遗传效应

In the genetic analysis models, non-genetic factors were main effects of birth year, birth month, lambing year, lambing month, age and parity. Birth year, age, lambing year and parity had significant influence on litter size and prolificacy.

其中被筛选的固定效应为出生年份(11个水平)、出生月份(2 个水平)、产羔年份(14 个水平)、产羔月份(3 个水平)、年龄(8 个水平)和胎次(8 个水平)等6 个非遗传因素的主效应。

The results showed that the general combining abilityand specific comb ining abilityvariations were significant,and the inheritance of grain filling traits were controlled by additive and nonadditive effects.

结果表明，籽粒灌浆性状的GCA和SCA均方达显著水平，说明籽粒灌浆性状的遗传受基因加性效应和非加性效应共同作用。

稀有物种,生境损失和灭绝(V1) Founder effect This term describes the establishment of a new population by one or a few individual, resulting in low levels of genetic variation and often a disproportionate number of alleles that are rate in the parent population.

Genetic bottleneck 建立者效应建立者效应描述由一个或几个个体建立新种群，导致低水平的遗传变异和在亲本种群中稀少的等位基因的经常不成比例的数量。

The analysis of Wr+Vr showed that the additive effect was major and the susceptibility was partially dominant.The inheritance of resistance in the highly resistant accessions(Calhoun Gray、Sugerlee) to race1 conform to a single dominant gene conditioned the resistance and there was significant correlation between the genes controlling the characters.

试验结果表明：西瓜对枯萎病抗性是由隐性多基因控制，其遗传符合加性-显性模型，加性效应比显性效应更为重要，且感病对抗病表现为部分显性，显性方向指向增效，隐性基因为减效，在所有亲本中所携带的隐性基因比显性基因多。

Porphyridium cruentum were treated with some antibiotics which were used as genetic selected marks in genetic engineering. The results showed that the algae cells could resist high concentration of Penicillin,Streptomycin,Gentamicin and Kanamycin, without any influence at the dose below 100 u/mL of which can kill bacterium adhere to the algae cells . These antibiotics can be used to repress bacterium in purifying algae strain.Porphyridium cruentum is high sensitive to Erythromycin,Terramycin and Ofloxacin....

研究了基因工程中常用抗生素标记对紫球藻的生物学效应，结果表明紫球藻对青霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素以及卡那霉素较不敏感，剂量在100u/mL以下对其生长无显著影响，但能抑制或杀灭伴生的杂菌，因此这些抗生素可用于藻种纯化过程中抑菌；紫球藻对红霉素、氧氟沙星和土霉素非常敏感，低质量浓度就能杀死藻细胞，可用作基因工程或遗传育种的抗药性选择标记；对四环素和氯霉素较为敏感，明显抑制细胞生长，并呈浓度梯度效应。

Firstly, the course reviews the basic knowledge about matrix algebra and linear model, and introduce the BLUP for mixed linear model, then, learn the approaches to contruct and solve various animal models, including single trait animal model, repeatability model, maternal model, threshold model, random regression model, non-additive model and multiple traits model, finally, train application of animal model to animal genetic evaluation by means of a software on estimation of breeding values.

本课程首先回顾有关矩阵代数和线性模型的基础知识，介绍线性混合模型的BLUP求解方法，然后根据动物性状和动物育种资料的类型和特点，具体讲授不同种类动物模型，包括单性状动物模型、单性状重复率模型、单性状母体效应模型、单性状阈模型、单性状随机回归模型、单性状非加性效应模型和多性状动物模型等的建立和求解方法。最后，结合动物育种值估计软件，进行动物模型在动物生产性能的遗传评估中的应用训练。

Cytogenetic damage may be caused by the long-term exposure of low levels of antineoplastic drugs and ionizing radiation in the work environment.

对电离辐射的遗传损伤效应的研究一直受到人们的重视，而抗癌药物对环境的污染可能造成的损伤效应往往被人们忽视。

In showed super dominant effect and dominant effect had main action in Sorghum × Sudan heterotic basis.

超显性效应和显性效应在高丹草杂种优势的遗传基础中占主导地位。

The reason of "horse-shoe effect" is that the χ^2 distance measurement in correspondent analysis usually overrates the effect of the low frequencye genes.

蹄型效应&经常会歪曲潜在遗传结构的真实形态，其产生的主要原因是对应分析中的x2距离不相似测度高估了稀有基因的作用，除趋势对应分析对&蹄型效应有明显的校正作用。

The superdominance effect and the dominance effect took the main function in the genetic basis of heterois of sorghum x sudan grass.

超显性效应和显性效应在高丹草杂种优势的遗传基础中占有主导地位。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。