速度较慢的

Experimental results show that the proposed method is fast,stable and accurate,and the measuring accuracy of the modified CCD laser autocollimator is improved from 2 arcsec to ±0.25 arcsec in 0.23 s using the proposed method.

光电自准直仪中典型的激光CCD自准直仪因其较高的测量精度和稳定性得到了广泛的应用[6~10]，但其常用的定位方法，如重心定位法[7]、矩心内插法[8]等，均存在定位精度低、重复性差且计算速度慢的缺点。

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

High-pressure trunk-injection of iron fertilizer was reported to be effective to correct chlorosis, but the mechanism involved was unknown.

结果表明，铁肥树干强力高压注射，主要以二价铁(Fe2+)沿中央木质部的导管运输，大部分向下运输，使铁在根中大量贮存；向上运输较少，运输速度为每小时数百厘米，矫正缺铁失绿症的速度比根系输液慢，但由于根中贮存大量的铁，持效期较长。

The research result shows that the balance capability developed fastest,then secondary the capability of muscle strength and coordinating power while the development of movement speed and flexibility was relatively slow,but the movement range of the joint of body,waist and coxa etc as well as the extensibility of muscle ligam...

结果表明：幼儿各项身体素质的发展，平衡能力发展最快，其次为肌肉力量和协调用力的能力，位移速度和灵敏性的发展相对较慢，而躯干、腰、髋等部位关节的活动幅度和肌肉韧带的伸展性下降。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

It can be concluded that the periodic variation of tidal range and water level has both typical semidiurnal and diurnal and semi-monthly period of tide, and 64.8 d period of river runoff, which indicates that water level of the Zhujiang Delta is controlled by tide and river flow.

不同河段潮差及各分潮波振幅与径流量的大小具有明显的反相关关系，径流量越大，潮差越小，三水站潮差随流量以-0 0002的速度减小，网河区下游河段则减小得较慢。上游径流量越大，因克服径流的阻碍作用而消耗的能量越大，潮汐作用强度迅速减弱，各分潮潮波振幅和潮差沿程减小越快。

Cotyledon and hypocotyl ' s rate and quamity are the most among these explams , and callus can be obtained in 10 days by cotyledon and hypocotyl . reversely it is difficult to indue callus with root , and the callus from root is lnde and easy to become browning . the calius obtained from leaf grows very slow and does not become browning uniill in 2 or 3 months

银杏的不同器官和组织都能够诱导出愈伤组织来，其中，子叶和胚轴10d左右全部愈伤化，诱导速度和诱导率均最高，根则很难诱导，愈伤组织很少，褐化很快；叶片诱导的愈伤组织，生长慢，褐化也慢，在培养基上保持两三个月而不褐化；胚乳的诱导时间也较长，需要30d左右。

The results were as follows the change of vitamin C content was a "trial apex"-shape curve, higher in young fruit,incrustation and maturation stages, lower in other periods; the total acid content was the highest in young fruit, after that, it decreased rapidly, maintained lower level, and reached lowest when the fruit matured; the total content of soluble sugar inosculated with the fruit development, it was high when the fruit development was quick, and low when the fruit development was slow; before 59 d after anthesis, the reducing sugar content was high in the total content of soluble sugar and after that ,the nonreducing sugar content was high; before 45 d after anthesis, free amino acid content was obviously correlated with protein content, and they inosculated with the fruit development;4559 d after anthesis, free amino acid content increased quickly, and protein content decreased gradually, this was also the most shaping period of the embryo and endosperm.

结果表明，Vc含量呈&三峰&型曲线，幼果时、硬核后和成熟时较高，其他时期较低；有机酸含量以幼果期最高，以后迅速下降并维持较低水平，果实成熟时含量最低；可溶性总糖含量与果实发育状况基本相吻合，果实发育速度快时含量较高，慢时较低；在谢花后59 d以前，可溶性糖以还原糖为主，之后以非还原糖为主；游离氨基酸和蛋白质含量，在谢花后45 d以前两者呈高度相关，且与果实生长速度相吻合，谢花后4559 d是胚和胚乳的主要形成期，此期游离氨基酸含量迅速增加，蛋白质含量持续下降。西北林学院学报21卷第5期张传来等金光杏梅果实发育期间主要营养成分动态变化研究

The existing stone cutting tool, the tool bit is constituted by the sole grade's grinding material, when cutting the rough stone, the cutting speed is quick, the cutting efficiency is high, but the cutting surface fluctuates in a big way, becomes rough, after the cutting, grind and polishing take long time to do, if use the fine grinding compound, the cutting face is smooth, but the cutting speed is slow, the cutting efficiency is low, therefore the existing stone material cutting tool cannot have the high efficiency to cut the stone which have the smooth cutting surface, in view of this, how to keep the high working efficiency and get smooth cutting surface?

现有石材切具刀头由单一粒级的磨料构成，使用粗料时，切割速度快，切割效率高，但切割面起伏大，变得粗糙，切割后研磨抛光耗费时间长，使用细磨料，切割面较平整，但切割速度慢，切割效率低，因此现有石材切具不能高效率地切割出平整的石材，针对这一现状，如何既能高效率切割，又能使切割面保持平整呢？

Most players who want to create greater revolutions on the ball usually overturn the ball with the thumb. But, it must be noted that unusually high revs are not dependent on raw power and speed. For example, Bob Vespi, now retired, generated great revolutions (six revs before rolling past arrows; taped by Don Johnson), yet Vepsi threw one of the slowest deliveries on the tour.

很多球员为了想得到较高的转速，姆指往往都转过了头，还有，快的转速并不纯然来自於手给予球的提拉力道及速度，举个例来说： Don Johnson 曾录下己退休球员 Bob Vespi 的掷球过程，他的球速在巡回赛的职业球员中算是超级慢的，但是他的球在还没到达箭头前却已经转了6圈。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。