逆转录酶病毒

Previous studies have demonstrated that nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors act as chemical enhancers of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RT dimerization.

以往的研究已经表明，非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂作为化学增强人体免疫缺陷病毒1型（ HIV - 1病毒）逆转录二聚体。

Methods BALB/c mice were anesthetized with ether and infected intracranially with 20 μl 4.5×108 plaque forming units of coxsackievirus B3. CVB3 RNA in mice brain was detected by reversal transcription polymerase chain reaction and the pathological changes of brain tissues were observed by HE staining.

BALB/c纯系小鼠分两组，实验组小鼠颅内直接注射滴度为4.5×108 pfu的柯萨奇病毒B3悬液20 μl，对照组颅内注射生理盐水20 μl，应用逆转录酶聚合酶链反应法测定脑组织中CVB3 RNA含量，HE染色观察脑组织病理学的改变。

AIM: To isolate bioactive secondary metabolites from the fruits of Schisandra rebriflora Rehd. et. Wils and study their effects on HIV-1 infectivity. METHODS: Inhibition of syncytia formation, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease, protection of HIV-1 infected cells, level of HIV-1 p24 antigen,blockage of fusion were detected. RESULTS: A lignan compound, named rubrifloralignan A, was first isolated as a natural product with modest inhibition effects on syncytium formation and HIV- 1 replication and could protect HIV-1 infected cells with weak inhibition effects on fusion and RT, but it showed no effects on the replication of HIV-1 chronic H9 and PR. CONCLUSION: Rubrifloralignan A is an efficient anti-HIV-1 product with effect on early stage of HIV-1 replication.

目的：从红花五味子果实中寻找活性代谢产物，研究其抗HIV—1活性和作用机制方法：通过合胞体抑制、HIV-1感染细胞保护、HIV—1p24抗原测定、融合阻断、逆转录酶和蛋白酶活性分析等实验，检测分离化合物的抗HIV—1活性并探讨其作用机制一结果：红花五味子甲素能够抑制病毒诱导的合胞体形成，保护病毒感染细胞，抑制病毒在细胞内的复制对HIV-1感染细胞与正常CD4^＋细胞间的融合，逆转录酶活性有一定的抑制作用但是红花五味子甲素不抑制病毒在慢性感染细胞中的复制，也不抑制蛋白酶的活性、结论：首次从天然产物中分离得到红花五味子甲素，它对HIV—1病毒复制早期具有抑制作用

For most viruses,there is aneed for antimicrobials that target unique viral molecular properties.Acycloviris one such drug.It is activated into ahuman herpesvirusDNA polymerase inhibitor exclusively by HHV kinases and,thus,does not suppress other viruses.Here,we show that ACV suppresses HIV-1in HHV-coinfected human tissues,but not in HHV-free tissue or cell cultures.However,addition of HHV-6-infected cells renders these cultures sensitive to anti-HIV ACV activity.We hypothesized that such HIV suppression requires ACV phosphorylation by HHV kinases.Indeed,an ACV monophosphorylated prodrug bypasses the HHV requirement for HIV suppression.Furthermore,phosphorylated ACV directly inhibits HIV-1reverse transcriptase,terminating DNA chain elongation,and can trap RT at the termination site.These data suggest that ACV anti-HIV-1activity may contribute to the response of HIV/HHV-coinfected patients to ACV treatment and could guide strategies for the development of new HIV-1RT inhibitors.

对大多数病毒而言，都需要有针对其分子特性的靶向杀毒剂阿昔洛韦就是这样一种靶向药物在人疱疹病毒酶的特定作用下，阿昔洛韦被激活成为人疱疹病毒DNA聚合酶抑制剂，因此不能再抑制其它的病毒我们的研究发现阿昔洛韦在共感染人疱疹病毒的组织中可以抑制HIV-1，但在无人疱疹病毒感染的组织或细胞中无此作用然而，加入人疱疹病毒-6感染的细胞却使得其对抗HIV的阿昔洛韦变得敏感我们推测这种抑制作用依赖于人疱疹病毒酶导致的阿昔洛韦磷酸化实际上，单磷酸化的阿昔洛韦前体药物无需人疱疹病毒的参与即可抑制HIV此外，磷酸化的阿昔洛韦能直接抑制HIV-1逆转录酶，将其阻止在终止位点，从而终止DNA链的延长这些结果提示阿昔洛韦的抗HIV-1活性决定了艾滋病病毒/人疱疹病毒共感染的患者对阿昔洛韦的治疗反应，也有助于开发新的HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂

American virologist特明, the United States virologist Baltimore found that the "reverse transcriptase" reveals the existence of biological genetic RNA formed by the DNA process, and the development and improvement of the Central Dogma.

美国病毒学家特明、美国病毒学家巴尔的摩发现了"逆转录酶"，揭示了生物遗传中存在着由RNA形成DNA的过程，发展和完善了"中心法则"。

As a retrovirus, HIV is consist of two monocatenarian RNA and converted to proviral bicatenarian DNA by reverse transcriptase.

HIV是一种逆转录病毒，有两条单链RNA组成，在逆转录酶的作用下，转录成前病毒双链DNA。

As a result, as long as the reverse transcriptase enzyme found on certain of the existence of retroviruses.

因此，只要找到了逆转录酶，就可以肯定逆转录病毒的存在。

For example, the single-stranded RNAs of retroviruses have about 10,000 nucleotides and the QβRNA is only 4,220 nucleotides long.

举个例子，单链RNA的逆转录酶病毒有大约10，000个核苷酸，而QβRNA只有4，220个核苷酸长度。

For example, the single- strand ed RNAs of retroviruses have about 10,000 nucleotides and the QβRNA is only 4,220 nucleotides long.

举个例子，单链RNA的逆转录酶病毒有大约10，000个核苷酸，而QβRNA只有4，220个核苷酸长度。

This game plan backfired, however, when the spread of AIDS in Africa and the widely recognized need for cheaper anti-retroviral drugs created huge pressure on the pharmaceutical industry during the few years preceding the Cancún meeting. The U.S.

然而，由于艾滋病在非洲蔓延，人们广泛认识到需要廉价的抗逆转录酶病毒的药物，在坎昆会议之前，制药产业面临来自各方面的巨大压力，事情终于有所变化。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。