逻辑上的

Basing on this, this article deeply analyzes the relations between implication and the connective "If, then" used in ordinary logical thinking, and points out that material implication is scientific abstract generation to the ordinary language "If, then". Their sameness lies in: when a conditional's protasis is true and its consequent is false, material implication equation is false.

在此基础上，论文深入地分析了蕴涵与人们极易混淆的日常逻辑思维中的"如果，则"的关系，指出实质蕴涵作为数理逻辑中对日常语言"如果，则"的科学抽象地概括，二者的相同点在于：当前件真后件假时，充分条件假言判断为假，实质蕴涵式也为假。

In the end, it is further developed of the inverse U hypothesis from monocycle condition to multi-cycle condition with a new hypothesis, which is called cyclical fluctuation of regional disparity.

在新古典经济学得出的增长轨迹基础上，利用简化的两地区逻辑曲线初步证明"倒U假说"的成立；并进一步讨论这一假说在多周期情形下的一个拓展，即地区差距的周期波动。

Logical method is based on the development of natural Science and philosophy, formed and developed to meet the needs of philosophy .

逻辑方法是在自然科学和哲学的发展基础上产生的，是应哲学的需要而形成和发展起来的，虽然历经由传统到现代的转型，由思辩向分析的更新。

Ution fairness is showing out with the certain norm form and legal form fair relations from person to person, Based on this, we analyze the premise, material base , thought condition and the generated direct drive force of the institution fairness ,which has solved its possibility problem.

制度公平是指以一定的规范形式和合法形式表现出来的人与人之间的公平关系，在此基础上，分析考察制度公平的逻辑前提、物质基础和思想条件以及其生成的直接驱动力，解决了制度公平之可能性问题。

In the proposed device to remedy the defect that overhigh withstand voltage of thyristors used in converter are needed due to the overhigh DC link voltage, a method to control DC link voltage is put forward, that is, a special control logic for full-controllable switching elements is designed to make them equivalent to half-controllable switching elements which are naturally turned on and turned off by triggering, then connecting such a half-controllable switching element in series with DC link the defect of overhigh DC link voltage is effectively solved.

为了克服该装置直流母线电压过高，因而对逆变器开关管耐压要求过高的缺点，提出一种对直流母线电压进行控制的方法。对全控型开关器件设计一种特殊的控制逻辑，使其等效为一个自然导通、触发关断的半控型开关器件，将该半控型开关串联在直流母线上，有效解决了直流母线电压过高的问题。

My French friend sent me three thick books, A la recherche du temps perdu by Proust and A Thousand Plateaus and The Logic of Sense realized by Deleuze, when he learnt I want to make a work about memory. Memory must not be an easy thing.

我的法国好友知道我要做一个关於记忆的作品，马上送上普斯特〈Marcel Proust 1871-1922〉的「追寻往日时光」以及德勒兹〈Gilles Deleuze 1925-1995〉的「意义的逻辑」、「堆千台」三本厚厚的大书，想来关於记忆绝不件简单的事。

The problem solving and inference functions will be provided by the hardware inference mechanism,the control mechanism,parallel processing,the logic programs developed on these machines and the software system for high-order predicate calculus.

FGCS的功能可分成3类：问题的求解和推理功能、基于知识的管理功能和智能接口功能问题的求解和推理功能将由硬件推理机制、控制机制、并行处理，以及在这些机制上开发的逻辑编程及高阶谓词演算软件系统提供。

The second part is the key of this paper. The author focuses on making an induction of expressive skills, cognitive process and beauty appreciation changes on color language in western painting in different periods, from primitive society to the ancient Greece, from Middle Ages to Renaissance, from the 17~ and 19~ century to the 20~ century. At the same time, the author makes a comparison between the typical works of typical artists and analyses the typical color language and its expressive approach. In addition, the author brushes the evolution relationship contained in color, such as symbolism, decoration, mitation, abstract and expressiveness of language, with the purpose of displaying the main features of color language in different periods and discovering the evolution relationship , its necessity and sequence.

其次，本文重点归纳总结了西方美术史各阶段，包括原始社会、古希腊到中世纪、文艺复兴、十七至十九世纪直至二十世纪绘画色彩语言的表现技巧和认知过程及审美嬗变，在此基础上纵向比较了以上各阶段典型画家的典型作品中的色彩语言和表现方法，并对西方绘画中具有象征性、装饰性、模仿性、抽象性和表现性的色彩语言及其演进关系也进行了纵向逻辑梳理，从而归纳出各个时期绘画色彩语言的基本特点及其历史演进的必然性和秩序性。

It has stronger I/O interface to connect with industrial process compared to the common computer and has basically substituted of the logical control of traditional relay and contact devices, thus become the basic installment in automation control system.

从广义上讲，PLC是一种计算机系统，比一般计算机具有更强的与工业过程相连接的输入输出接口，已基本取代了传统的继电器和接触器的逻辑控制，并成为自动化控制系统的基本装置。

Fuzzy logic rules are used in expert judgement for obtaining the fuzzy Petri net, on which basis a model is built for evaluation of weapon equipment. Then artificial neural network is introduced into the Petri net. Steepest Descent Method is used for training the parameters of fuzzy Petri net model. As a result, the model has great learning capability and high adaptability to complicated environment.

将模糊逻辑规则应用到专家评判中得到模糊Petri网，建立基于模糊Petri网的武器装备效能评估模型，并在此基础上将人工神经网络引入到模糊Petri中，在模糊Petri模型上，用迭代最速下降法对模型的参数进行学习和训练，经过学习和训练的模型具有很强的学习能力以及对外界环境的自适应能力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。