通商口岸

Shanghai had become the foreign trade center of China soon after it opened as the treaty port.

作为中国最早开放的通商口岸之一，上海开埠后即迅速跃升为全国对外贸易中心。

Upper class of Chinese people residing in foreign concessions and lower class living on the edge of city,there form a mode of social space as center-edge in treaty port city.

华人上层聚居租界和社会下层的边缘化，形成了中心-边缘型通商口岸城市社会空间的一种模式。

The treaty port network ; city system ; the population history ; modern time

通商口岸体系；城市体系；人口史；近代

It is only 10 years since Hong Kong was emancipated from the British Empire to become a Chinese Special Administrative Region, but half a century since Shanghai shook off its own colonial past as a Treaty Port to become the second city of the People's Republic of China.

自从香港脱离英国成为中国的特别行政区，时间刚刚过去10年，而上海摆脱殖民时代通商口岸的地位，成为中国第二大城市的时间已长达半个世纪。

In late Qing Dynasty,it is the fact of the modern China's "semi-colonial and semi-feudal" societal structure that the treaty port network centered on Shanghai stood up as an equal to the traditional political capital of Beijing.

晚清时期以上海为中心的通商口岸体系与以北京为代表的传统政区体系分庭抗礼，是近代中国"半殖民地半封建"社会的结构性写照。

However, with the beginning of modern society, the coastal advantages of Yantai emerged slowly, and it transferred to a modern commercial town from an ancient fishing village thanks to its foreign trade, which was one reason why later be selected by foreign invaders as the first treaty port.

但是随着近代社会的开始，烟台濒海的优势慢慢凸显出来，烟台对外贸易的发展使其由一个古代小渔村逐渐向近代工商业市镇转变，这为后来外国侵略者选中烟台作为山东首个通商口岸打下了基础。

Compradors are the eminent social estate and biggish force in the treaty ports of modern China.

买办是近代中国通商口岸显赫的、有较大影响力的社会阶层。

The government of Qing Dynasty flurriedly gives in distinctly,and signing Nanjing Treaty offering for sale the Chinese nation rights and interests against the English way ,the substance possess :2100thousand silver units pay reparations ;Ceding Hong Kong island,five towies in the open Guangzhou ,Shanghai ,Xiamen ,Fuzhou and NingBo are the trade port and wait that This is the first unequal pact the government signed by the force of foreign invaders.

清政府慌忙投降，与英方签订了出卖中华民族权益的《南京条约》，内容有：赔款2100万银元；割让香港岛，开放广州、上海、厦门、福州、宁波五个城市为通商口岸等等，这是外国侵略者强迫清政府签订的第一个不平等条约。

It damaged the Chinese sovereignty. Zeng Jize gave a series of propositions about amending treaties, abrogating treaties and abloshing the privilege of the aggressors.

在不平等条约下，西方列强在中国攫取了诸如领事裁判权、协定关税、通商口岸与租界、外籍税务司、沿海及内河航行、宗教与教育、鸦片贸易等众多特权，严重破坏了中国主权和领土完整，损害了中华民族的利益，使中国逐步沦为半殖民地的国家。

Chongqing's development is centered at docks, outspreading to the banks along the Jialing and Yangtze rivers. Chaotianmen dock is the most famous one in the city, which opened as the first trading port. In 1891, Senchang Match Company was established, the first entrepreneur in Chongqing's modern industrial history.

朝天门码头让世界早早地牵手重庆，也注定了这个城市的发展是以码头为中心向两江沿岸展开；也是在同一地点，重庆开始了它通商口岸的历程。1891年&森昌洋火公司&设立，成为这个城市第一家工业企业。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。