透析

Methods 181 cases of uremia patients who received hemodialysis in our hospital from 2001 to 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.

2001～2008年在我院透析的181例患者，男106例，女75例，年龄17～86岁，平均54.9岁，透析时间6个月～13年，平均2.4年。

There were no concentrations less than 5 mcg/mL; Average concentration of all pre-hemodialysis was 12.6 ± 3.6 mcg/mL. Average concentration of all pre-hemodialysis for anuric patients (n=10) was 14.2±3.6 mcg/mL.

结果：17位病患，总共获得102个药物浓度，全部透析前浓度介於5~20有49 (96.1%)个浓度，大於20有2 (3.9%)个浓度，最低浓度为7.22，最高为22.75，没有低於5的浓度；全部血液透析前浓度的平均值为12.6±3.6；没有残余肾功能的患者(n=10)平均的血中浓度为14.2±3.6 mcg/mL。

Objective To investigate the cause of native arterio-venous fistula aneurysm and prevention measures. Methods There were 7 cases with snuff-box arteriovenous fistula and 53 cases with brachiocephalic fistulas. Among them, 14 patients had to made second fistulas in the same arm .Spring tape around the arm was used to stop bleeding after dialysis.

目的 研究血液透析患者动静脉内瘘动脉瘤形成的原因及预防措施方法选取我科透析患者60例，其中鼻咽窝7例，左右臂内瘘53例（第二次同侧手臂手术14例）；穿刺方法绳梯式穿刺和局域穿刺；止血方法主要采用弹力绷带压迫法。

Methods: 60 cases of chronic severe hepatitis were divided into observe group and control group randomly, 30 cases in respectively. Control group was treated with routine approaches comprised of liver protecting, kata-ALT, detoxicating and albumin supplementing, et al, at the same time, adding colon herbs dialysis to the cases of observe group with HC-3000 therapeutic machine. At first, intermittence lavage using coloclysis solution at the depth of 50cm, 60min, then infund 100~200ml herbs colon dialysis solution constituted by rhubarb, acori graminei, semen raphani, dandelion, oyster and cornu bubali, at al, remaining 1~2h, biw, continuous 4wks. Observe the amelioration of primary symptoms, physical signs and complications in all of the cases, as well as the change of liver function, prothrombin time and the contents of blood ammonia.

60例慢性重型肝炎患者按分层随机配对分为观察组和对照组各30例，对照组给予常规护肝、降酶、退黄以及补充白蛋白等支持治疗，观察组在基础上加用HC-3000结肠途径治疗机透析治疗，每次先用结肠灌洗液间歇灌洗60min，深度50cm，然后注入由大黄、石首蒲、莱菔子、蒲会英、牡蛎、水牛角等组成的中药结肠透析液100~200mL，保留灌肠1~2h，每周2次，连续4周后观察患者主要症状、体征及并发症的改善情况，同时检测治疗前后肝功能(TBil、ALT、ALB、CHE)、凝血酶原时间和血氨(NH3)等指标。

Sixty patients (20 males and 40 females) were randomly selected from long-term hemodialysis patients and the dialytic process was divided into 6 time periods.

由长期透析病人中随机选出60人（男性20人、女性40人）；将透析过程分成六个时间点。

This kind of cure uses human body albumin to serve as dialytic fluid, a kind of albumin is wrapped by hollow fiber film makes dialyzer, combine standard HD at the same time, achieve the goal that at the same time cleared water-solubility toxin reachs PBT.

这种治疗采用人体白蛋白作为透析液，一种白蛋白包被的空心纤维膜作透析器，同时联合标准HD，达到同时清除水溶性毒素及PBT的目的。

Bioassay results of the PN1 toxin components after dialyzation indicated that the PN1 toxic substance wasn't single compound.

对PN1毒素原液透析及透析后各组分的毒性测定结果表明PN1细菌毒素并不是单一化合物。

First, removing protein by Sevage method. According to literature, it had best efficiency when polysaccharide liquid 2mg·mL~(-1) was treated with chloroform: n-butanol (3:1) and repeated for 3 times. Second, moving pigment with H_2O_2. In order to shorten the time and prevent the broken of structure of polysaccharide, the experiment was operated at 37℃. The following were dialyzation, concentration(60℃) and freeze-drying.

首先Sevage法除蛋白，根据文献，确定氯仿：正丁醇为3：1，多糖浓度2mg·mL~(-1)时，重复三次，除蛋白效果最佳；脱色采用了双氧水氧化法，为加快脱色时间，又要避免双氧水对多糖结构的破坏，实验在37℃下进行；透析、浓缩、干燥过程同样为了保证多糖结构的完整性和提取后物质疏松易溶解，先透析，然后60℃浓缩，最后是冷冻干燥。

The Th1/Th2 ratio was decreased markedly in uremic patients (P＜0.05). Conclusions Uremic patients showed Th2 predominance. LYmphopenia and Th1/Th2 imbalance may contribute to the immuno-insufficiency in HD patients.

尿毒症患者T细胞亚群表现为Th2优势，透析患者存在B淋巴细胞减少，淋巴细胞亚群的这些改变可能参与了血液透析患者免疫功能下降的发病机理。

"Conventional hemodialysis continues to save lives, but we now have the technology to improve the lot of dialysis patients," says Dr. Rénee Lévesque, nephologist and lead physician in the HDF program at CHUM, and a professor with the medical faculty of the Université de Montréal.

&常规血液透析继续拯救生命，但我们现在的技术，以改善很多透析患者，&医生说蕾妮莱韦斯克， nephologist ，并导致医生在高密度纤维板项目在春，并教授医学院的大学蒙特利尔。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。