯烃的AD反应，配体、OsO〓和底物的摩尔比为0.02/0.015/1时，化学产率分别为67～91％和61～90％，ee值分别为66～99.9％和68～99.9％（反式-5-癸烯和萘基烯丙基醚除外）。

The results of AD reactions are as follows:(1) When the AD reaction of eight olefins was performed at 0.5mo1% OsO〓 and 2mol% ligand 8 in PEG/NMO system, the diols were obtained in 78～90% yields and 78～96% ees (except for trans-5-decene and ally naphthyl ether).

催化结果如下：(1)在PEG/NMO体系中，将配体8用于八种烯烃的AD反应，配体、OsO〓和底物的摩尔比为0.02/0.005/1时，化学产率为78～90％，除反式-5-癸烯和萘基烯丙基醚较低外，其它六种烯烃的相应二醇产物的ee值为78～96％。

Adjacent helical chains are racemic. The Ag atom is linked to two nitrogen atoms of the 2-pyridyl and 4'-pyridyl groups from two different 2,4'-bpy ligands as well as to the oxygen atom of the counterion. In 17 and 19, the adjacent helical chains are linked to wavy two-dimensional network structures by the nitrate counterions.

相邻的螺旋链间是外消旋的，Ag 原子与分别来自两个不同2，4'-联吡啶的2-吡啶基和4'-吡啶基的氮原子以及阴离子的氧原子配位，在配合物17和19中，相邻聚合螺旋链被硝酸根离子桥连接起来，变成了一个波浪形的二维网络结构；配合物18是首次通过无桥连配体支持的Ag ××× Ag键将相邻螺旋链连接成二维非穿插的网络结构。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。