遗传型

The experimental results showed that the com- bining ability was different among characters of different parents.Early maturity of cucumber was controlled by nonadditive effect.

试验表明：不同亲本间各性状的配合力有差异；早熟性以非加性遗传为主，狭义遗传力较低，总产量、雌花节率以加性遗传为主；群体雌花开放期主要取决于基因型。

The results indicate that white feather of White Leghorn chicken and black feather of Shou-Guang chicken are complete dominance heredity to hemp feather of Tibetan chicken. Hemp feather is determinate by two or more than two alleles. Only these two or above two alleles is of concurrence, then hemp feather displays possibly. Id/id allele decided shank color is of sex-linkage inheritance, recessive gene id homozygote has process which expresses gradually. We confirm that genotype of shank color in White Leghorn chicken in this paper is the dominant homozygote.

结果表明，白来航鸡的白羽和寿光鸡的黑羽对藏鸡麻羽的遗传方式是完全显性遗传；麻羽是由两个或两个以上的等位基因决定的，只有同时存在这两个或两个以上的等位基因，才可能表现出麻羽来；决定胫色性状的Id/id基因为伴性遗传，隐性基因id在纯合子时有个逐步表达的过程；本研究证实了所用白来航公鸡胫色性状的基因型为显性纯合子。

Feather color and shank color performance and separated proportion of F1 and F2 were observed. The results indicate that white feather of White Leghorn chicken and black feather of Shou-Guang chicken are complete dominance heredity to hemp feather of Tibetan chicken. Hemp feather is determinate by two or more than two alleles. Only these two or above two alleles is of concurrence, then hemp feather displays possibly. Id/id allele decided shank color is of sex-linkage inheritance, recessive gene id homozygote has process which expresses gradually. We confirm that genotype of shank color in White Leghorn chicken in this paper is the dominant homozygote.

结果表明，白来航鸡的白羽和寿光鸡的黑羽对藏鸡麻羽的遗传方式是完全显性遗传；麻羽是由两个或两个以上的等位基因决定的，只有同时存在这两个或两个以上的等位基因，才可能表现出麻羽来；决定胫色性状的Id/id基因为伴性遗传，隐性基因id在纯合子时有个逐步表达的过程；本研究证实了所用白来航公鸡胫色性状的基因型为显性纯合子。

Using RAPD markers techonolgy analysed the genetic structure of populations and built up the reaction system of SSR markers of Aristida pennata, at the same time, analysed the genetic structure based on SSR markers techonolgy. The research results are as follow:(1) 11 amplifiction random primers were used to detecte 125 loci in 76 samples. The total proportion of polymorphic loci of. Aristida pennata is 96.8%, the average proportion of polymorphic loci of Aristida pennata is 45.3%. The analyses of Shannon diversity index (1,0.5151) and Nei gene diversity index(h, 0.3471) indicate that the gene variation is rich in subpopulations.

Pennata.tirn为研究对象，在阜康，147团及121团周边等7个亚种群采集76个样品，通过RAPD分子标记技术进行亚种群内和种群间的遗传变异分析，并采用SSR技术建立羽毛三芒草的检测技术平台同时进行遗传结构分析，结果表明：(1) 11条RAPD引物检测到76个样品有125个位点，总多态位点百分比为96.8％；亚种群内平均多态位点比为45.3％，香农表型多样性指数(1，0.5151)，Nei's基因多样度指数(h，0.3471)都说明羽毛三芒草种群有较为丰富的遗传变异。

The genetic property of Balilla type is controlled by a pair of dominant nuclear genes, and modified by minor genes. Contrast with curved panicle gene, the erect one is dominant, but may not the complete dominant.

巴利拉型直立穗型品种的穗型遗传受1对主效核基因控制，同时有微效修饰基因参与作用，直立穗型相对于弯曲穗型为显性，但不一定是完全显性。

As to Z1, longjiao 91060-2 and Balilla, the curature of panicle neck is significantly positively correlated with height, and the panicle type gene may link with height.

巴利拉型直立穗型品种的穗型遗传受1对主效核基因控制，同时有微效修饰基因参与作用，直立穗型相对于弯曲穗型为显性，但不一定是完全显性。

Thus the early biparental inheritance might be caused by occational male plastid transmission.

本研究在菜豆不同品种成熟花粉的生殖细胞中都没检测到细胞器DNA，表明父系可遗传的细胞器的排除在不同品种间是一致的，即不存在基因型的影响，我们认为菜豆的早期遗传分析得出的双亲遗传的结论可能是由于雄性质体的偶尔传递。

Embedding the gradient direction search and new kinds of evaluation functions into the Genetic Algorithm, a special hybrid Genetic Algorithm with mutation along the weighted gradient direction to solve non-linear programming problems is developed. Then in Chapt 4, a type of nonlinear programming problems with fuzzy objective and fuzzy resources constraints is discussed, in which the objective is ill-defined and the resources possess two different types of fuzzy resources, i. e., tolerance and imprecision. By way of description and formulation of fuzzy objective and fuzzy resources, the problem with fuzzy objective and two different types of fuzzy resources is modelled into a fuzzy nonlinear programming model FO/RNLP and interpreted as three equivalent alternative crisp model to reflect the variety of the environment and the subjective and preference of the decision maker .

本文首先针对遗传算法在求解非线性规划问题中存在的问题，首次提出非可行点／染色体的主导准可行方向，准可行方向，及非可行点属于可行域的可行度等新概念，借助于模糊思想，提出了描述和度量非可行染色体的新方法；通过嵌入非可行染色体的信息于评价函数中，提出了三种新的评价非可行染色体的评价函数；把传统的启发式方法-梯度方向搜索和新的评价函数嵌入到遗传算法中，提出了一种沿加权梯度方向变异的新型混合式遗传算法；第四章针对生产实际中非清晰定义的模糊目标和两种类型的模糊资源，建立了一类连续型模糊目标／资源约束非线性规划问题的模型FO／RNLP。

The results showed that the clonal reproduction was preponderant, but it has still a high genetic diversity (Ho=0.7148). At the same time, Corylus heterophylla Fisch genetic individual was found. A single cluster was basically a genetic individual; adjacent clusters were basically the same genotype and clonal reproduction has larger percentage.

结果表明：平榛虽然克隆繁殖占有优势，但仍具有较高的遗传多样性(Ho=0.7148)；同时确定了平榛的遗传个体，同1株丛内个体基本上为1个独立的遗传个体，相邻的株丛个体基因型基本一致，克隆繁殖比率较大。

The result ofpairwise Fst and Neutrality tests revealed significant genetic differentiation amongfour populations,and evolution of mtDNA COI gene incompliance with the Neutralitytheory.The genetic distance was the biggest between HEB and JXL,and was thesmallest between SDT and JXL among the 4 populations.

遗传多样性研究采用了线粒体DNA COI基因序列、RAPD和PCR-RFLP三种分子标记研究大猿叶甲4个地理种群的遗传结构和群体遗传多样性。1、对长约335bp的mtDNA COI片段进行序列分析，在4个群体64个个体中，共发现37个单倍型，总变异位点35个，多态位点29个，含量(63.68％)大于含量(36.32％)。4个地理种群的核苷酸多样性指数分别为，0.082、0.035、0.099、0.186。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。