邻近关系

With respect to syntax, the roles of tagmeme in the structure of word and sentence and Chomsky's Generative-Transformational Grammar are discussed. The spatial relation theory and existing research achievements are investigated. Having noticed the shortage of the capability of topological and metrical relation in the description of spatial information structure, the author proposes Combinational Qualitative Geometry based on the two invariables under ordinary transformations, distance ratio and direction difference, the CQG-based spatial relation system between topological and metrical constraint is thus constructed, on which several spatial relations such as parallel, perpendicularity, co-linearity, sequence and direct neighborhood are derived. Based on extended theory of spatial relation, the language anamorphosis is analyzed from the aspects of phonetics, semantics and syntax. The mere geometric and formalized spatial relation is then integrated with concrete geographic ontology to accommodate richer and indicative spatial configuration of spatial information in the different geographic context. Finally a syntax framework for spatial information is put forward.

在语法结构方面，首先阐述了法位和法素在语法结构词法和句法中的地位和作用，以及Chomsky生成转换语法的核心内容；详细介绍了地理信息系统空间关系理论及现有的研究成果；在分析现有的拓扑关系和量度关系对空间信息结构描述能力不足的基础上，提出了基于长度比和角度差两个不变量的组合定性几何，以此建立了介于拓扑及量度约束之间的组合定性关系体系，并以此为基础派生出平行、垂直、共线、次序、直接邻近等空间关系描述；本文基于扩展的空间关系理论，详细讨论了空间关系在语音、语法和语义三个方面的语言变体，将纯几何和纯形式化的空间关系与具体的地理本体结合起来，可以获得更为丰富的、更能反映空间关系在不同语言上下文中具体体现的组合关系；最后给出了一个空间信息的语法结构的基本框架。

The reason why the model is based on Voronoi diagram and Delaunay triangulation is that one of the main factors of directional relationships is visible field of two objects, and the visible field is adjacent part of two object, so direction calculation of two objects may be limited in the adjacent field.

模型的建立之所以借助于Delaunay三角网和Voronoi图建立空间方向关系计算和描述模型，是因为决定两目标之间的空间方向关系的主要因素之一是这两个目标之间的可视区域，而可视区域恰好是它们的邻近区域，因而两目标的空间方向计算问题可以归结为目标间邻近区域内的问题。

In order to improve the query precision further, we employ the Singular Value Decomposition techniques to convert the high dimensional proximity vector space into low dimensional orthogonal concept space to match the documents more accurately.

为了进一步提高邻近关系模型特征表示的准确性，我们使用单值分解技术，将高维邻近关系空间转化为正交的低维特征语义空间，消除邻近关系的次要特征对信息检索精度的影响，进一步提高基于邻近关系模型的信息检索精度。

The first step is selecting a rain gauge as rainfall center by taking turns and adding the nearest rain gauge step by step to estimate the rainfall ratio relation of the same time with respect to the different distance separately. The last step is utilizing Weibull function can inquire into the return periods. Then, the ARF of Tamshui River basin is established.

研究中，先以某个雨量站当成点降雨中心，并逐次纳入邻近雨量站，即可分别得到不同距离下、同时间之雨量比值关系，依序置换不同雨量站为中心进行相同之分析，并利用威伯点绘法，进一步推求重现期距，即可建立研究区域之不同重现期距、不同延时与面积递减关系之ARF曲线。

The recent approach to define local center city is based on the attribute value of the cities, and it doesn't consider the spatial distribution of cities.

在确定区域城市体系中的中心城市时，现在的方法主要是根据对属性数据的分析来划分，未考虑到城市间的空间邻近关系，需要新的方法。

The representative families are Dryopteridaceae, Athyriaceae, Polypodiaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Selaginellaceae and Aspleniaceae. The main genera are Dryopteris, Selaginella, Asplenium, Arachniodes, Pteris, Allantodia and Plagiogyria. The top families' distribution types are cosmopolitan and pantropic ones, the main genera are pantropical ones, while species distribution type belong to the east Asia type and represents the feature of subtropics transition to warm temperated areatype. As for the order of closeness, the sequence of pteridophytes floristic relations between Songyang and the adjacent regions goes as Southwest China, South China, Central China, Japan, North China, Northwest China and Northeast China. The six upland pteridophytes next to Songyang can be put into the same natural flora because of its closest relationship. But compared with other 11 upland fern flora in China, fern in Songyang is not rich enough. There are 37 species endemic to China in Songyang.

结果表明，松阳蕨类植物共有38科72属161种7变种；优势科为鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科、水龙骨科、金星蕨科、卷柏科、铁角蕨科，优势属为鳞毛蕨属、卷柏属、铁角蕨属、复叶耳蕨属、凤尾蕨属、短肠蕨属、瘤足蕨属；科的分布以世界分布和泛热带分布为主，属的分布以泛热带分布为最多，种以东亚分布类型为主，特别是中国—日本分布类型最多，表现出亚热带向暖温带过渡的特点；本区与邻近地区蕨类植物区系关系的密切程度由大到小依次为西南、华南、华中、日本、华北、西北、东北；与邻近的6个山地蕨类植物区系的亲缘关系密切，可以划为同一自然区；与国内11山地蕨类植物区系相比，松阳的蕨类植物丰富程度不高；松阳拥有37种中国特有蕨类植物及一些珍稀蕨类植物，有较高的保护价值。

PR content of the mixed type was higher than that of the hyperplastic t ype; and the PR content of the hyperplastic type was higher than that of the atr ophic type. The relationship between ER and PR contents of the vulvar dystrophy and adjacent normal tissue was in positive correlation. The PR content of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma went down along with the drop of its dedifferentiation degree. The PR content of carcinoma was much lower than that of the adjacent nor mal tissue.

结果：ER的含量混合型高于萎缩型，PR的含量混合型高于增生型，增生型高于萎缩型（ P值均＜0.05）；外阴营养不良及其邻近正常组织的ER与PR的含量之间呈正相关关系（P ＜0 。01），外阴鳞状细胞癌PR的含量随分化程度的降低而逐渐降低，且癌组织PR含量明显低于其邻近的正常组织。

And the direction query efficiency based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index. 2 The algorithms of nearest neighbor and reverse nearest neighbor about point, line and ploygen based on multi-approximate index are proposed after the virous methods of distance measure are discussed in detail. And the query efficiency of NN and RNN based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index. 3 The basic concept of semi-join and the strategy of distance-direction semi-join are introduced. And the model of distance relationship, direction relationship and the bounding for spatial object are discussed. Then the method is presented about how to implement the query of distance-direction semi-join, and the efficiency of the algorithm based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index.

即：1在方向关系矩阵模型、开域方向模型基础上，讨论了基于多重近似索引下的定性与定量方向检索方法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的方向检索效率进行了对比分析；2详细讨论了各种距离度量方法，提出了基于多重近似索引下的点、线、面的最邻近查询和反最邻近查询算法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的最邻近查询和反最邻近查询效率进行比较分析；3介绍了半连接的基本概念，探讨了距离关系、方向关系以及空间对象数量的约束模型，给出了基于多重近似索引下的距离方向半连接实现方法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的距离方向半连接的效率进行了比较分析。

According to the domain organization, the GGDEF-EAL containing proteins (pfam database, version 17.0) were classified into A and B types. Six hundreds and five of the 621 proteins were in A type, which was also found in the ancient bacteria Aquifex aeolicus VF5 suggesting that this is the ancestor of the GGDEF-EAL proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of GGDEF- and EAL- containing proteins in the genome of V. vulnificus YJ016 revealed that GGDEF-EAL proteins were clustered. Comparative analysis of domain organization of the clads in the EAL tree allowed identification of several duplication events. The results indicated that most of the GGDEF- and EAL- containing proteins arised by gene duplication.

根据pfam资料库(Version 17.0)，我们整理同时拥有GGDEF和EAL功能性区域的蛋白质，这些蛋白质可以被区分成两种型态，在总数621个GGDEF-EAL中有高达606个是A型态，而且它在古老的细菌Aquifex aeolicus VF5的基因体中也能找到，因此我们推测它可能是GGDEF-EAL的袓先，藉由分析创伤弧菌中所包含之GGDEF和EAL的演化关系，大部份的GGDEF-EAL会群聚在树型相近的位置，进一步比较在EAL树型上有邻近关系的蛋白质序列，根据他们的长度、与所包含的功能区域，我们找到了一些重制的演化痕迹，这样的结果指出，目前看到大多数的GGDEF 和EAL可能都是经过重制产生。

Firstly, affine covariant neighborhoods of visual words are used to verify the spatial consistency. Secondly, a set of affine transformation matrices between the corresponding covariant regions is calculated, and the matrix with the most inliers is chosen as the best matching affine transformation matrix. In this step, only a single pair of corresponding affine covariant regions is used to calculate the 6 degree of freedom affine transformation for acceleration. In the last step, the spatial consistency is verified by the BMATM.

首先通过视觉关键词仿射协变的空间邻近特征集进行初步空间关系一致性匹配；然后计算对应仿射协变区块的多组可能的仿射变换矩阵，并选择满足区块匹配最多的变换矩阵作为对象与图像之间最终仿射变换矩阵，其中，仅利用一对协变区块来计算自由度为6的仿射变换的算法有效地提高了计算速度和鲁棒性；最后通过计算出的仿射变换矩阵来精确验证对象与图像之间的空间位置关系是否一致。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐