遗传

The key to feature extraction is to select the optimal feature combination from all the features. In this study, the optimal color feature combination,{/G,(R+4G+B)/6, H variance, S variance}, is selected using genetic neural network at first. Then the main texture features including the mean, variance, energy and entropy of the cooccurrence matrix, the secondary texture features including the maximum frequency number, absolute uniform, inertia and importance of the co-occurrence matrix are extracted.

在此基础上，提出适合多阈值和小目标图像分割的免疫遗传图像分割方法，该方法借鉴了生物免疫系统自调节、抗原识别和记忆功能，并结合了遗传算法对图像进行自适应区域的阈值分割，改善了遗传算法优化复杂问题时存在收敛速度慢和易陷于局部最优的不足，克服了传统阈值分割方法对目标大小的限制，是一种新型的有效的图像分割方法。

While doing the RFLP tagging of giant embryogene,the genome changebetween mutants and its original parent,the relationship between RFLP andheteroses in indica,japonica and intermediate rice,the performance of multipleand null allelism in rice varieties,the utilization of null allelic RFLP probes inidentifying indica and japonica rice specifically,the distribution of the nullallelic RFLP probe RG684 in rice cultivars,and the segregations of RFLPmakers in indica/japonica F2 population were also studied.

本实验从经典遗传、分子遗传、育种潜力评估、育种新品系选育等领域，对巨大胚、甜胚乳、暗胚乳三种新型突变体进行了全面系统研究。在对巨大胚进行分子定位过程中，对涉及到的突变体与原始亲本基因组变化，籼、粳、中间型材料的RFLP多态性与杂种优势之间关系，水稻品种的复等位、零等位表现，鉴定籼、粳特异性的零等位RFLP标记，零等位标记RG684在稻种中分布，RFLP标记在籼粳交F2群体中分离等遗传现象也一并进行了分析。

The genetic structure of Alternaria alternata Keissler was influenced by genetic background of host cultivar, and the genetic structure of isolates from different host cultivar was different.

赤星病菌的遗传结构也随寄主品种的不同而表现出一定的差异，寄主品种的遗传背景影响着赤星病菌的遗传结构。

Genetic analysis were carried out to identify powdery mildew and strip rust resistance genes in the F2 of Am6-4 amphiploid and wheat variety Jinan17. Results showed that resistances to powdery mildew and stripe rust were controlled by a single dominant gene respectively. 124 SSR primers from genome D were used for marker analysis, marker Xgwm98 150(150为下标) from the chromosome 6D was found to be linked to the new powdery mildew resistance gene with a linkage distance 20.42 cM; A special DNA band was amplified by primere xgwm33 in resistant stripe rust plants, resistance gene for stripe rust was localized on chromosome 1D, and the genetic distance between resistance gene and marker is 8.0 cM.

利用Am6-4与济南17F2分离群体进行白粉病和条锈病抗性基因的遗传分析结果证明，Am6-4中的抗白粉病和抗条锈病基因均为单显性基因；以124对D基因组SSR引物进行标记分析，引物Xgwm98在抗白粉病DNA池和单株中能扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗白粉病基因间的遗传距离为20.42cM，并将抗白粉病基因定位于6D染色体；引物Xgwm33能在抗条锈病DNA池和单株中扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗条锈病基因间的遗传距离为8.0cM，并将抗条锈病基因定位于1D染色体。

I explored the apanage ownership of biogenetic resources, and put forward the concepts of meta-property right, derived property right and rights of modification of biogenetic resources.

摘 要 本文探讨了生物遗传资源的属地所有权原则，并提出了生物遗传资源的元所有权与衍生所有权、生物遗传资源的修饰权。

After analysis of the patients family relationship maps,we found that in the two kinds of patients families the higher blood SOD activity was a character inherited in autosome dominant typ...

从家系图分析等看出，这两种患者家系中血SOD升高以常染色体显性遗传方式进行遗传。也讨论了在优生优育遗传咨询中的应用价值。

The effect of QTL mapping was influenced by many factors including population structure and size, number of QTLs, density of genetic markers, heritability of traits etc., especially the genetic and statistic models, so it is essential to select appropriate method according to actual situations before mapping QTLs. In this study, backcross population for QTL mapping was constructed by computer simulation in order to study power of detection and mapping precision of QTLs at different levels of factors.

影响QTL 定位效果的因素很多，包括群体类型、规模、涉及的QTL 数目、遗传标记的密度、性状遗传力等等，特别是分析中使用的遗传和统计模型对QTL 检测和定位有较大的影响。

Here, we examined the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of domestic goats by determining mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite DNA. The genetic diversity of five goat breeds including Angora goat, Shandonglaiwu black goat, Hanshan white goat, Taihang goat and Wuzhumuqin goat was surveyed using twenty-five microsatellite loci, The UPGMA phylogenetic trees constructed with the Dcoa genetic distances between the five goat breeds supported a closer relationship between Hanshan White goat and Wuzhumuqin goat.

利用微卫星和线粒体DNA分析山羊的遗传多样性及系统进化关系，用25个微卫星位点分析了安哥拉山羊、山东莱芜黑山羊、罕山白绒山羊、太行山羊及乌珠穆沁绒山羊这5个山羊品种的遗传多样性，利用共祖遗传距离的UPGMA聚类表明遗传距离和地理距离是一致的，如内蒙的罕山白绒山羊和乌珠穆沁绒山羊聚到一起。

Here, we examined the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of domestic goats by determining mitochondrial DNAand microsatellite DNA. The genetic diversity of five goat breeds including Angora goat, Shandonglaiwu black goat, Hanshan white goat, Taihang goat and Wuzhumuqin goat was surveyed using twenty-five microsatellite loci,The UPGMA phylogenetic trees constructed with the Dcoa genetic distances between the five goat breeds supported a closer relationship between Hanshan White goat and Wuzhumuqin goat.

本研究利用微卫星和线粒体DNA分析山羊的遗传多样性及系统进化关系，用25个微卫星位点分析了安哥拉山羊、山东莱芜黑山羊、罕山白绒山羊、太行山羊及乌珠穆沁绒山羊这5个山羊品种的遗传多样性，共祖遗传距离的UPGMA聚类表明遗传距离和地理距离是一致的，如内蒙的罕山白绒山羊和乌珠穆沁绒山羊聚到一起。

Simulated anneal and Tabu are extensively applied in the field, in which, Genetic Algorithms is most general one. In the former study of the optimizing for motor, people often focused on cross operator and variation operator, which was based on the G.A.

在以往的以遗传算法为优化设计主要算法的研究中，偏向于对交叉算子与变异算子进行改进以提高遗传算法的效率，即对遗传算法的本身进行改进，从而产生了很多种类的混合遗传算法。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。