逻辑

This article analyses the issue logically from the points of view of noumenon,axiology,and methodology.

本文以此为逻辑起点，从后现代写作的本体论、价值论、方法论三个层次展开对其合理性的分析。

Propositions like Russell's 'axiom of reducibility' are not logical propositions, and this explains our feeling that, even if they were true, their truth could only be the result of a fortunate accident.

如罗素的"可归纳性公理"这类命题不是逻辑命题，这就说明了我们的这种感觉：即使这些命题为真，也只能是一件碰巧的偶然事情。

"Intuitionists rejected certain concepts of logic and the notion that the axiomatic method would suffice to explain all of mathematics, instead seeing mathematics as an intellectual activity dealing with mental constructions independent of language and any external reality."

直觉主义否认某些逻辑概念，公理方法的注释已经足够解释数学的全部，而不把数学看作是处理与语言和任何外部现实无关的思想构造的一种智力活动。

"Intuitionists reject ed certain concepts of logic and the notion that the axiomatic method would suffice to explain all of mathematics, instead seeing mathematics as an intellectual activity dealing with mental constructions independent of language and any external reality."

直觉主义否认某些逻辑概念，公理方法的注释已经足够解释数学的全部，而不把数学看作是处理与语言和任何外部现实无关的思想构造的一种智力活动。

Key Words: Axiomatic method; Elements; the idea of all western knowledge originate from China; logic; spread

搜索词汇；公理化；几何原本；西学中源；逻辑；传播

Although axiomatic systems and proof method for temporal logic have found so far relatively few applications in the query language modeling of temporal database and that was proved by Gabbay, et al in 1994, the model of time axes still must be built axiomatically, which owns soundness and completeness and depicts the time axes in fine grain.

尽管在1994年，Gabbay等人论证了时态逻辑的公理化系统和证明论方法是不适合于时态数据库查询语言建模的，但是仍需要通过对时间轴的公理化建模，利用公理化系统的可靠和完全等性质对时间轴作"细精度"的语义刻画。

Finally, an example is given to illustrate how to do system verification based on FPTL and its axiomatic system.

最后通过一个实例来展示投影时序逻辑及公理系统在系统验证中的应用。

The most important development in mathematical logic for the philosophy of mathematics was Godel's proof that any axiomatic system powerful enough to formalise arithmetic will be incomplete in the sense that there will be truths which are not provable within the system.

数理逻辑中最重要的数学哲学的发展是哥德尔的证明，任何公理系统足够强大以正式算术将在这个意义上不完全会有真理不属于系统内证明的。

As we all known, with the founding of Euclidean geometry in ancient Greece, with the development of analytic geometry and other kinds of geometries, with F.Kline" s Erlanger program in 1872 and the new developments of geometry in 20th century such as topology and so on, man has developed their understand of geometry. On the other hand, Euclid formed geometry as a deductive system by using axiomatic theory for the first time. The content and method of geometry have dramatically changed, but the geometry curriculum has not changed correspondingly until the first strike from Kline and Perry" s appealing.

纵观几何学发展的历史，可以称得上波澜壮阔：一方面，从古希腊时代的欧氏综合几何，到近代解析几何等多种几何的发展，以及用变换的方法处理几何的埃尔朗根纲领，到20世纪拓扑学、高维空间理论等几何学的新发展，这一切都在不断丰富人们对几何学的认识；另一方面，从欧几里得第一次使用公理化方法把几何学组织成一个逻辑演绎体系，到罗巴切夫斯基非欧几何的发现，以及希尔伯特形式公理体系的建立，极大地发展了公理化思想方法，不管是几何学的内容还是方法都发生了质的飞跃。

In the aspect of forming theories, WM adopts axiomatic ways, while TCM adopts methods of thought models. Therefore, from the methodology of general science, we believe that the chief characteristic of WM is the axiomatic logical deduction adding experimenting system.

因此从一般科学方法论上看，西医总的特征是公理化的逻辑推演加实验系统，中医总的特征是取象比类的思维模型加经验系统。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。