遗传的

While doing the RFLP tagging of giant embryogene,the genome changebetween mutants and its original parent,the relationship between RFLP andheteroses in indica,japonica and intermediate rice,the performance of multipleand null allelism in rice varieties,the utilization of null allelic RFLP probes inidentifying indica and japonica rice specifically,the distribution of the nullallelic RFLP probe RG684 in rice cultivars,and the segregations of RFLPmakers in indica/japonica F2 population were also studied.

本实验从经典遗传、分子遗传、育种潜力评估、育种新品系选育等领域，对巨大胚、甜胚乳、暗胚乳三种新型突变体进行了全面系统研究。在对巨大胚进行分子定位过程中，对涉及到的突变体与原始亲本基因组变化，籼、粳、中间型材料的RFLP多态性与杂种优势之间关系，水稻品种的复等位、零等位表现，鉴定籼、粳特异性的零等位RFLP标记，零等位标记RG684在稻种中分布，RFLP标记在籼粳交F2群体中分离等遗传现象也一并进行了分析。

The genetic structure of Alternaria alternata Keissler was influenced by genetic background of host cultivar, and the genetic structure of isolates from different host cultivar was different.

赤星病菌的遗传结构也随寄主品种的不同而表现出一定的差异，寄主品种的遗传背景影响着赤星病菌的遗传结构。

Genetic analysis were carried out to identify powdery mildew and strip rust resistance genes in the F2 of Am6-4 amphiploid and wheat variety Jinan17. Results showed that resistances to powdery mildew and stripe rust were controlled by a single dominant gene respectively. 124 SSR primers from genome D were used for marker analysis, marker Xgwm98 150(150为下标) from the chromosome 6D was found to be linked to the new powdery mildew resistance gene with a linkage distance 20.42 cM; A special DNA band was amplified by primere xgwm33 in resistant stripe rust plants, resistance gene for stripe rust was localized on chromosome 1D, and the genetic distance between resistance gene and marker is 8.0 cM.

利用Am6-4与济南17F2分离群体进行白粉病和条锈病抗性基因的遗传分析结果证明，Am6-4中的抗白粉病和抗条锈病基因均为单显性基因；以124对D基因组SSR引物进行标记分析，引物Xgwm98在抗白粉病DNA池和单株中能扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗白粉病基因间的遗传距离为20.42cM，并将抗白粉病基因定位于6D染色体；引物Xgwm33能在抗条锈病DNA池和单株中扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗条锈病基因间的遗传距离为8.0cM，并将抗条锈病基因定位于1D染色体。

The effect of QTL mapping was influenced by many factors including population structure and size, number of QTLs, density of genetic markers, heritability of traits etc., especially the genetic and statistic models, so it is essential to select appropriate method according to actual situations before mapping QTLs. In this study, backcross population for QTL mapping was constructed by computer simulation in order to study power of detection and mapping precision of QTLs at different levels of factors.

影响QTL 定位效果的因素很多，包括群体类型、规模、涉及的QTL 数目、遗传标记的密度、性状遗传力等等，特别是分析中使用的遗传和统计模型对QTL 检测和定位有较大的影响。

Second, according to model characteristic, such as non-linear, non-convex, multiple-peaked and so on, the paper discusses limitation of traditional solving algorithm, such as branch and bound method, GBD method and OA method, puts forward penalty function-makeup integer algorithm and genetic algorithm, analyses procedures of genetic algorithm, such as selection, crossover and mutation, brings forward modifications for specific realized problems of genetic algorithm, such as selection of initial points, operator design, adoptive value adjustment, constraint treatment and so on, and works out correlated solving program.

其次针对该模型非线性、非凸、多峰等特点，讨论了分支定界法、GBD法和OA法等传统求解算法的局限性，提出了罚函数一凑整算法和遗传算法的求解思路，对遗传算法的选择、交叉、变异等过程进行分析，对遗传算法初始点选择、算子设计、适应值调整和约束处理等具体实现问题提出了改进措施，并编制了相关的求解程序。

Based on present work of genetic algorithms, the arising process of incest and premature convergence is discussed. The operating efficiency of genetic algorithms is analyzed from different view of points, and the conclusion is drawn from the analysis that there exists a lot of caducous operation during the evolution in the case of premature convergence.

在遗传算法现有研究成果的基础上，讨论了近亲繁殖和早熟收敛的产生过程，并从不同角度对遗传算法的操作效率进行了分析，得出在早熟收敛的情况下遗传操作存在大量无效操作的结论； 3。

The course starts with reviews on the development of statistical genetics and genetic marker analysis, focuses on the basic principles of contraction of genetic map and mapping QTL, and introduces the approaches to construct genetic map for different type of populations and mapping QTL aiming at type of populations and traits.

本课程从评述数量性状研究方法和遗传标记的发展历程开始，着重讲授遗传图谱构建和基因定位的基本原理，介绍不同类型群体遗传图谱的构建方法和针对不同类型群体和性状类型的基因定位方法。

Genetic Algorithm is an important intelligent algorithm. We use this algorithm to solve the one-dimensional cutting stock problem after analyzing GA from the view of application.

遗传算法。本文从应用的角度对遗传算法做了认真的分析和研究，然后将其应用于一维下料问题的求解，提出了一种基于遗传算法的求解方法。

Self-learn the relationship between Pharmacogenetics and diseases.

遗传药理学了解遗传药理学的基本含义。自学遗传研究的内容与疾病的关系。

Based on the analysis of basic characteristics and basic contents of Genetic Algorithm , some defects of GA will be pointed out.

在分析了遗传算法基本特征和基本研究内容的基础上，分析了遗传算法的基本缺陷，提出了遗传算法的几个改进方法。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。