逻辑的实证主义

It begins with the critique of positivism, and analyzes the reason of collapse of the positivism, which bring about the decline of experientialism.

从对实证主义的批判的角度展开，分析实证主义崩溃的原因，以致逻辑实证主义最终走向衰落，从而导致了经验主义的衰落。

In addition, logical positivism insists that philosophy is not a knowledge system but an activity system.

此外逻辑实证主义强调哲学不是知识的体系，即不研究对于世界的认识，而是一个活动的体系，即从事对语言的逻辑分析活动。

The last type of logical criticism of theism is characteristic of logical positivism and analytic and linguistic philosophy.

过去式的逻辑批判有神论的特点是逻辑实证主义和分析和语言哲学。

The physicialism of logical positivism was essentially epistemic and logical, claiming that all predicates can be reduced to physical predicates.

逻辑实证主义的物理主义实质上是认识和逻辑上的。它声称所有的谓项都可以还原为物理谓项。

Though the logic positivism has already declined day by day as a genre of contemporary western philosophy of science,but the view about drawing a clear demarcation between science and humane studies and the basic science view of logic positive still has heavy influence very so far,it is even still deep-rooted in the heads of some people.

虽然逻辑实证主义作为当代西方科学哲学的一个流派已经日趋衰落，但是，逻辑实证主义对科学的根本看法和关于科学和人文两个世界的截然划分等观念至今仍有很大的影响，甚至在某些人的头脑中根深蒂固。

While in his second stage, he cast away his former philosophy ideas, replacing his schematism with theory of language game, logic analysis with linguistic analysis, deal language with daily language.

维特根斯坦的哲学思想可分为前期和后期，前期为逻辑分析哲学、核心是图式说，它对逻辑实证主义具有决定性影响；后期基本上抛弃了前期的哲学观点，即以语言游戏说代替了图式说，以语言分析代替了逻辑分析，以日常语言代替了理想语言。

wittgenstein's philosophy thoughts can be divided into two different stages. in his first stage, he contributes to logic analytical philosophy, the core of which is schematism. it has a decisive influence on the logic positivism. while in his second stage, he cast away his former philosophy ideas, replacing his schematism with theory of language game, logic analysis with linguistic analysis, deal language with daily language.

维特根斯坦的哲学思想可分为前期和后期，前期为逻辑分析哲学、核心是图式说，它对逻辑实证主义具有决定性影响；后期基本上抛弃了前期的哲学观点，即以语言游戏说代替了图式说，以语言分析代替了逻辑分析，以日常语言代替了理想语言。

This article writes from the theory "the unverification of value judgment " and its supporting reasons, contends for the rationality of the logic positivism which stands for the univerification of the value, and tries to reestablish the confidence on the possible meaning and effectiveness of the value verification through criticizing logic positivism's principle of verification and their reasons for the univerification of value judgments.

本文从"价值判断是不可证实的"这一论断的提出及其论证理由入手，检讨逻辑实证主义及其继承者关于价值判断是不可证实的这一理论的合理性，并通过对逻辑实证主义的可证实性原则及其否定价值判断可证实性的理由的批判，力图消解人们对价值判断可证实性的误解，重新确立对寻求价值判断意义和有效性的信心。

By putting forward his Trading Zone theory, Peter Galison argues that the disunity of scientific structure, which is demonstrated by it's subcultures and the local coordination among them occuring within the area of the trading zone, undergirds the strength and stability of science.

关于科学的基本性质和内部结构问题，盖里森在分析和批判逻辑实证主义和反实证主义传统观点的基础上，通过借鉴人类学的研究方法，提出了一种互嵌式的科学结构模式和存在于科学亚文化层面上的&交易区&理论，进而阐述了科学的分立性。

In the end, we summarize the thought features of post-experientialism philosophy of social science, and conclude the main object, which include breaking the unity of science of positivism, the wholism of science method, and overturn the authority of science. In fact, the post-experientialists look the science as society, history, culture, system, organization, and they are in the same position.

最后对后经验主义社会科学哲学的思想特征作出了总结，分析了其主要目标就是要打破实证主义的科学统一观、科学方法的整体论观念，推翻自然科学具有权威性和普遍有效的解释与预测功能等信仰，事实上也就是要祛除实证主义的科学神化观，转而将科学的理性和逻辑，看作与科学的社会、历史、文化、制度、组织等外在因素具有同等的地位。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。