遗传型

The phenotypically uniform indica rice variety IR64 was chosen for study of the source and inheritance of within cultivar residual variation using a set of SSR markers.

用SSR标记对个体间表型一致的籼稻IR64（由育种家提供的种子，简称S0）品种内的残余遗传变异的来源以及变异的遗传模式进行了研究。

The advances and existing problems concerning in genetics especially on the sex-inheritance and tolerance to papaya ring spot virus, the genetic improvement (cross breeding, mutation breeding, introduction breeding, culture in vitro, molecular marker assistant selection and bioengineering) on papaya are reviewed; especially on the sex-inheritance, distant hybridization and embryo culture, and breeding for disease resistance to PRSV with gene engineering are discussed in detail.

就番木瓜的株性和抗病性等性状遗传、杂交育种、人工诱变育种、离体培养、分子标记及基因工程育种等现代生物新技术育种方面的研究进展及相关问题进行了评述，重点综述了番木瓜株性遗传、远缘杂交与胚胎学、基因工程在抗环斑型花叶病毒病品种培育及分子标记辅助选择育种应用的研究进展，并分析了今后番木瓜育种的发展趋势。

The faintest color of the bud color is yellow green. In addition, the variation-coefficient of some morphological traits is very low such as the cotyledon length, the cotyledon width, the cotyledon color, the silique length and so on. The Cluster analysis was based on the morphological data. When the genetic distance was 7.61, 21 accessions were clustered into 4 groups. The accessions of the group 1 had white petal, mezzo flower stalk and the earlier pick period, which is divided into two subgroup when the genetic distance was 5. 98. And the model was Ba39 and Ba35. The accessions in the group 2 had the very slender flower stalk and the middle pick period, that model was Ba27. The accessions of the group 3 had yellow petal, the thin flower stalk and the later pick period, that model was Ba43. The main characters of the group 4 were that it had the latest pick period and many leaves.

基于形态性状的聚类分析，在遗传距离7.61处，把21份芥蓝种质划分为4类，其中类群G1包括14份材料，其植株的生长势中等，株型较为一致，花瓣颜色均为白色，花薹粗细较为适中，平口时期较早，在遗传距离5.98处自然形成2个亚类，分别以Ba39和Ba35为代表；类群G2包括2份材料，即Ba27、Ba33，其植株的生长势较弱，花薹很细，平口时期相对居中，代表材料为Ba27；类群G3包括4份材料，即Ba05、Ba09、Ba38、Ba43，其植株的生长势较弱，子叶颜色、叶柄颜色、花茎颜色、花蕾颜色均为黄绿色，花瓣颜色为黄色，花薹较细，平口时期较晚，代表材料为Ba43；类群G4包括1份材料，即Ba41，其植株的生长势较强，平口时期很晚，并且叶片数很多。

In this paper, we overviewed the relationship between male gametophytic selection and phenotype of its sporophyte, genetic differentiation and its application in plant genetic improvement, so it would be provided reference information for correlated research of male gametophytic selection.

本文主要概述雄配子体选择与孢子体表型的关系、遗传分化效应及其在植物遗传改良中的应用，以期为雄配子选择相关研究提供参考

Then, on the basis of considerable amounts of numerical tests and statistical analysis for truncated generations, the distribution law is revealed with an example of float type genetic algorithms utilized frequently in engineering optimization.

然后，以工程优化中常用的浮点型遗传算法为例，通过大量的数值试验和统计分析揭示了遗传算法进化截止代数分布的规律。

Apparently, the giant panda's evolution from Ursus to Ailuropoda required the change of only a few genetic messages (5 or 6 perhaps), yet the phenotypic and lifestyle change from a standard bear is considerable. The transition could therefore be effected relatively swiftly.

显然，从熊到大熊猫的进化只需要少数遗传信息（也许5或6个遗传信息）的改变；然而，在表型和生活方式上与一头标准熊相比，发生了相当大的改变；而且这种转变过渡可能是相对迅速地达到的。

Flower sex expression of monoecious lines (ATA-A and ATA-B) and andromonoecious lines and their offsprings (F1 and F2 and BC1) was investigated. Results showed that the flower expression character of that monoecious lines of melon was controlled by a pair of genes at one single locus,and the Monoecious character was controlled by the dominant gene.

通过对甜瓜单性花系ATA-A、ATA-B及他们的杂交后代F1、F2、BC1的花性型分离情况进行统计分析研究后认为，甜瓜单性花性状由一对基因控制的质量性状，单性花性状由显性基因所控制，其遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律。

Genetic variation was evaluated using phenotypic traits and RAPD markers in 8 natural populations of Betula luminifera from Fujian Province, China. The relationship between genetic variation and environmental factors was also examined.

采用表型性状测定结合RAPD标记，研究福建境内8个光皮桦野生种群的遗传变异，探讨遗传变异与环境因子间的相关性。

The development of ba sic science such as Mathematics Statistics,Gentics and etc,brought about the ra pid development of applied science such as Group Gentics,Quantitative Gentics,Mo lecular Gentics and so on.Afterwards,many pig breed selection methods such as ap pearance selection,gentic parameter application,index selection,BLUP,gentic mark selection and etc.appearad.Then these methods have been widely applied in bre eding by now.

而数学、统计学、遗传学等基础学科的不断发展，带动了群体遗传学、数量遗传学及分子遗传学的发展，猪的表型选择、遗传参数的应用、指数选择、BLUP法、遗传标记辅助选择等多种选种方法相继问世，并在猪育种实践中得到广泛应用。

In conclusion, analysis of chimeric blood group by using

利用基因分型技术分析开米拉血型能清楚地提示此罕见血型的遗传状态，增进了对此遗传方式的认识。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。