逻辑

Agonistic logics, logics of ritual and seduction., are stronger than sex.

竞争逻辑，典礼和诱惑的逻辑，比性的更强。

But for China's diplomacy, the tragic ending is probably losing own behavioral logic into American great-power logic to adopt America-like diplomatic policy, which is not alarmism.

但就中国外交而言，最悲惨的结局可能就是失去了自己的行为逻辑而陷入美国的大国逻辑，采用美国相仿的外交政策。

Difference from other algebraic structures which are introduced for some logic system, Implication Algebra is a abstraction of one logic connective, i. e. implicative operator, and other operators in it are all introduced by implicative operator.

特别值得提出的是，与其它为研究逻辑系统而引入的代数结构不同，蕴涵代数是对一个逻辑联结词，即蕴涵算子抽象而得到的，其它算子均是由蕴涵算子诱导而得到。

In this paper, we discuss some kinds of special filters and congruence relation in fuzzy algebraic system MTL which is used extensively. The conceptions of the special filter are fuzzified in terms of the fuzzy set of Zadehs theories and further study them by way of logic algebra of n-value.

本文在具有广泛应用的模糊逻辑代数系统MTL-代数中，讨论了几类特殊滤子和同余关系，并且进一步用多值逻辑代数的方法研究它们。

We also get a representation theorem for Bi-difference sets.2. Ideal and filter are two important concepts in quantum logic. From the order structure and algebraic structures of effect algebra, there are many definitions of ideals and filters.

理想和滤子是量子逻辑中的两个重要概念，由于量子逻辑有自身的代数结构和序结构，因此有多种意义下的理想和滤子概念。

Fuzzy logic is studied with algebraic tools in this paper. A kind of algebraic abstract of fuzzy logic, Implication Algebra on a partial ordered set, is given. The relations between Implication Algebra and other algebraic structures, such as MV-Algebra and Heyting Algebra etc., and the filter and the structure of Implication Algebra on a partial ordered set are studied.

本文的目的是使用代数工具对模糊逻辑进行研究，给出模糊逻辑的一类代数抽象，即偏序集上的蕴涵代数，研究偏序集上蕴涵代数与其它代数结构，如MV-代数，Heyting代数之间的关系，以及偏序集上蕴涵代数的滤子与其结构等。

A polynomial system PS over the rational number field is constructed from the formula...,in a given many-valued logic system such that follows from ...,iff the algebraic variety defined by PS is empty, iff the idealenerated by PS is trivial.

由给定的多值逻辑系统中的一组公式，。。。，，出发，构造出了一组有理数域上的多项式PS，使得是，。。。，的逻辑结论，当且仅当PS定义的代数簇为空集，当且仅当PS生成的理想是平凡理想。

Many years of training in logic and scientific method can make us feel that logic and science are all-powerful.

多年的逻辑训练、科学教育，使我们以为逻辑与科学是无所不能的。

However, there exist some paradoxes in decision making logic, such as the Allais paradox and exchange paradox in expected utility theory, backward induction paradox and Gaifmann-Koons paradox originated from Newcomb problem in interactions, the famous Arrow voting paradox in group decision-making.

决策逻辑是社会科学的基础，然而在决策逻辑中存在悖论：不确定的概然决策中的期望收益理论面临阿莱斯悖论和"交换悖论"；互动决策中存在演绎性的逆向归纳法悖论，以及存在由纽柯姆难题改造而来的盖夫曼—孔斯悖论；群体决策中存在著名的阿罗悖论，等等。

The last part discusses some difficulties in the course of building knowledge predicate logic systems: recognizing agents across the worlds; logic almightiness; knowability paradox

第四部分：探讨在构建知道谓词逻辑系统中遇到的一些困难：认知主体知识的一致性，即跨世界识别个体的问题；逻辑全能问题；可知性悖论

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。