遗传特性

The method of estimation in paper [7] is to build fitness function by the 2-norm of error matrix directly. For the error matrix is a Toeplitz matrix, a novel fitness function was presented. Then a new method, the real-valued genetic algorithm which is based on genes weights variation independently, is developed in this paper.

文献[7]提出的估计方法直接以误差矩阵的2范数建立适应度函数，文中利用该矩阵是Toeplitz矩阵的特性，构造了一个新的适应度函数，提出了一种基于基因分量独立变异的实数遗传算法。

Under the condition of the following factors concerning the optimization models:the investment cost, operating cost, unfair cost, payment evade cost, drivers' extra cost and environmental pollution cost, this paper raises the optimized models of multi-modes payment of toll collection system and its algorithm is proposed by SAGA hybrid optimization strategy, which can simultaneously optimize the following results: the optimum locations of toll stations, numbers of toll stations, the numbers of different tolling modes' tollgates of every toll station, ETC users' discount rate, and can estimate the installation rate of TAG of every toll station, the actual traffic flow capacity of different tollgate, can obtain the best toll collection system under the different simulated decision conditions.

本文充分考虑了驾驶员缴费技术选择与缴费车道选择的特性，提出了驾驶员缴费方式随机选择模型；在考虑了收费系统的投资成本、营运成本、不公平成本、漏收成本、驾驶员的额外成本和环境污染成本等因素的基础上，提出了多收费方式收费系统的优化模型，提出采用模拟退火遗传算法进行收费系统寻优的算法，可同时优化出一个收费系统的收费站位置与数量、不同收费站不同收费方式的收费车道数和ETC用户的折扣率等参数，可估算不同收费站TAG的安装率、不同收费车道实际使用量，可模拟不同决策情境下的最佳系统资源配置方案。

In this thesis, the uncertain railway parcel transport service network design problem was systematically researched firstly.

根据问题的特性，设计了一种基于模拟技术的遗传算法以求解所建立模型的近似最优解。

The holistic design of the system and resolved the designs of software and hardware based on VXI bus are put forward according to the demand of test system. The hardware and software is designed, including the formation and design of hardware system, visual instrument software architecture, program design for instrument driver, high speed real-time data collection. In the dynamic test program, the idea of"software is instrument"was applied to meet the diverse test demands. Last, it is proposed that the VXI test system be developed to more totalization and networked. The basic theory of system identification was introduced briefly at first. The principle of spectrum analysis system identification based on Wiener-Hopf equation was expatiated. and the questions in applying Peusdo Random signal as spectrum analysis methods stimulate signal was studied, The generation principle of the peusdo random signal is researched, the characteristic of peusdo random are analyzed from time domain and frequency domain, the inverse repeat peusdo random signal is brought forward to make up the shortage of ordinary peusdo random signal. And a new chaos genetic algorithmis presented to solve the unprecise problem of the traditional method. In the servo valve dynamic characteristic test system, the spectrum analysis methods was applied successfully, the servo valve dynamic characteristic could be acquired rapidly and exactly, the test results were analyzed and the ameliorate methods were brought forward at last.

结合航天某集团液压测试中心测试系统的需求，提出了基于VXI总线的液压测试系统的整体设计方案，完成了测试系统的硬件设计与软件设计，包括硬件系统构成与设计、虚拟仪器软件结构、仪器驱动程序设计、高速同步实时数据采集等内容；以伺服阀动态特性测试为例设计了测试模块，该模块体现了VXI总线仪器软件开发所倡导的"虚拟仪器"的思想，以软件的灵活应用满足了不同的测试需求；结合自动测试系统的发展，研究了VXI测试系统与网络技术结合，实现各种软硬件资源共享，进一步提高设备及数据的利用率和系统的扩展性，使自动测试向综合化、网络化方向发展；研究了伪随机信号作为谱分析法辨识的激励信号时存在的问题，讨论了伪随机信号的产生机理，从频域和时域分析了伪随机信号的性质及其应用，提出了用逆重复伪随机信号弥补了普通伪随机信号的不足，并以混沌遗传算法对逆重复伪随机信号产生过程中的参数进行优化，可以更合理而不是凭经验产生需要的逆重复伪随机信号。

The 4 nucleotides of DNA sequences can be further encoded with two - bit digits in which t he first bit is the base bit to encode purines and pyrimidines and the second bit is the functional group bit to encode the keto group and amino group. According to the degree of degeneracy of genetic codes and the two dimension distribution of molecular weights and isoelectricpoints of amino acids , a set of classification graph(Venn' s diagram) of amino acids can be obtained. It is suggested that the amino acids of high degenerate group are mostly small and simple, and constitute the transmembranic structure or the structural domains of protein molecules. So amino acids of high degenerate group might appear in the early evolution stage.

根据氨基酸遗传密码子的简并程度并以分子量及等电点作为氨基酸的化学特性坐标，作出其二维集合MP分类图，根据氨基酸的分类分析，可以认为：高简并度氨基酸多数是脂烃类和羟脂烃类的氨基酸，分子量比较小，分子结构比较简单，大部分为疏水性，主要组成跨膜结构或蛋白质的结构域，可能是出现较早的氨基酸；而低简并度的氨基酸，分子结构比较复杂，分子量比较大，多数是和蛋白质功能有密切联系的基团，可能是进化出现较晚的结构。

However, fully understanding the genetic backgrounds and biological characters of weedy rice is the prerequisite for effective control.

但有效的治理杂草稻必须以充分掌握杂草稻的遗传背景和生物学特性为前提。

In order to obtain highly efficient H_2-producing aciduric anaerobic strain, a hydrogen producing strain H-8 was irradiated by microwave, the microwave mutagenesis parameters were optimized, and the genetic stability, hydrogen-producing potential and acid resistance of the mutant were investigated.

为获得厌氧产氢菌的高效突变株，以产氢菌H-8为原始菌株进行微波诱变处理，对微波诱变参数进行了优化，考察了突变株的遗传稳定性、产氢特性及耐酸性。

Enterobacter aerogenes was irradiated by He-Ne laser to optimize the laser mutagenesis condition, and to test the heredity, aciduric and hydrogen-producing potential of the mutant.

运用He-Ne激光辐照产气肠杆菌，对激光诱变参数进行优化，考察了突变株的遗传稳定性、耐酸性和产氢特性。

Especially, under the condition of desert-expanding and habitant-destroying, the studying on the genetic structure of Aristida pennata populations is very important to understand the population persistence style of the grass in the Desert.

羽毛三芒草遗传结构反映了它克隆繁殖的特性以及对沙漠恶劣环境良好的适应性。

The results showed that the Shannon-weaver index of genetic diversity ranged from 1.3647 to 2.9964 and the Simpson index from 0.6111 to 0.9326, which indicated that the Cerasus has abundant genetic diversity.

同时在两大类内又将品种进行细分，第Ⅰ类分为3组，第Ⅱ类分为2组，其结果与地理分布有一定的相关性，能够反映樱桃的遗传特点及区域特性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。