道德神学

Through the critique of church theology and extolment of reason, freedom and morality, the Enlightenment influenced Kant deeply.

启蒙运动对教会神学的批判以及对理性、自由和道德的颂扬都对康德产生了巨大的影响，使康德在其哲学思考的早期就形成了理性的道德信仰的观念，认为良好的道德生活方式是信仰的基础。

In 1976, it is the first time for the conception to be put forward by Bernard Williams. Though he didn"t define this conception, his discussion showed the possibility of Moral Luck. And he emphasized particularly on the agent"s recept to apprehend the Moral Luck. Later, Thomas Nagel based on the life to classify the Moral Luck and expatiated. He wanted to integrate Moral Luck with the moral theory of Kant. As a result, it is disappointed. Whereafter, basing on the former philosopher, Anthony Kenny thought that it is impossible for him to abate the strain between Kantianism and Moral Luck. Whereas, Kenny had no intention to followed them.

伯纳德·威廉姆斯于1976年第一次提出"道德运气"的概念，虽然没有对概念本身予以界定，但他的论述肯定了概念的可能性，并侧重从行为者主观的角度来理解道德运气；随后，托马斯·内格尔立足现实生活，对道德运气进行分类论述，并试图将康德的道德理论与道德运气结合，当然结果是令人失望的；继威廉姆斯与内格尔之后，安东尼·肯尼在两位哲学家论述的基础之上，认为他自己也无力缓和康德哲学与道德运气的张力，但无意追随威廉姆斯和内格尔的步调，而是从亚里士多德哲学和中世纪基督教神学中探讨道德运气。

Alphonsus, two names are deserving of special mention: Gousset, whose "Théologie morale"(1844) had been preceded by his "Justification de la theologie morale du bienheureux Alphonse-Marie Liguori"(2nd ed., 1832); Jean-Pierre Berman, professor at the seminary of Nancy for twenty-five years (1828-1853), and author of a Theologia moralis ex S.

在这些谁甚至在此之前曾大力反对，主要是通过提供反对的理论的圣阿方，这两个名字值得特别一提： Gousset ，其"神学的士气"（ 1844年）之前，他的"理由德拉鲁阿神学的士气都bienheureux阿马里利顾理"（第二版。， 1832 ）；让皮埃尔伯尔曼教授在学院的南希为二十五年（ 1828年至1853年），和作者的道德神学前语。

The borderline between moral and ascetical theology is hazy at best, while the distinction between it and mystical theology is often denied altogether.

之间的界限，道德和ascetical神学是烟霞在最好的，而区分它和神秘的神学是常常得不到完全的。

Lately, attempts have been made to develop moral theology along other lines.

最近，有人企图制定的道德神学其他线路沿线。

Speaking of his moral theology, St. Alphonsus styles him "by all odds leader after St. Thomas".

在谈到他的道德神学，圣阿方风格，他&所有的赔率领先后，圣托马斯&。

Speaking of his moral theology, St. Alphonsus styles him "by all odds leader after St. Thomas".

在谈到他的道德神学，圣阿方风格他&的领导人克服种种困难后，圣托马斯&。

During the seventeenth and eighteenth century debates about Jansenism and the precise meaning of the law, Alphonsus Liguori emerged as the most famous and influential moral theologian.

在第十七和十八世纪的辩论和詹森主义的确切含义的法律，阿方利顾理成为最有名的和有影响力的道德神学。

This ascendancy of the milder school in moral theology over the more rigorous gained new impetus when Alphonsus was canonized and when the Church pointed out in particular that Divine Providence had raised him up as a bulwark against the errors of Jansenism, and that by his numerous writings he had blazed a more reliable path which the guides of souls might safely follow amid the conflicting opinions either too lax or too strict.

这个崛起的温和学校在道德神学超过了更严格的，积累了新的动力，当阿方被册封的，并当教会特别指出，神普罗维登斯提出了他作为抵御错误的jansenism ，而且他的许多著作他开辟了更可靠的路径，其中导游的心灵可能后续平安中相互矛盾的意见，要么太松或太严。

Such works of a mixed character now grow common, they treat the whole subject-matter of moral theology, in as far as it is serviceable for the confessor and the pastor, in this mixed manner, though they insist more on casuistry than did Lugo.

这些工程的一个混合性质的，现在长大常见，但他们对待整个标的事项的道德神学，就因为它是可用性的忏悔和牧师，在这种混合的方式，但他们坚持要更多地疑比卢戈。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。