通婚的

Based on correlative data and information obtained from overall questionnaire and colloquia on relationship among nationalities in Shanghai,this paper makes an analysis of the current situation about relationship among nationalities in Shanghai from these aspectsintercourse,inhabitation, intermarriage of minorities.

本文根据全面的问卷调查和相关座谈会所获得的上海市民族关系的数据与资料，从少数民族的角度，以民族交往、社区居住、民族通婚为指标来反映上海市民族关系的现状，并对民族关系现有的优势和不足进行了简要概括。

Decades ago, the nuclear family implied one man, one woman and their off spring, usually of the same race. Today there is no limit to what loving families look like. We have single mothers, single fathers, two mommies, two daddies, ex-wives, ex-in-laws, you name it. If we're going to universally apply a law, we need to look at what it is that law strives to protect. Nobody can say that the Richardsons are not a loving family. They are honest and caring, their children are confident and kind. With so many monogamous couples breaking up, this true family unit should be held in high esteem. Instead, we seek to destroy them simply because they consensually engaged in a loving relationship that all parties wanted.

数十年前，一个家庭的核心由一男一女和他们的子女所组成，通常都是同一种族通婚，今天，家庭的观念早已发生了变化，我们有单身母亲，单身父亲，两个母亲，两个父亲，前妻，前夫，各种各样的称呼，要切实地执行法律，我们需要了解法律所保护的到底是什么，没有人能够指责Richardson一家不是一个和睦的家庭，他们相互坦诚，相互关怀，他们的孩子自信而友善，在有着这么多单亲家庭的社会中，他们的家庭应该得到敬重，但是相反，我们在尝试摧毁他们，仅仅是因为他们相亲相爱，而这是他们共同的愿望。

We shall there endeavour to establish the following propositions:-1. That the most ancient system in which the idea of blood-relationship was embodied, was the system of kinship through females only. 2. That the primitive groups were, or were assumed to be, homogenous. 3. That the system of kinship through females only tended to render the exogamous groups heterogeneous, and thus to supersede the system of capturing wives. 4. That in the advance from savagery the system of kinship through females only was succeeded by a system which acknowledged kinship through males also; and which, in most cases passed into a system which acknowledged kinship through males only. 5. That the system of kinship through males tended to rear up homogeneous groups, and thus to restore the original condition of affairs- wher the exogamous prejudice survived- as regards both the practice of capturing wives and the evolution of the form of capture. 6. That a local tribe, under the combined influence of exogamy and the system of female kinship, might attain a balance of persons of different sexes regarded as being of different descent, and that thus its members might be able to intermarry with the principle of exogamy. 7. That a local tribe, having reached this stage and grown proud through success in war, might decline intermarriage with other local tribes and become a caste.

我们将明确一下命题：1、大部分包括血统联系观念的古代体系是只通过女系计算血族关系的体系。2、原始群是或被假定是纯系的。3、只按女系计算血族关系的系统倾向于实行异类群的外婚制，并因而取代盗妻的体系。4、从只按女系计算血族关系的野蛮系统发展来的高级系统为也承认通过父系计算血族关系的系统所继承。5、通过父系计算血族关系的系统往往跃回均质的群体，并且因此恢复到事情的原始状态——外婚的偏执得以幸存——被认为既是实行盗妻的又是从盗妻发展的。6、一个本地部落在外婚制和女系血族关系的联合影响下，可能达到被认为不同世系的不同性别人们的平衡，而且因此成员可能得以按外婚原则通婚。7、到达这一阶段而且通过胜利的战争获得自豪的本地部落，可能拒绝与本地部落的联姻而变成世袭种姓。

Stoke-d'Urberville took her back to the lawn and into the tent, where he left her, soon reappearing with a basket of light luncheon, which he put before her himself. It was evidently the gentleman's wish not to be disturbed in this pleasant t te--te by the servantry. 'Do you mind my smoking?' he asked. 'Oh, not at all, sir.

不过他在这方面并不是一个让想法失了分寸的人，在新的基础上重建他的家庭这棵树的时候，总是合情合理地编造家族之间的通婚和同贵族的联系，从来不在严格合适的身分上加上其它的头衔。

The days when such distinctions were so nicely weighed and considered no longer exist in France, and the first families of the monarchy have intermarried with those of the empire.

法国现在已不再是注重门第观念的时代了，君主国的家庭已和帝国的家庭联姻，用长枪的贵族已和用炮筒的贵族阶层通婚。

Now, living in the Kanas Lake, a primitive tribal, they Hillwood home to grazing, hunting living, knifing to the mountain pine huts erected, take off the thick skins to withstand cold, the use of primitive cooking Modulation a fragrant milk wine, and they do not alien marriages, and others struggle, a self-proclaimed them to Tuva people to their own ancestors of Genghis Khan, the old saying that the names of their ancestors remember every Tuva is the responsibility of descendants of people, they leisurely generations live in this Shiwaitaowan Kanas, known as the forest people.

现在，在喀纳斯湖畔居住着一个原始部落，他们以山林为家，以放牧、狩猎为生，砍来山上的松木搭建起木屋，剥下厚厚的兽皮抵御严寒，使用原始的炊具调制出香喷喷的奶酒，他们不与外族通婚，不与他人争斗，他们以图瓦人自居，以成吉思汗为自己的先祖，古训说牢记祖先的名字是每一个图瓦人子孙的责任，他们世代悠闲地生活在喀纳斯这片世外桃园中，被称做&林中百姓&。

What were the habits of those monks and feudalists? How did they treat their underlings? What were the practices and daily routines of the Lamas? Were they respectful to ordinary citizens? How did the life and the rights of women look like?? What were successful projects in Tibet were Chinese and Tibetians cooperated very successfully and in friendship? Are there any happy marriages between Han-Chinese and Tibet-people? Were Tibetian kids allowed to go to school in China, how did they like it and did they have a successful career?

在解放前普通西藏人的生活是怎样的，活佛和封建地主日常的癖好是什么，他们怎样对待下属，喇嘛们每天干些什么，他们对普通人是否彬彬有礼，妇女的权利怎样，见证汉藏两族人民友好的成功工程有哪些，汉藏之间有没有通婚现象，藏族学生是否可以到中国其它地方的学校学习，他们是否喜欢那些学校，毕业后能否找到合适的工作？

Such a birth requires, as its antecedents, not only a series of carefully arranged intermarriages, but also a long, continued exercise of frugality and self-control on the part of the would-be ancestors of the coming Equilateral, and a patient, systematic, and continuous development of the Isosceles intellect through many generations.

这样的生育需要，因为它的先例，不仅精心安排了一系列通婚，但也是一项长期，持续行使节俭和自我控制的想成为祖先的一部分，未来等边，和病人，系统性和持续发展的等腰经过许多代人的智慧。

Such a birth requires, as its antecedents, not only a series of carefully arranged intermarriages, but also a long, continued exercise of frugality and self-control on the part of the would-be ancestors of the coming Equilateral, and a patient, systematic, and continuous development of the Isosceles intellect through many generations.

正如前例，这样的出身不仅需要一系列小心安排的通婚；而且需要未来的等边三角形的那些所谓的祖先，在节俭与自控方面，进行长期的、连续的训练；另外，等腰三角形的智力要历经几代的努力，耐心的、系统的、持续的发展。

In a sense, I'm a pure product of that era: As the child of a mixed marriage, my life would have been impossible, my opportunities entirely foreclosed, without the social upheavals that were then taking place.

从某种意义上说，我纯粹是那个时代的产物：作为黑人和白人通婚生下的孩子，如果没有发生当时的社会剧变，我的生活会是异常艰难的，我将被完全挡在机会的大门外。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。