逻辑系统

In doing back-up data, we followed the work to be done is to switch to a system running DOS, and DOS command line in the implementation of "fdisk / mbr" command string to try to repair the hard disk of soft failure occurred ; if such a repair method to try is invalid, then we can go online to download and install the hard drive Bad Track professional testing tool to double-check the local hard disk in the phenomenon of the existence of Bad Track, Bad Track If you can not find the hard disk, it can not detect hard drive through the phenomenon is likely to be caused by the logic of failure, the logical solution is to find a Bad Track Repair Repair Tool to re-click the hard disk, only to do so.

在做好数据的备份工作后，我们接下来要做的工作就是将系统切换到DOS运行状态，并在DOS命令行中执行"fdisk /mbr"字符串命令，来尝试修复硬盘中发生的软故障；要是这种修复方法尝试无效的话，我们可以到网上下载安装一些专业的硬盘坏道检测工具，来仔细检查本地硬盘中是否存在坏道现象，如果找不到硬盘坏道的话，那硬盘检测无法通过的现象很可能是逻辑故障引起的，解决办法就是找逻辑坏道修复工具来重新修复一下硬盘，只能这样做了。

In doing back-up data, we followed the work to be done is to switch to a system running DOS, and DOS command line in the implementation of "fdisk / mbr" command string to try to repair the hard disk of soft failure occurred ; if such a repair method to try is invalid, then we can go online to download and install the hard drive Bad Track professional testing tool to double-check the local hard disk in the phenomenon of the existence of Bad Track, Bad Track If you can not find the hard disk, it can not detect hard drive through the phenomenon is likely to be caused by the logic of failure, when the only thing we can use the way is hard to find the logic of the corresponding brand Bad Track Repair Repair Tool to re-click the hard disk, I believe that case the hard disk will be able to detect the phenomenon can not be resolved the.

在做好数据的备份工作后，我们接下来要做的工作就是将系统切换到 DOS 运行状态，并在 DOS 命令行中执行" fdisk /mbr "字符串命令，来尝试修复硬盘中发生的软故障；要是这种修复方法尝试无效的话，我们可以到网上下载安装一些专业的硬盘坏道检测工具，来仔细检查本地硬盘中是否存在坏道现象，如果找不到硬盘坏道的话，那硬盘检测无法通过的现象很可能是逻辑故障引起的，此时我们唯一可以使用的办法就是找到对应品牌硬盘的逻辑坏道修复工具来重新修复一下硬盘，相信这么一来硬盘检测无法通过现象就能被解决了。

OR is harder in soft science, has the characteristic of both logic mathematics and mathematical logic, and are a basic theory and indispensable method, means and tool.

运筹学是软科学中"硬度"较大的一门学科，兼有逻辑的数学和数学的逻辑的性质，是系统工程学和现代管理科学中的一种基础理论和不可缺少的方法、手段和工具。

In The Big Typescript, this dichotomy is detailed in his analysis of the temporal, spatial and genitive expressions, resulting in the distinction between the unspeakable"memory-time"(Ged〓chtniszeit) and the speakable"physical time", and that between the unspeakable"visual space" and the speakable"Euclidean space", etc;(4) From another perspective, the destruction of the conception of the "phenomenological language"could also be seen as the logical consequence of the radicalization of the one and the same conception, since this destruction does reinforce rather than weaken RLF's original intention of distinguishing the physical system from what are given in phenomena by demonstrating the incompatibility between this intention itself and the insistence on the speakability of the phenomena, which gives birth to the illusion of the"phenomenological language";(5) Nevertheless, what the radical distinction between the sense-data and the physical language (as the unique possible language) implies, according to Wittgenstein, is not that the latter has nothing to do with the former, but that the association between the two does not follow the"original sample-copy"pattern but the"screen-presenting-filmoperation"pattern, which indicates that phenomenon itself can be aroused by or included in-rather than to be described by-the physical language/system;(6) Thus Wittgenstein leads us to depart from the obsolete ambition of representing the immediately given data perfectly for a new destination where a comprehensive "perspicuity" of the"grammar"should be required and where his later philosophy is coming into being.

在《大打字稿》中，这一二分法在他对于时间表达式、空间表达式与人称表达式的分析中得到了细化，并导致了他对于"记忆时间"与"物理时间"的区分，以及对于"视觉空间"与"欧几里得空间"的区分，等等；(4)从另一个视角来看，维氏对于"现象学语言"观念的拆解也可以被视为同一观念在被加以彻底化后所导出的必然后果，因为这一拆解工作实际上乃是加强了，而不是削弱了他在写作《略论逻辑形式》时就已怀有的信念，即：必须将物理系统严格地区分于在现象中被直接给予的东西。换言之，维氏在这一拆解工作中所做的，只不过就是暴露了这一信念本身与对于现象之"可说性"的坚执之间的固有矛盾罢了——而所谓"现象学语言"的幻相，亦正是导源于上述坚执；(5)然而，根据维氏的本意，感觉予料与物理语言之间巨大的逻辑差异却并不意味着后者与前者毫无关联，而只是意味着两者之间的关系并不遵循着所谓的"原本—摹本"模式，而遵循的乃是"屏幕呈现—胶片运作"模式。

Defining the problem. Firstly, two important concepts------judicialreasoning and the explanation of law ------are introduced. After that,law-applying process is examined by way of syllogistic argument. Hence, the work of this paper is determined: to analyze the law-applying process on 3 phrases cognizanting of the facts, interpreting of law and making judicial judgment; to define the mission of Logic concerning the difficulties of AI in Law System, and therefore to introduce my understanding of the main task of logic in 21st Century: problematic reasoning.

首先解释了本文所使用的两个重要概念：法律推理和法律解释，而后以三段论的方式考察了法律适用的过程，最后说明本文所要作的工作：在事实认定，法律解释，司法判决三个阶段上以逻辑的手段分析法律适用是如何进行的；逻辑和法律的新的契合点——人工智能法律系统所面临的困境给逻辑学规定了什么样的任务，并由此提出我所理解的逻辑学在21世纪的研究重点：或然性推理。

First of all, the clustering result is corresponding to the Kripke structure. The relevant system of axioms is chosen by the correspondence between the syntax and semantics of modal logic.

首先将聚类结果对应于模态逻辑中Kripke结构；然后利用模态逻辑中语法与语义之间的对应性选取了相应的公理系统。

We reduce the three valued logic model checking problem for modal transition system to the two valued model checking problem under Kripke structure.

提出了把模态转移系统转换成Kripke结构的算法以及三值逻辑公式转换成2个二值逻辑的算法，经过转换后可用现有的模型检验技术进行模型检验。

The model also holds the state of your application's universe at the present moment,but is totally disconnected from an notion of aUI.2A set of views,which describe how to render some portion of the model as avisible UI,but otherwise contain no logic.3A set of controllers,which handle incoming requests,perform operations on the model,and choose aview to render back to the user.

在银行系统中，对象就应该包括"银行账户"、"信贷限额"；操作可能包括"资金转账"；业务逻辑应该是"一个账户转账金额不能超过信贷限额"2View，描述了如何把Model数据呈现为可视的UI，没有任何的业务逻辑。3Controllasp neter，处理进来的用户请求，对Model数据执行相应的操作，选择呈现哪一个视图给用户。

Description Logic is a kind of object based knowledge representation formalism, and also a decidable fragment of first order predicate logic, with well-defined semantics and powerful representation capability.

描述逻辑是一种基于对象的知识表示的形式化系统，它是一阶逻辑的一个可判定的子集，具有合适定义的语义，并且具有很强的表示能力。

This abstract model and the existability rules derived from it can be used to form an ODP system, and also can be used for the implementation of trading function.

本文分析了交互及交互点的基本性质，并使用Petri网系统、模态逻辑和多值逻辑技术定义了交互的基本同步模型和基本异步模型，并将它们推广到双向和多向交互的情形。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新