道德

From the realistic perspective,on the one hand ,moral legalization belongs to a fictitious proposition, which is virtually misunderstanding of legalization of jus, on the other hand, in value it implies such tendencies as absolutization of moral standards and powerization of moral restraints, which is a severe potential threat to our societal moral life.

从事实层面上看，&道德法律化&是一个虚假命题，是对&法的法律化&的误解；从价值层面上看，这一命题隐含着道德标准绝对化和道德约束强权化的倾向，对社会道德生活存在着巨大的潜在威胁。

In a word, to pose the question of "why" ontologically and to expound "what it is" epistemologically and to probe into "how to do" pedagogically constitute the three-dimensional state of the rationality moral curriculum, sensibility moral curriculum and action moral curriculum of moral education in school.

总之，从本体论上追问&为什么&，从知识论上诠释&是什么&，从教学论上探究&如何做&构成了学校道德课程的理性道德、情性道德、行动道德三位一体形态。

Hard as it is to pin a definitive Iabel on it ,for it is both the mother virture and leading verture of all other virtures, it has featly serve as the mighty pillar for Confucianism's moral building with love and reciprocity providing the tone work.

很难为儒家道德下个权威的定义，因为她是道德的源泉，并引领着其他的道德。其中博爱，和谐是孔子道德体系的强大支柱。

In other words, traditional morality is grounded on the transcendental presupposition. However, this view is facing many challenges. Foundationless morality, proposed by the best-known neo-pragmatist Richard Rorty, is among the piercing challenges which criticize the essentialism and foundationalism underlying the traditional view. In addition, Rorty's view of morality without foundations provokes many debates. This article aims at discussing the related debates on Rorty's moral view, which will be illuminating to moral education.

然而，当代道德理论与启蒙理想遭到许多严厉质疑，例如：美国新实用主义哲学家Richard Rorty抨击西方思想传统与道德传统中的本质主义与基础主义，Rorty思想在当代学界也引起激烈探讨，故本文试图厘清Rorty的无基础道德观之内涵，及其相关争议，最后说明Rorty观点与相关论争对於德育的启示，本文认为，Rorty的道德观点可称为「最低限度道德观」：以爱与正义作为主轴之具有实践性与教育性之道德观点。

From the standpoint of the conditionality between culture and ethic, this paper has inquired into the relationship between the Chinese traditional culture and i ts ethic in the perspective of culture. Based on the elucidation of the structure, especially the genotypical structure, of the Chinese traditional culture, it has exposed not only the genetics and the developing process of the Chinese traditional ethic and of the corresponding ethics, but also the cause of its expansion and its stability in the wh...

以文化与伦理相互制约立论，从文化视角对中国传统文化与伦理道德的相互关系进行考察，揭示传统伦理道德及其学说的发生、形成及其在传统文化中扩张和稳定性的根源；依据中国传统文化的&基因&结构，从不同侧面阐述传统伦理道德在整个文化结构中的地位；根据中国传统文化多元整合的特点，揭示伦理道德及其学说在传统文化中扩张的道路和机制。

The paper describes the study of the relationship between moral judgment and moral behavior,the study of whether the efficacy training can streng the the relation between moral judgment and behavior.

并介绍了自我效能理论的应用研究、道德判断与道德行为的关系的研究以及自我效能感在由道德判断转化为道德行为中作用的研究。

The morality reception which is the process that subject chooses, understands, and internalizes the various moral information is the significance and fundamental link that the morality as theory moves toward the morality as practice.

道德接受作为主体对各种道德文化信息所进行选择、理解、整合和内化的过程，是理论形态的道德走向实践形态道德的具有决定意义的根本环节。

The article through the discussion that the basis of legalization of mortifies and necessity, feasibility, drawing should carry on the conclusion with legalization of morality.

不容争辩的是，法律在任何时候任何地方的发展，事实上既受特定集团的传统道德理想的影响，也受到一些个别人所提出的开明道德的影响，这些人的道德水平超过流行的道德[1]（P181）。

From the realistic p erspective,on the one hand ,moral legalization belongs to a fictitious propositi on, which is virtually misunderstanding of legalization of jus, on the ...

从事实层面上看，&道德法律化&是一个虚假命题，是对&法的法律化&的误解；从价值层面上看，这一命题隐含着道德标准绝对化和道德约束强权化的倾向，对社会道德生活存在着巨大的潜在威胁

People in Natural bourn and utilitarian bourn have not moral value for not understanding human's essential nature. Moral bourn and transcend bourn correspondingly saint and solon are perfect bourns, which erects topmost moral aim.

自然境界和功利境界中的人由于对人之正性根本没有觉解，所以不具备道德价值，而道德境界和天地境界以及与之相应的圣贤人格才是冯友兰心目中的道德理想，从而为道德修养树立了最高的价值目标。

No clear conclusions can be made about the predictie alidity of specific measures, they found, except for criteria for the underuse of drugs for cardioascular disease.

除了心血管病不合理用药标准外，对于特定评价方法的预测效度没有明确的结论。

The third and last is that almost all of them, being infinite in number, have been impostures, and by idle and crafty brains merely contrived and feigned after the event past.

第三、即最后一点是：几乎所有这些不胜枚举的预言都是欺人之谈，都是在事件过后由无聊而狡猾的脑筋推测与凭空捏造的。