逻辑的

Algebraic logic 2 logic function based on the express ways and simplification of the 3 in the scale of integrated circuits analysis and design of 4 flip-flops and a simple application circuit 5 synchronous sequential circuit analysis and design of 6 common synchronous sequential circuit 7 integrates asynchronous sequential circuits analysis and design of digital logic 8 the latest developments in technology is our university teachers digital logic courseware, very good

逻辑代数基础 2逻辑函数的表示方式和化简 3中规模集成电路的分析和设计 4触发器及其简单应用电路 5同步时序电路的分析和设计 6常见的同步集成时序电路 7异步时序电路的分析和设计 8数字逻辑技术的最新发展是我们大学老师数字逻辑的课件，非常不错

Comparing with western countries, our study in this fieldlag behind. One of the reasons lies in normative logic itself, such as in its paradox orin its inconvincible system. Another reason lies in the fact that less attention has been paid to it.

究其原因，既有规范逻辑自身的原因，如规范逻辑悖论的困扰，规范逻辑没有能够建立一个令人信服的系统等；也与人们对规范逻辑的重要性理解不够有很大的关系。

Setting out from symbolic logic, Russell was the first philosopher who destroyed the law of excluded middle in classical logic, and provided leads for the research into formalized fuzzy logic o...

皮尔斯是西方哲学史上确认"语言本身的模糊性"的第一位哲学家；维特根斯坦强调语言确定性与模糊性的并存关系，并试图将二者统一；罗素从符号逻辑的水平上首次打破了古典逻辑的排中律，开辟了形式化模糊逻辑或多值逻辑的研究道路。

Finally,a simplified case of BOFL,i.e.Boolean Operator Propositional Logicestablished on a Boolean algebra,is further discussed.A complete algorithmfor finding the true level and false level of a formula in BOPL,which subsumes the re-lated work by Wang H.in the propositional logic,is also provided.

对布尔算子模糊逻辑的简化情形一布尔算子命题逻辑作了进一步讨论，放宽了对真值域的要求，将布尔算子命题逻辑建立在布尔代数上，并推广了命题逻辑中的王浩算法，给出了一个完备的求给定公式恒真水平和恒假水平的机械推导算法。

Application predicate logic on data sublanguage as its mathematical foundation would make the study of data sublanguage become the research of predicate logic and the optimization of data sublanguage become the matters of simplification of predicate logic.

本文旨在研究将谓词逻辑及公理化理论应用于关系数据库中表示数据子语言，应用谓词逻辑作为它的数学基础，使得对这些语言的研究成为对谓词逻辑的研究，优化数据子语言的表示成为对谓词逻辑的化简问题。

In this part, the paper inspects and studies Lukasiewicz"s 3-valued logic, the truth function of 3-valued logic, the study of axiomatized system of Lukasiewicz"s 3-valued logic and the many-valued generalizations of Lukasiewiczs 3-valued logic, etc.

在这一部分中，文章考察的内容主要有卢卡西维茨的三值逻辑理论、三值逻辑的真值函项、卢卡西维茨的三值逻辑的公理化研究和卢卡西维茨的三值逻辑的推广等。

This is a criticism of the main point and the way of argument in Concept of Logic by Wang Lu. Wang's main point (the only object of logic is necessary inference and the nature of logic is necessity) failed completely to meet with the historical facts of the brith and development of the science of logic.

本文是对王路《逻辑的观念》一书基本观点(逻辑的对象仅仅是必然性推理，逻辑的内在机制是必然地得出)及其论证手法的批评：该书的基本观点完全不符合古今中外逻辑科学产生和发展的历史事实，其论证手法是&偷换和歪曲&。

On the basis of this discussions, the author gives the standard system of deontic logic which was created by Von Wright and abstracts the development from the classic system to the standard system of deontic logic.

真性模态和道义模态之间存在着类似和区别，在此基础上给出冯·赖特道义逻辑的经典系统，说明经典道义逻辑在向标准道义逻辑发展

The different debates about dialectical logic in the 21〓 century reflect the different attitude to dialectical logic. The monist conception of logic takes the so-called dialectical logic as a sub-discipline of philosophy and denies its legitimacy, and the pluralists differentiate dialectical logic from dialectic and regard the former as a kind of logic.

从20世纪30年代到世纪末，中国学者对辩证逻辑的看法走过了这样一个历程：30-40年代，有&辩证法可否成为逻辑&的争论；50-60年代，几乎没有学者公开对辩证逻辑作为逻辑的合法地位提出质疑；80年代之后，又起辩证逻辑是不是逻辑之争，但反对者的观点已变为&辩证逻辑不是逻辑&。80年代以后，中国学者对辩证法与辩证逻辑的区分已非常自觉。

In the 1950s,Carnap developed a probability logic which system made it possible for inductive logic to be deductive, formal and definitive,and pushed the study on inductive logic onto an unprecedented level.

他在20世纪50年代提出了概率逻辑系统，这一体系宣告了归纳逻辑的演绎化、形式化和定量化，将概率归纳逻辑推向了&顶峰&。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。