遗传性状

Basing on our early stage research work about collection and description of sugarcane germplasm and the aided project of Yunnan Natural Science Fund (2001 C0015Q), the wild species Erianthus fulvus, which has good characters, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, higher Brix and less chromosome number, was utilized for the first time through intergeneric hybridization with sugarcane cultivar. Its F_1 hybrids were appraised with some new techniques and methods for germplasm enhancement.

本研究在课题组考察采集和保育鉴定甘蔗野生种质资源的前期工作基础上，依托云南省自然科学基金资助项目(2001C0015Q)，首次利用具有特异优良性状(抗旱、耐寒、锤度高、染色体数目少)的蔗茅野生种与甘蔗栽培种或品种进行属间远缘杂交，扩大甘蔗遗传多样性；采用新技术、新方法对蔗茅杂种F_1代材料进行早期鉴定评价研究，筛选具有育种价值的新种质，为进一步选育生态适应性广、抗逆性强、丰产高糖的甘蔗新品种奠定物质基础。

The results showed that karyotypic type of Ya01-21was 2n=104＝100m+4sm（4SAT）, Chromosome length ratio of the longest and the shortest 4.25, the average arm-ratio 1.35, belonging to 2C type of chromosome. Molecule identified combine with chromosome studied indicated that Ya01-21 was a progenies of Erianthus arundinaceum. following the law of n+n; ITS identify showed that Ya01-21 is a progenies of Erianthus arundinaceum, the somatic chromosome karyotypic type of Ya01-36 was 2n=132＝130m+2sm, Chromosome length ratio of the longest and the shortest 3.94, the average arm-ratio 1.27, belonging to 2B type of chromosome, combining the advance of characters the law of 2n+n can be resumed.

研究结果表明，崖城01－21的体细胞染色体核型公式为2n＝104＝100m+4sm（4SAT），最长与最短染色体的长度比为4.25，平均臂比1.35，染色体属2C型，分子鉴定结合细胞学研究认为其为斑茅的真实后代，其染色体遗传为n+n；崖城01－36经ITS签定为真实杂种，其体细胞染色体核型公式为2n＝132＝130m+2sm，最长与最短染色体的长度比为3.94，平均臂比1.27，染色体属2B型，结合其性状的进展，推断亲本向其传递染色体可能以2n+n的方式进行。

The hereditability of chest diameter is the largest both in half-sib families and clones.N, P and K are three necessary nutritive elements of all plants, which are very important to the growth of plants.

在两片测试林中都以胸径的遗传力为最高，说明胸径在白榆中是遗传性最强的一个性状。N、P、K是一切植物生长所必需的大量营养元素，对植物的生长起着重要的作用。

The hereditability ofmost characters of clones is over 0.8 except for dry weight and transpiration rate.

在后者中，除单叶干重和蒸腾速率遗传力较小外，其它性状都在0.8以上。

Plant traits were categorized to three classes: the first class traits were dominated by major gene with little genetic effect of polygene, including days from sowing to flowering, days from sowing to boll opening, lint percent, days from squaring to flowering, days from flowering to boll opening and plant bolls. The hereditability of major gene and polygene were about 36. 85%～66. 79% and 2. 83%～12. 64%, respectively.

通过对短季棉早熟及其相关性状的主-多基因综合分析发现：主基因普遍存在，各时期至少有一对主基因起主要作用，同时受多基因的修饰，在短季棉发育的不同时期，其主基因的对数、作用效果、方向以及主、多基因的遗传率均不同。

New strains with high protein and fatty acid and high yield could be selected by HAB.The characteristics of these variations in the new strain is hereditable.

经高空气球搭载可选育出高产、蛋白质和脂肪含量高新品种，这些新品种的性状变异在后代中能够表达，可以遗传。

Surveys of their cocoon and filament quality show variations compared with control plot, found a mutant that has hereditable character. All those indicated that He-Ne laser has distinct inductive effects on mulberry wild silkworm.

丝质调查与对照相比也有差异，产生显著差异的个体，能继代遗传，显示He--Ne激光辐照对野桑蚕生理生化性状有明显影响。

A mutant strain with high yield of Nisin, which was hereditarily stable, was obtained by the astronautics mutagenesis breeding technology.

通过航天诱变育种技术，获得一株乳链菌肽高产菌株SPA2222，该菌株在遗传稳定性状上是稳定的。

These studies revealed themolecular hereditism background of growth difference between three fishes of siniperca whichwere farmed in China as well as established foundation for molecular breeding of mandarinfish.

这些研究从生长激素基因的角度揭示了三种常见养殖鳜类间生长性状差异的分子遗传背景，为鳜鱼的分子育种奠定了基础。

In order to get high yield, the individual biomass and related factors (height, tillers and leaves number) were located on the chromosomes and analyzed genetic effect with QTLs. The heterotic vigor was discussed.

为提高育种中对牧草产量性状优良基因型选择的效率，对高丹草的单株产量及其构成因素进行QTL定位，确定其在染色体的位置及其遗传效应，探讨其杂种优势产生原因。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。