逻辑系统

Difference from other algebraic structures which are introduced for some logic system, Implication Algebra is a abstraction of one logic connective, i. e. implicative operator, and other operators in it are all introduced by implicative operator.

特别值得提出的是，与其它为研究逻辑系统而引入的代数结构不同，蕴涵代数是对一个逻辑联结词，即蕴涵算子抽象而得到的，其它算子均是由蕴涵算子诱导而得到。

A polynomial system PS over the rational number field is constructed from the formula...,in a given many-valued logic system such that follows from ...,iff the algebraic variety defined by PS is empty, iff the idealenerated by PS is trivial.

由给定的多值逻辑系统中的一组公式，。。。，，出发，构造出了一组有理数域上的多项式PS，使得是，。。。，的逻辑结论，当且仅当PS定义的代数簇为空集，当且仅当PS生成的理想是平凡理想。

The last part discusses some difficulties in the course of building knowledge predicate logic systems: recognizing agents across the worlds; logic almightiness; knowability paradox

第四部分：探讨在构建知道谓词逻辑系统中遇到的一些困难：认知主体知识的一致性，即跨世界识别个体的问题；逻辑全能问题；可知性悖论

Later, based on the same idea, Li Jun gave the theory of truth degrees of formulas in many-valued Lukasiewicz propositional logic and canonical sequence logic system.

随后李骏基于相同思想给出了Lukasiewicz多值命题逻辑与标准序列逻辑系统中公式的真度理论。

From the"can explain", concept can be divided into three type: There is the abstract noun and the concrete noun on expression meaning; There is special noun, species noun and function noun on dividing quality; There is statement noun and indirect noun on the speech.

可见，佛家逻辑对名言的论述不仅包含了今天形式逻辑中相应的内容，而且较之更为细密，理解也更为深刻和科学，其诸多的精辟独到之处也是其他逻辑系统所不可比拟的。

A quantified logic of clarity and vagueness is developed, based on the pattern of the G delian system T of modal logic, a clarity operator replacing the necessity operator.

基于哥德尔模式的模态逻辑系统T，本文提出了一种关于清晰性和模糊性的量化逻辑，其中利用清晰性算子来代替必然性算子。

The concept of relative Γ-tautology degree of formulas in four important propositional logics, Lukasiewicz logic, L(superscript *) logic, Gdel logic and product logic, has been proposed, and basic properties of it are obtained.

基于广义重言式理论，在四种重要的命题逻辑系统Lukasiewicz系统，L系统，Gdel系统和Ⅱ系统中，引入了公式的相对Γ-重言度概念，给出了相对Γ-重言度的若干性质。

The paper is concerned with the ambiguity of the formalization of reasoning and the origin of the paradox of material implication.

所谓逻辑的形式化就是对概念、命题、推理给以数学化，它是构建现代逻辑系统普遍采用的方法。

fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy propositional logic are topics of general interest in many-valued logic.

模糊命题逻辑系统和模糊推理是多值逻辑研究的热点课题。

In the 1950s,Carnap developed a probability logic which system made it possible for inductive logic to be deductive, formal and definitive,and pushed the study on inductive logic onto an unprecedented level.

他在20世纪50年代提出了概率逻辑系统，这一体系宣告了归纳逻辑的演绎化、形式化和定量化，将概率归纳逻辑推向了&顶峰&。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。