逻辑的

The content of this course includes: fundamentals of logic algebra analysis and design of the combinational logic circuit and sequence circuit common applications of the combinational logic circuit and sequence circuit programmable logic devices Hardware Design Description Language A/D (Analog/Digital) and D/A conversion.

课程的主要内容有：逻辑代数基础、组合逻辑电路及时序电路分析与设计、常用中规模组合逻辑及时序逻辑电路应用、可编程逻辑器件、硬件设计描述语言VHDL、数模、模数转换等。

Besides, several representative designs of four value counter are presented and its method can be applied to the design of arbitrary value counter.

目前，三值逻辑设计理论已逐渐逐向成熟，这方面已有较多论述[1～4]。而四值逻辑设计，尤其是利用电压型四值逻辑电路实现四值时序逻辑电路设计的论述尚少。

There is important realism meaning in-depth researching for arithmetic of logic function complement set .

逻辑函数的求补在逻辑综合中最为常见，求补算法的优劣直接关系到逻辑优化算法的时效，在逻辑优化算法中由于会频繁调用逻辑函数求补运算过程[1~3]，因此逻辑函数的求补是逻辑优化算法的基础。

On the base of Frege's study, Russell put forward the theory of types to settle Russell's paradox. On the base of non-set, Russell brought forward axiom of infinity and axiom of option as the premises and built a system. He tried to defined the non-negative integer in logic terms and derive the theorems of arithmetic from the laws of logic by deductive method.

罗素在弗雷格研究的基础上，提出逻辑类型论来解决罗素悖论，以非集合论理论为基础，以无穷公理和选择公理为前提，利用逻辑概念定义数学概念，并构造系统，通过逻辑演绎法从逻辑公理推导数学定理。

Legal syllogism is the basic model which is used by the accuser, the defender and the trier in criminal trial. What is its logical foundation? There are mainly three kinds of viewpoints up to now. According to traditional theory, it is categorical syllogism and deductivists think it is whole deductive logic, while anti-deductivists deny that logic plays an important role in a trial.

法律三段论是刑事诉讼中控、辩、审三方所采用的最基本的法律论证模式，其背后的逻辑基础是什么，目前主要有三种观点：根据传统观点，法律三段论的逻辑基础是直言三段论；演绎逻辑基础论者主张演绎逻辑是法律三段论的逻辑基础；反演绎逻辑基础论者基本上否定了逻辑在法律审判中的作用。

Legal syllogism is the basic model which is used by the accuser,the defender and the judge in criminal trial.What is its logical foundation? There are mainly three kinds of viewpoints up to now.According to traditional theory,it is categorical syllogism,and deductivists think it is whole deductive logic,while anti-deductivists deny that logic plays an important role in a trial.

法律三段论是刑事诉讼中控、辩、审三方所采用的最基本的法律论证模式，其背后的逻辑基础是什么，目前主要有三种观点：根据传统观点，法律三段论的逻辑基础是直言三段论；演绎逻辑基础论者主张演绎逻辑是法律三段论的逻辑基础；反演绎逻辑基础论者基本上否定了逻辑在法律审判中的作用。

The main contributions of the second part of this dissertation are focused on the cryptographic properties of logical functions over finite field, with the help of the properties of trace functions, and that of p-polynomials, as well as the permutation theory over finite field: The new definition of Chrestenson linear spectrum is given and the relation between the new Chrestenson linear spectrum and the Chrestenson cyclic spectrum is presented, followed by the inverse formula of logical function over finite field; The distribution for linear structures of the logical functions over finite field is discussed and the complete construction of logical functions taking on all vectors as linear structures is suggested, which leads to the conception of the extended affine functions over finite field, whose cryptographic properties is similar to that of the affine functions over field GF (2) and prime field F〓; The relationship between the degeneration of logical functions and the linear structures, the degeneration of logical functions and the support of Chrestenson spectrum, as well as the relation between the nonlinearity and the linear structures are discussed; Using the relation of the logical functions over finite field and the vector logical functions over its prime field, we reveal the relationship between the perfect nonlinear functions over finite field and the vector generalized Bent functions over its prime field; The existence or not of the perfect nonlinear functions with any variables over any finite fields is offered, and some methods are proposed to construct the perfect nonlinear functions by using the balanced p-polynomials over finite field.

重新定义了有限域上逻辑函数的Chrestenson线性谱，考察了新定义的Chrestenson线性谱和原来的Chrestenson循环谱的关系，并利用一组对偶基给出了有限域上逻辑函数的反演公式；给出了有限域上随机变量联合分布的分解式，并利用随机变量联合分布的分解式对有限域上逻辑函数的密码性质进行了研究；给出了有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，探讨了它们之间密码性质的联系，如平衡性，相关免疫性，扩散性，线性结构以及非线性度等；讨论了有限域上逻辑函数各类线性结构之间的关系，并给出了任意点都是线性结构的逻辑函数的全部构造，由此引出了有限域上的"泛仿射函数"的概念；考察了有限域上逻辑函数的退化性与线性结构的关系、退化性与Chrestenson谱支集的关系；给出了有限域逻辑函数非线性度的定义，利用有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与相应素域上向量逻辑函数非线性度的关系，考察了有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与线性结构的关系；利用有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，揭示了有限域上的广义Bent函数与相应素域上的广义Bent函数的关系，以及有限域上的完全非线性函数与相应素域上向量广义Bent函数之间的关系；给出了任意有限域上任意n元完全非线性函数存在性与否的完整证明，并利用有限域上平衡的p-多项式的性质给出了有限域上完全非线性函数的一些基本构造方法。

Logic such as knowledge logic, belief 1ogi, and so on, can be regarded as a "positive" logic, and doubting logic as a "negative" one.

如果说知道逻辑、信念逻辑都是"正"的逻辑的话，那麽怀疑逻辑则是"负"的逻辑。

In the second stage (1958-1968), he was influenced by the new development in the Philosophy of Logic, paying closer attention to Modal Logic, Intensional Logic, Higher-Order Logic, the Philosophy of Logic and so on.

第二阶段（1958-1968）受逻辑哲学最新发展的影响，更关注模态逻辑、内涵逻辑、高阶逻辑及逻辑哲学等方面的问题。

When appling paraconsistent logic to alethic modal logic,we get a deontic logic system which avoids the ...

当将弗协调逻辑运用于真值模态逻辑时，可得到一避免了善良的撒玛利亚人悖论的道义逻辑系统，于是我们可得出结论：道义逻辑可归约为弗协调真值模态逻辑

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。