通路

This "internalist" approach differs from the orthodox "externalist" approach of most adaptationists who see ubiquitous natural selection as the major shaping force.

而这样的一种"内在论"的研究通路，不同于那种为绝大多数环境适应论者所持有的、正统的"外在论"的研究通路，后者认为无处不在的选择才是在塑造有机体外形的主要力量。

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor κB/ muscle RING finger protein1 (MuRF1) pathway is one of the most important molecular mechanisms in skeletal muscle atrophy.

摘要背景：在失神经骨骼肌萎缩中，核因子κB /MuRF1通路是最关键的分子机制之一，抑制该通路可以提高失神经骨骼肌的力量，保持肌肉数量和促进肌肉再生。

This paper brings forward the derivation and an explicit formula for the computation of the availability of a light path connection when shared-path-protection is adopted.

基本的保护方式有专用通路保护和共享通路保护两种。

AbstractThe final common pathway of glaucomatous optic nerve injury is retinal ganglion cells death.

视网膜神经节细胞死亡是青光眼视神经损伤的最终共同通路，阻断视神经损伤通路和增强视神经存活机制的方法称为视神经保护。

KIR bind corresponding HLA-Ⅰmay hame four results followed:1、When inhibitory KIR bind HLA-Ⅰand there has no activatory KIR bind it,cell isn\'t dissolve because inhibitory signal access was done;2、When activatory KIR bind corresponding HLA-Ⅰand there has no inhibitory KIR bind it,form activate signal,lead cell dissolve.3、If activatory or inhibitory receptor both bind HLA-Ⅰ,both signal access is make done,when activatory signal play the main role,NK cell still actived,lead target cell dissolve.4、If activatory or inhibitory receptor both bind HLA-Ⅰ,both signal access is make done,when inhibitory signal play the main role,or both signal access don\'t play,NK cell do not make effect.this is NK cell recognice nomal tissue.

与活化型KIR受体相比，抑制型KIR受体与HLA-Ⅰ类抗原结合的亲和性更强，当抑制型和活化型KIR受体识别和结合同一HLA-Ⅰ类抗原分子时，以抑制作用为主。KIR与相应HLA-Ⅰ结合后可能产生以下4种情况：①当抑制型KIR与HLA-Ⅰ结合而无活化型KIR与HLA-Ⅰ相互作用时，因抑制信号通路启动而不产生细胞溶解；②当活化型KIR与靶细胞表面的相应HLA-Ⅰ结合同时无抑制型KIR与HLA-Ⅰ的相互作用时，形成刺激信号通路，导致靶细胞溶解。

Shortest path Hamiltonian path and can be obtained over the shortest path and Hamiltonian path.

最短路径和哈密顿通路，可以求得多条最短路径和哈密顿通路。

It is thought that the advantages of this method are:①dialyze completely beause of the volume of blood flow up to 200 to 300ml per minute ,②affect cardiovascular system alighily beause of blood flow form vien to vein during the pocess of hemodialysis ,③keep patients moving freely,and ④indwell catheter several weeks.

作者认为锁骨下静脉双胜留置导管血液透析的优点很多，首先，血流量可达200～300ml／min，能保证充分透析；另一方面透析时血液循环是静脉到静脉，对心血管系统影响小；该部位插管病人活动不受限，且导管留置时间可长达数周，所以不仅可作和临时性血透通路，也可作为长期维持性血液透析的血透通路。

One component or path in a system, the failure of which would make the system inoperable.

系统中的一个组件或者通路，该组件或者通路的故障将导致整个系统瘫痪。

Simplified the complex assembly access identification is simplified to the polygonal largest inscribed circle computation. Determined the pipe route by the spline interpolation whose nodes were the centers of polygonal largest inscribed circle list.

将复杂装配通路的识别简化为多边形最大内切圆求解；管道敷设路径则由若干典型装配通路横截面最大内切圆圆心插值曲线来确定；管道敷设路径的优化采用直线逼近曲线算法。

There are evidences that intracellular signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

由多基因组成的信号通路及通路间的相互作用在精神分裂症发病中可能起重要作用。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。