造园

Garden plants planted in the traditional sense is no longer the "greening"There was an urgent need to break through the monotony of the green screen, a more brilliant color developing world.

造园时的植物配植已经不再是传统意义上的"绿化"，人们迫切需要打破单调的绿色屏障，开拓一个更加灿烂的彩色世界。

And we certainly cannot go to this beautification model, which is also artificial, and is an extension of the classical gardening approach.

我们不能把自己的专业定位在"美化"上，这也是虚假的，是古典造园方式式的延伸。

This article is on the basis of reading much historical document and bookmaking, researching the garden aspects character and design principle of English Landscape Garden. Furthermore, with referencing Chinese Garden existing achievement and making use of typical examples to compare and analyze the two gardens, hope to get their commonness and differences from the design of space and structure, poem and painting artistic conception, design conception, gardening elements and etc.

本文在阅读大量文献基础上，运用中国园林的现有成果，以研究英国园林具体形态和设计手法为基础，通过典型个案具体分析，从园林的空间设计手法、诗画意境、设计理念、造园要素等多方位、多角度的对比分析，找寻两国园林艺术的共性及差异。

This article tries to trace back to the background of the 18th century again when the art of Chinese gardens had been disseminated in Europe, and emphatically analyzed the thought and those men who exerted tremendous influences on the dissemination of the art of Chinese garden, such as the relationship between "chinoiserie" and rococo style, and missionaries' recommendation about the art of Chinese gardens.

17、18世纪中西贸易的发展促进了中西文化的交流，激发了欧洲对中国艺术的热情，追溯了这一促使中国造园术在欧洲得以传播的时代背景，着重分析了其中对中国造园术在欧洲传播影响甚巨的人物与思想，诸如"中国热"的兴起与法国"洛可可"风格的关系，传教士对中国园林艺术的推介作用等。

From Ji Cheng's attitudes towards"artificial"and"natural", we knew his opinion of"nature and man are in one"; from the material enjoyment, mentally joviality and the noble-minded virtue in his art of gardening, we saw his living philosophy and morality view; through the analysis of his aesthetic psychological constitution, we exposed Ji Cheng's criteria of gardening and sentiment of aesthetics in the book that simplicity and elegance were beauty, diversity and variability were beauty, flexion and circumbendibus were beauty, loneness and hiding were beauty and vacant and remoteness were beauty; summarized Ji Cheng's artistic pursue in gardening which combined changing and innovation, harmony in meaning and scenery sharing, and reached the effect of natural views though created by man.

从计成在造园中处理"人作"与"天成"的关系，揭示其"天人合一"的宇宙观；计成把物质享受、生活闲适和精神愉悦以及超然于世俗与崇尚传统正直人品的道德理想注入造园理念中，体现了他的人生观和道德观；考察计成的审美心理结构，彰显其以雅朴、遵时、清赏为美，变幻多端为美，曲折委婉为美，幽静隐僻为美，空灵远逸为美的造园审美标准和《园冶》雅趣、幽趣、逸趣等审美情致；归纳计成勇于求变创新、妙于意味和谐、巧于借景取胜，达到自然天成意境的造园艺术追求。

Key words: Gardensarts; Topology phenomenon; Disassimilation of character; Grasping scale

如何把握合适的尺度，依然是造园者对美的追求的关键。

The aesthetics of the Britain Experimentalism modified the classical ideas, and brought a profound revolution in the history of garden.

经验主义美学的出现改变了西方长期以来的审美观，在造园上则表现为反规则的英国自然风景园的出现，美学思想的改变导致了西方造园史上的一场革命。

The research is done on the base of reorganization of the relevant references, as well as on-the-spot investigation of the typical botanical gardens in Beijing and Suzhou and selects the main bodies of the traditional gardens from different Chinese historical periods, linking them to a line by using the time as the ordinate axis. At the same time, this thesis creatively proposes the culture pattern of our country"s traditional landscape plants is "conservative","inheritance" and "development, by synthesizing the landscape gardening objects to form sides.

研究在相关文献资料的整理以及北京、苏州典型园林实地调查的基础上，以"点"的形式对不同历史时期中国传统园林的造园主体进行选取、以时间为纵轴将其贯穿成"线"、同时综合造园客体的文化选择形成"面"，创造性地提出我国传统园林植物构成的文化模式为"守旧型"、"传承型"和"拓展型"。

Ji Cheng was not only an experienced landscape architect, but also an outstanding theoretician.

计成不仅是一位经验丰富的造园家，而且是卓越的造园理论家。

This article tries to trace back to the background of the 18th century again when the art of Chinese gardens had been disseminated in Europe, and emphatically analyzed the thought and those men who exerted tremendous influences on the dissemination of the art of Chinese garden, such as the relationship between "chinoiserie" and rococo style, and missionaries' recommendation about the art of Chinese gardens.

17、18世纪中西贸易的发展促进了中西文化的交流，激发了欧洲对中国艺术的热情，追溯了这一促使中国造园术在欧洲得以传播的时代背景，着重分析了其中对中国造园术在欧洲传播影响甚巨的人物与思想，诸如&中国热&的兴起与法国&洛可可&风格的关系，传教士对中国园林艺术的推介作用等。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。