逻辑比较

Discuss the relationship between fuzzy logic and probabilistic logic by comparing PL with the fuzzy logic based on distributive lattice with a boundary element and make clear some indiscriminations about this problem.

7给出值域为布尔代数的格值逻辑的概率解释；相对于值域为含分界元分配格的模糊逻辑作比较，讨论了模糊逻辑和概率逻辑的密切关系和根本区别，并据此澄清了逻辑文献中关于这一问题的某些混淆。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

Another important point in the above example, when doing logical comparisons always put the variable on the right side, like above.

另外一个重点是在上边的例子中，当做逻辑比较的时候，要把变量放到右边，象上边那样。

His research method affected many contemporary and following Chinese scholars who studied the doctrine of Moism. After him, the research of the doctrine of Moism (including the research of logic of Moism) followed the way that Liang Qichao had established.

对墨家逻辑学的研究：梁启超提出校注《墨经》文本的&牒经标题&体例，而且开创了三种逻辑比较研究的新方法，运用西方逻辑和印度因明的逻辑原理对《墨经》中的有关条文进行参照解释，较为充分地揭示出《墨经》中许多基本概念和命题的逻辑意义。

They are: the achievements of textual research and exegesis of Zhu Zi Xue in Qing Dynasty; the promoting effect of the introducing Western theories that took on the research of Chinese classical logic; taking the doctrine of Moism and scientific logic method as a methodological weapon for propagating reformist thought and Liang Qichao"s favor to Mo Zi and theory of Moism.The second part is about Liang Qichao"s achievements of logic and methodology: he analyzed induction and deduction, and thoroughly analyzed induction in particular, and his thought about those was mainly correct; he analyzed comparison as a component of induction and discussed the cognitive function of comparison, he also explained how to use comparison in the research of history; he not only explicated the thinking process of analytical method and synthetic method, but also integrated the two methods with studying history and reading history , and turned them into specific research methods of history ;he expound the rule of causal law , just as Leibnizs principle of sufficient reason in Western modern times and the law of sufficient reasonin universal logic; he discussed nominal classification, and analyzed wrong classification of the forefathers, then he pointed out the significance of clarifying the basic of division .

不足在于：①梁启超对于各种科学方法的论述不够系统、全面；②梁启超比较研究方法仍存在一些缺陷，他的比较研究主要是将墨家论式与西方逻辑的三段论(有的与印度因明的三支作法)形式作求同研究，缺乏系统性和全面性，而且对三种逻辑的共同点和差异点的分析也缺乏理论深度，加之梁启超不懂得数理逻辑，缺乏精确的数理逻辑工具，因而使这种对比分析缺乏严密性和精确性。

It summarizes Liang Qichaos achievements and shortcomings, and the enlightenments his achievements and shortcomings give us. Such are his shortcomings: his exposition of all kinds of scientific methods was not systematic and thorough; his comparative method of studying logic of Moism still had some defect, becau

同时，我们要注意在运用比较方法挖掘墨家逻辑学时，应运用多种逻辑方法如形式逻辑、数理逻辑、逻辑语义学、论证、论辩逻辑、辩证逻辑、模态逻辑等作为工具和手段，全面阐发墨家逻辑思想。

Microsoft's Bill Gates is largely responsible for the boom of American economy and high technology utilization of world; the former president Bill Clinton, who was bogged into trouble because of his unsocialized behavior, established a new ethical standard for politicians; Sequoya, who was recognized as eccentric because of his strange ideas and deeds during his early life, helped the preservation of culture, tradition and history of Cherokee, which became the only tribe of Indians .

这段逻辑比较混乱，TS和后面脱离，例证不能有效支持自己的论点。另外我个人感觉不是很赞同这个观点－－我们无法预知当前的的教育是否成功，要交由未来和下一代来评定，按照这个逻辑，我们对未来的打算和计划似乎都没什么意义了，因为未来是我们无法预知的，我们现在觉得好的，将来可能觉得是糟糕，我们所做的努力似乎都没有用了。

Struct audit_buffer *audit_log_startstruct audit_context *ctx, gfp_t gfp_mask,{ struct audit_buffer *ab = NULL;struct timespec t;unsigned int serial;int reserve;unsigned long timeout_start = jiffies;if (!audit_initializedreturn NULL

函数audit_filter_type将审计事件值与规则域的值比较，返回逻辑比较结果，即审计事件值符合规则域的定义，则表示不需要查看这个审计事件，返回值为1，否则为0。

According to the above frame of concept, this paper in detail carried out logic comparison of Chinese traditional ethics with market logic

按照以上概念框架，本文对中国传统伦理与市场逻辑进行了详尽的逻辑比较

Fuzzy logic can deal with values between 0 and 1 is more analogous to human logic than the traditional binary logic of digital computers.

模糊逻辑可处理0与1间的数值；与传统的数字电脑的二进制逻辑比较，它更似人脑的逻辑推理。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。