遗传性状

The results showed the resistance was controlled by at least two pairs of genes, and was incompletely recessive. Effect of backcross was very significant and that of reciprocal cross was not. Resistance was dominated by nuclear genes, narrow inheritability was comparatively high. The resistance was in keeping with additive-dominance model, and dominance was dominating, and showed a quantitative character.

结果表明：苦瓜对白粉病的抗性受两对以上基因控制，两对主基因抗病相对感病为不完全隐性，回交效应极显著，正反交效应差异不显著，抗病性主要受核基因控制，两对主基因的狭义遗传力较高，符合加性－显性模型，加性效应较大，抗性效应在亲本和F1间存在极显著正相关，表现为数量性状遗传的特点。

In order to reduce calculation error, the frequency distribution of average values is used to compute the mixed distribution's digital features of each component distribution, thereinto, the number of the component distribution is determined by AIC, choose the number that meets the minimum value of AIC as the component number of mixed distribution, and the other parameters are estimated by EM algorithm; Secondly, because each component distribution is corresponding to a kind of major gene genotype, according to the values of the average and variance of the each component distribution, we can use the limit error of the normal distribution to plot each individual into the correspondent component distribution, namely into correspondent major gene genotype. Then we regard each major gene genotype as a treatment level of one-way analysis of variances, and the one-way multivariate analysis of variance is carried out to calculate the covariance matrix of major gene effect, covariance matrix of polygene effect, covariance matrix of environment effect and so on; At last, combining the weights of the each component distribution of mixed distribution, we can calculate the variance of major gene effect, the variance of polygene effect, environmental variance and the genetic gain of the quantitative trait.

为减小计算误差，本研究采用均值的频数分布来计算各成分分布的数字特征，其中成分分布个数根据AIC准则，选择使AIC值达到最小的成分分布个数作为混合分布的成分分布数，分布中其它参数的确定利用EM算法来估计；其次，每个成分分布对应一种主基因基因型，根据各个成分分布的均值和方差，利用正态分布的极限误差将每个个体划分到相应的成分分布中，即相应的主基因基因型中，将每种主基因型作为单因素方差分析的一个处理水平，对其进行单因素的多元方差分析，分别计算主基因效应协方差阵、多基因效应协方差阵、环境协方差阵等参数；最后结合混合分布中各成分分布的权重即各主基因基因型的分离比例，计算主基因效应方差，多基因效应方差和环境方差，以及遗传力等参数，进而计算该数量性状的遗传进展。

This article adopted the cluster analysis method of the genetic distance of principal components toclassify 6 quantitative characteristics of 91 provenances of 13－year-old Pinus massoniana on 3 determinationlocalities of Taoyuan,Weimin and Luoshan,divided these provenances into 4 evident classes and selected 18fast growing and strongly comprehensive fine provenances.

马尾松种源遗传距离聚类分析傅玉狮摘要本文采用主成份遗传距离聚类分析法，对桃源、卫闽、罗山3个测定点的13年生的马尾松91个种源的6个数量性状进行分类，划分为4个明显的类群，评选出18个速生、综合性强的优良种源。关键词马尾松；地理种

The sparse character is autosomal recessive inheritance which is controlled by monogenic, and its heredity rule is completely consistent with Mendelian inheritance.

KM鼠稀毛性状，是受单基因控制的常染色体隐性遗传。其遗传规律完全符孟德尔的独立分离定律。

Prom the differences among these hybrids, the basic genetic parameters of quatitative characters were estimated for the two parent's population apart.

优良自交系亚总体各性状的遗传方差则普遍减小，说明其遗传基础更为狭窄。所以，为了不断地育出更好的自交系间杂种，迫切需要补充新的基因源。

The heredity of parthenocarpy was correspondent with the additive-dominant model, the additive effect was major.

黄瓜单性结实性状遗传符合"加性－显性"遗传模型，以加性效应为主。

But more and more experimental data and QTL mapping showed that there exist major genes of large genetic effect besides the polygene with samll effect in quantitative traits.

但越来越多的试验数据和QTL作图结果表明，控制数量性状的基因体系中既有遗传效应较小的微效多基因，又有遗传效应较大的主基因。

With the developing of statistical ideas in genetics and the spreading of computer, major gene and polygene mixed inheritance of quantitative trait is studied and applied extensively, and it has been researched seven kinds of mixed inheritance model by now.

随着现代统计学思想在遗传学领域的渗透以及计算机的普及和发展，数量性状的主基因-多基因混合遗传模型得到了广泛的研究和应用，现已完整的研究了7类混合遗传模型。

This paper deals with the photosynthetic ability of the leafy germplasm and major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model is applied to the genetic analysis of the leafy trait.

本研究着重研究了该种质的光合性能、利用前景，并运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析了多叶性状的遗传规律。

Protein content is important traits in evaluation of nutrient quality of rice. Most of crop traits are quantitative in nature, which are controlled by polygene. Its very important for rice nutrient quality breeding improvement to map quantitative trait loci of brown rice protein content.

蛋白质含量是评价稻米品质的一项重要指标，控制水稻糙米蛋白质含量的基因位点是数量性状，检测水稻糙米蛋白质含量的QTL并进行遗传效应分析对于水稻品质遗传育种具有重要的意义。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。