遗传学的

To better understand the roles of LsrA protein in nodulation, a series of analyses of nodules using scanning electron microscopy, genetic and biochemical approaches have been carried out. Our analyses suggest that the lsrA1 nodules contain bacteroids in the invasion and establishing zone only. The lsrA gene expression is active early in the invasion zone and activated later than bacA genes. The lost of LsrA protein dramatically reduced the expression of nifA and fixK, and completely blocked the expression of the nifH gene for nitrogenase. LsrA protein functions early in the bacteroid development and it is essential for the development nitrogen fixing bacteroids.

前期的工作中，苜蓿中华根瘤菌Rm1021中90个候选LysR基因已经被定向插入突变，并筛选在自生生长时期、共生生长时期的表型，以期寻找更多在自生状态或共生固氮中有功能的LysR转录因子。1 针对前期鉴定出的共生固氮必需的lsrA基因，我们应用了一系列扫描电子显微镜技术、生物化学、分子遗传学等方法，发现lsrA基因主要在根瘤侵染区开始表达，表达时序也在侵染阶段左右，但晚于bacA基因表达；LsrA蛋白缺失后根瘤固氮区中缺乏具有固氮能力的类菌体，nifA和fixK基因的转录水平降低，nifH基因的转录被完全阻断，因此LsrA蛋白为根瘤发育所必需，是新的根瘤发育信号传导途径成员。2 通过表型筛选我们鉴定了苜蓿中华根瘤菌的oxyR基因，并研究了它的调节特性。oxyR突变后，苜蓿中华根瘤菌对过氧化氢敏感性提高，适应性降低。

The journal covers abstracts of the world's literature on insects and other arthropods which transmit diseases or are otherwise injurious to man and to animals of significance to man, with subject on arthopods which are disease vendors, haematophagous, ectoparasitic, agents of myiasis, allergenic, associated with carrion or dung, venomous or toxic, or otherwise of public health importance, including physiology, taxonomy, ecology, genetics, molecular biology, immunology, disease transmission pest management, pesticides, entomopathogens, parasites and predators.

杂志刊载世界各地传播疾病或对于人类重要的其他对人类和动物有害的疾病的昆虫和节肢动物方面文献的摘要，主题涉及传播疾病的，吸血的，外寄生的，蝇蛆病的媒介，引起过敏的，以及腐肉，粪便，有毒的节肢动物，或其他的与公共卫生有重要关系的方面内容，包括生理学，分类学，生态学，遗传学，分子生物学，免疫学，疾病传播昆虫的管理，杀虫剂，昆虫病原微生物，寄生虫和食肉动物。

Those who seek to halt genetics in itstracks may soon learn that lesson anew, as rogue scientists performexperiments in defiance of well-intended bans.

那些寻找停止遗传学在它自己的轨道上的，也许很快就能学到重新的一课，由于流氓科学家进行的不顾那些用心良苦的禁令的试验。

If they can tease out the physiological, genetic and chemical causes of hyperphagia among people with disorders, that knowledge may prove a potent tool in combating obesity in the general population.

如果他们能发现患有贪食症的人群的生理学、遗传学及化学病因，这就能为广大人群对抗肥胖提供潜在的可能。如JIM KANE所说的：我们为大众的健康而作个体的研究。

It has been predicted by molecular genetics that the tumorigenesis due to one single gene is almost impossible, instead, it is always be a result of inactivation of several gene suppressors or activation of oncogenes.

近年来的分子遗传学研究从癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的角度，提出单个基因的改变不能造成细胞的完全恶性转化，而是需要多基因的改变，包括几个癌基因的激活和两个或更多肿瘤抑制基因的丧失。

Mild saltationism was rejuvenated with interest in Goldschmidt's genetic hopeful monsters, but a complex saltationism that would significantly leap over transitional forms is pure heresy at the moment.

随着学界对高兹史密特所提出的遗传学上有前途的怪物说的兴趣增温，温和的骤变论一度重又青春焕发，但是，到目前为止，那种将会明显跳过过渡形态的复杂骤变说，却还仍然是一种纯粹的异端。

Mild saltationism was rejuvenated with interest in Goldschmidt's genetic hopeful monsters, but a complex saltationism that would significantly leap over transitional forms is pure heresy at the moment.

虽然温和的突变论因为对于Goldschmidt所提出的遗传学上有希望成功的怪物的兴趣而重新获得了青春，但是，到目前为止，那种认为完全不需要过渡形态就可以产生重大跳跃的复杂突变理论，却还仍然是一种纯粹的异端。

Mild saltationism was rejuvenated with interest in Goldschmidt's genetic hopeful monsters, but a complex saltationism that would significantly leap over transitional forms is pure heresy at the moment.

虽然温和的突变论因为对于高兹史密特所提出的遗传学上有希望成功的怪物的兴趣而重新获得了青春，但是，到目前为止，那种认为完全不需要过渡形态就可以产生重大跳跃的复杂突变理论，却还仍然是一种纯粹的异端。

Well, there was once a great Soviet agronomist named Trofim Lysenko who had demonstrated that "environmental pressure" can effect eugenic changes (as that in the classical genetics of Gregor Mendel, 1822-1884) like the sowing of winter wheat in spring by first soaking the seeds in warm water and burying them in the snow for the winter for sowing in the spring, all to achieve a better crop and a 25% higher-yield harvest from season to season.

话前苏联有一个伟大的农学家名新科(主新科学的意思，原名 Trofim Lysenko)，发现孟德尔(Gregor Johann Mendel， 1822-1884)的古典遗传学是一翻废话，而〝环境压〞可快速达到基因的改造，如冬麦的春化，将冬麦的种籽用温水泡后，储於冰雪下过冬，春播的冬麦在秋割时即会丰收，但比春麦多收25％，而且基因即会优化，代接一代，成为种，这就是社会主义天堂的春化科学，应用於几乎整个天堂社会﹕包括教育、医学、政治宣传、军事等等。

Well, there was once a great Soviet agronomist named Trofim Lysenko who had demonstrated that "environmental pressure" can effect eugenic changes (as that in the classical genetics of Gregor Mendel, 1822-1884) like the sowing of winter wheat in spring by first soaking the seeds in warm water and burying them in the snow for the winter for sowing in the spring, all to achieve a better crop and a 25% higher-yield harvest from season to season.

话前苏联有一个伟大的农学家名新科(主学的意思，原名 Trofim Lysenko)，发现孟德尔(Gregor Johann Mendel， 1822-1884)的古典遗传学是一翻废话，而〝环境压〞可快速达到基因的改造，如冬麦的春化，将冬麦的种籽用温水泡后，储於冰雪下过冬，春播的冬麦在秋割时即会丰收，但比春麦多收 25％，而且基因即会优化，代接一代，成为种，这就是社会主义天堂的春化科学，应用於几乎整个天堂社会﹕包括教育、医学、政治宣传、军事等等。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了