遗传影响

The effect of QTL mapping was influenced by many factors including population structure and size, number of QTLs, density of genetic markers, heritability of traits etc., especially the genetic and statistic models, so it is essential to select appropriate method according to actual situations before mapping QTLs. In this study, backcross population for QTL mapping was constructed by computer simulation in order to study power of detection and mapping precision of QTLs at different levels of factors.

影响QTL 定位效果的因素很多，包括群体类型、规模、涉及的QTL 数目、遗传标记的密度、性状遗传力等等，特别是分析中使用的遗传和统计模型对QTL 检测和定位有较大的影响。

Ecological analysis of morphological and genetic variation revealed that:(1) The averages of morphological characters were significantly negatively correlated with WSF (2) Dominant frequencies of some RAPD loci were significantly correlated with WSF (3) The correlation between morphological variation and genetic variation was not significant (4) The cluster analysis based on morphological and genetic evidence supported that all population can be divided into three ecotypes: saltmarsh reed, freshwater reed and giant reed.

相关分析表明：种群内各形态特征的平均值均与水盐联合影响因子显著负相关，但种群内形态变异系数与水盐联合影响因子普遍相关不显著；种群遗传多样性指数与水盐联合影响因子相关不显著，但部分生境倾向型的RAPD位点的显性频率和来自等位酶分析的克隆多样性水平与水盐联合影响因子显著相关；形态变异系数与遗传多样性指数相关不显著，但相关系数均为正值。

However, the level of admixture through the cattle introgression in the yak populations was low, on average of 0.8%, and with no clear geographic pattern.

在基因组水平上，黄牛对于牦牛群体的遗传影响很小(0.8%)。

The environment affected greatly on the genetics of the node of the first female flower bud in luffa.

环境对第1雌花节位的遗传影响较大，要不断地对第1雌花节位进行选择。

Third, the results also revealed that the toddlers'rhythmicity, intensity of reaction, quality of mood and the parenting style of punishment were always lead to the incidence of the deregulation incidence of social-emotional development. In the end, the binary logistic result told us that toddlers'gender, age, apporoach and withdrawal, persistence, threshold of responsiveness, the parenting of refused, encourage independence and explore and low-voltage-induced all can lead to the incidence of the competence.(2) The degree of effect caused by genetic and environmental factors on the toddlers'social - emotional development were revealed by the structural equation model.

研究结果1。两分类logistic回归分析发现，影响中国幼儿情绪社会性外显问题的生物遗传及环境因素有年龄、性别、活动水平、趋避性及适应性，母亲文化程度、拒绝及惩罚的家庭教养方式；影响内隐问题的遗传及环境因素有年龄、活动水平、趋避性、情绪本质及拒绝、关注与保护、控制施压的家庭教养方式；影响失调问题的遗传及环境因素有节律性、反应强度、情绪本质及惩罚的教养方式；影响能力问题的遗传及环境因素有性别、趋避性、坚持性、反应阈、家庭收入、接纳、拒绝及低压诱导的家庭教养方式。2。

Although the disease has a strong genetic component, a growing body of research shows that healthy behaviors can lower risk .

尽管该病很大程度上有遗传影响，但越来越多的人体研究表明健康的行为能降低病发风险。

The phenomena of Barren Ear Tip of maize occurs when kernels on the tip of maize ear failed to form or unfertile.

玉米果穗顶部不能形成种子或部分种子败育而导致秃尖，秃尖受遗传影响较大，并对光合作用的依赖性很强。

Asymmetric over-introgression of the indica alleles on chromosome 7 and many specific regions on other chromosomes in the japonica genetic background is consistent with the general trend observed in the RIL and F_2 populations of the same cross, suggesting a high genetic load in the japonica gene pool, and japonica genome experienced a very severe bottleneck by artificial domestication.2 Genetic background effect on QTL expression of grain weight and its related traitsGenetic background effect on main-effect QTL and digenic epistatic QTL mapping for GWT and its related traits including GL, GW and GT was dissected by a large set of reciprocal introgression lines and recombinant inbred lines derived from Lemont and Teqing in Beijing environment.

籼粳相互导入具有不对称性，粳稻向籼稻背景的平均导入频率与期望值相仿，相反籼稻向粳稻背景的平均导入频率大大高于理论预期，位于第7染色体和一些其它染色体的特殊区段存在籼稻等位基因的超导入现象，在来自相同亲本的重组自交系和F_2群体中也观察到同样的导入趋势，表明粳稻基因组具有较大的遗传负荷，粳稻品种在人工驯化过程中曾经历过一个非常剧烈的遗传瓶颈。2水稻籽粒相关性状的主效和互作QTL表达的遗传背景效应利用Lemont和特青培育的双向导入系和重组自交系群体，在北京环境下定位影响千粒重及其相关性状如粒长、粒宽和粒厚的主效和互作QTL，分别在特青背景导入系、Lemont背景导入系和重组自交系下检测到影响千粒重及其相关性状的主效QTL分别为33个、27个和13个，互作QTL分别为4个、8个和23个，其中仅有6个主效QTL(QGwt5，QGl1，QGl3b，QGl4，QGw7和QGw8)在籼粳两个不同背景下共同表达，3个主效QTL(QGwt5，QGwt7a和QGt5)在导入系和重组自交系中共同表达，分别占检测到影响这些性状QTL总数的11.1%和4.3%，未检测到在3个背景下相同表达的互作QTL。

Besides, it is consistent with the asymmetrical gene flow from monogynous to polygynous populations through males in monogyne..Therefore, the cuticular chemicals can not be cluster well between monogynous and polygynous ants, and the variance of chemicals of the latter is higher than those of the former.

由於这些化学物质的合成受到遗传影响，这种现象显示两个涵义，第一个是单蚁后社会型的工蚁对其他蚁后有强烈的排他性而造成的选汰压力导致其遗传结构上较为均质，另一个涵义显示单蚁后社会型的遗传组成可藉由雄蚁将其基因带入多蚁后社会型的遗传组成，但反之则不然；因此二者之间无法分群，且后者的遗传变异较前者为大。

Luxating patellas commonly have hereditary influences that result in improperly formed joint surfaces and muscle and tendon tension angles.

luxating patellas常见的有遗传影响的结果，在不当的联合，形成表面和肌肉及肌腱的紧张局势的角度。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。