通路

The activation of NRM neurons by electroaeupuncture was eliminated after decerebration at superior colliculus level, indicating that this effect of EA depends mainly on the supra-midbrain structure. Furthermore, all treatments including AR isolation, disconnection of #beta#-endorphinergic tract and micrpinjection of naloxone or anti-#beta#-endorphin serum into PAG, would make the effect of EA disappear. Thus, it is the #beta#-endorphinergic pathway between AR and PAG-NRM system that mediates the major excitatory effect of EA on NRM.

检验AR至 PAG-NRM的神经通路在电针效应中的作用：实验显示上丘水平去大脑后，电针兴奋NRM的效应完全消失，表明此效应主要依赖中脑以上结构实现，进一步分别用Halfisz氏刀游离AR、切断AR至PAG的β-End能束、PAG内注射纳洛酮或抗β-End血清后，也使电针效应基本上完全消失，说明电针使NRM神经元兴奋的效应，主要通过AR与PAG-NRM间的β-End能神经通路实现。

But the analysis result indicates channel conflict has significant positive effects on channel cooperation, it is also very deducible to study.

实证结果更发现，在制造商与经销商间维持一定程度的通路冲突，对通路合作产生正面影响。

Exogenous E2 alone has no effect on cell viability and apoptosis of H9C2 cells, but it can decrease the sensitivity of H9C2 cells to H_2O_2,hence,protect cells against apoptosis caused by oxidative stress.2Exogenous E_2 has downregulation effect on TβRⅠand TβRⅡof H9c2 cells,blocking ER may delete this effect of estradiol.H9c2 cells express ERβonly,suggests that E_2 may exert modulating effect on TGF-βpathway through ERβ.

外源性E2本身并不能影响H9c2细胞凋亡，但能够降低H9c2细胞对H_2O_2的敏感性，保护细胞抵抗氧化应激引起的凋亡。2外源性E2对H9c2细胞的TβRⅠ以及TβRⅡ具有下调作用，阻断ER可消除E2对TβRⅠ和TβRⅡ的下调作用；E2可进一步通过TGF-β通路降低受体后磷酸化smad2/3的水平；H9c2细胞仅表达ERβ，提示E2可能是通过ERβ发挥其对TGF-β通路的调控作用。

Following the emerging of internet, traditional retail channels of books, banks, stocks, tourism and ticketing have faced the challenges from many internet-based businesses which eliminating intermediary between buyers and sellers make products or services to sell cheaper and faster. And there are many researches on such kind of disintermediation effects in foreign society. But till now there is not any kind of disintermediation study in Taiwan. This study is a beginning research of disintermediation in Taiwan.

随著网路的崛起，传统实体通路的存在价值与市场地位也饱受威胁，在市场上的实际演变，书店、银行、证券、旅游、机票等中介者的角色，明显的已可被电子商务网站所取代，因此在国外已经有很多针对网路对实体通路产生「去中介化」之研究，在国内虽然也有类似的现象产生，但迄今还没有类似的研究，所以本研究有开启此议题研究先河之意义。

The math models of the tree structure chart and the net structure chart are formed by describing the different road state abstractly.The tree structure chart model is presented without consideration of U structure and ring structure. This kind of model has a notable feature: there is a line only between the two dot in the chart, which means that there is only one road from one point to another point in expressway ,so the tree structure chart is called "single roads chart".

在不考虑U型路段和环路的情况下，提出了高速公路的树状结构图模型，该模型具有一个显著的特点：图中两点之间有且仅有一条连线，这意味着由高速公路上的一个地点到达另一个地点仅有一条通路，也称这种高速公路树状结构图为"单路径图"；考虑到包含U型路段和环路的高速公路路况，提出了高速公路的网状结构图模型，这种模型可抽象成一个连通图，即图中任意两点之间至少有一条直线相连，这意味着由高速公路上的一个地点到达另一个地点有多条通路，也称这种高速公路网状结构图为"多路径图"。

A baffle wall located inside containment is used to establish within containment an air upflow path and an air downflow path in convective exchange.

位于外壳内的缓冲壁用于在外壳内建立进行对流交换的上气流通路和下气流通路。

They are switches that enable one electric current to control the passage of another.

它们以开关的方式工作，使得一个通路中的电流可以控制另一通路中的电流。

We hypothesized that Notch signaling might play an important role in specifying endothelial progenitors from the mesoderm, given that this pathway acts as a bipotential cell-fate switch on equipotent progenitor populations in other settings.

由于在其他系统中的研究表明，Notch信号通路在同一潜能的前体细胞走向两种不同命运的过程中发挥着关键的转换作用，我们假定该通路在中胚层特化为内皮前体细胞的过程中也发挥重要功能。

These results indicate that the ERK pathway may participate in the molecular mechanism of depression.

这些结果提示ERK信号通路可能参与了抑郁行为的调节，但并不能得出ERK信号通路损伤是导致抑郁行为产生的原因的结论。

Positive association were still remained for two locus that MNAT1-rs973063 and PCNA-rs25406 and lung cancer risk even after 1000 times permutation test.During the stratified analysis,we revealed that that several genes in the NER pathway could interact with age,gender,family cancer history and smoking status.

在进行了多重校正后，有两个位点仍显示出关联显著性：MNAT1-rs973063(p=0.02)，PCNA-rs25406(p=0.03)；在随后进行的分层分析中，我们发现NER通路多个基因分别和年龄、性别、肿瘤家族史以及吸烟状况之间存在互作，提示该通路基因位点可能主要是通过和环境交互作用产生效应；我们还进行了单倍型的分析，结果发现PCNA和RPA1两个基因上的单倍型和肺癌易感性相关。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。