逆

The characteristic, difference and relation of the normal and inverse design are compared detailedly. The formula of the first and second class eigen sensitivity are given. For the horizotal vibration system of building structure, the sensitivity method and perturbation method are adopted to modify the dynamic characteristics. The inverse eigenvalue problem of Jacobi matrix and the positive, symmetry, band matrix are studied. The method of Evolutionany Computation is first used in the inverse design of building structure, the principal problems are studied. The features of aseismatic inverse design of building are analysed.

本文较详细地比较了正、逆设计的特点；给出了特征值和特征向量的一阶和二阶灵敏度分析公式；对于建筑结构水平振动系统，提出了结构动态特征的修改方法；对Jacobi矩阵及实对称带状矩阵的逆特征值问题进行了分析研究，首次将其引入建筑结构抗震逆设计中；首次将进化计算方法应用于建筑结构抗震逆设计中，对主要问题作了探讨；对建筑结构抗震逆设计的特点进行了分析，提出未来的发展方向和前景。

The aim of this paper is to study the generalized inverse of matrices on rings, the generalized inverse of morphism and partial ordering of matrices.

矩阵广义逆的研究包括环上矩阵的广义逆，范畴中态射的广义逆，广义逆矩阵的计算和广义逆矩阵的应用等。

Experiment 3: Affections of Ginger Extraction on Cardiac Systolic/Diastolic Function of Rabbits with Heart Failure and the Comparison Between Ginger Extraction and 4-Retro-decoction (Si-hi Tang,四逆汤) Method 50 pure-breed New-Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated into 5 groups: control group, low (0.028mL/kg), middle (0.056mL/kg) and high (0.112mL/kg) dosage Ginger group, and 4-Retro-decoction group. The heart failure model of rabbit was established by intravenous administration of 20g/L pentobarbital sodium (0.15 mL·kg〓·min〓) at a certain rate. Oral tube perfusion of Ginger extraction was administrated after the establishment of the model. Their hemodynamic changes were detected before and after the model establishment, and at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes respectively after the ginger administration by a RM-6000 4-graph physiological monitor.

干姜提取物对兔急性心衰模型心脏功能及血流动力学的影响及其与四逆汤作用的比较方法以50只纯种新西兰兔为研究对象，随机分为低、中、高剂量干姜组，溶剂对照组和四逆汤对照组，共5组，以0.15mL·kg〓·min〓静脉恒速给予20g／L戊巴妥钠的方法建立兔急性心力衰竭模型，造模成功后，经口插管入胃灌服受试品，用RM—6000四道生理仪测定造模前、造模成功时及用药后5min、10min、15min、20min、30min、45min、60min、90min、120min、150min兔的心肌舒缩性能指标，观察各时段指标的变化情况。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

At first, this paper surveys nonlinear control and the applications of neural networks in control respectively. Then it studies definitions, mathematical descriptions and conditions of invertibility for nonlinear systems, which are used to analyze the feasibility of inverse system control method. Conclusions about the feasibility of inverse control and the realizability of αth-order inverse systems in engineering are achieved. Furthermore, this paper discusses the feasibility, structure and identification of neural network αth-order inverse system for general single-input single-output continuous or discrete nonlinear systems and various composite control methods based on the αth-order inverse. At last, as a part work of an actual project, this paper focuses on the design of neural network αth-order inverse control method for thyristor controlled series compensation in power systems and its effect in improving the stability of power systems.

本文首先分别概述非线性系统的控制与人工神经网络在控制中的应用；然后研究非线性系统各种可逆性的定义、数学描述及可逆性条件，并用于分析逆系统控制方法的可行性，得出有关逆系统控制方法可行性的结论，阐明一般情况下α阶逆系统才工程可实现；接着本文针对一般单输入单输出连续、离散非线性系统，研究神经网络α阶逆系统的可行性、结构与辨识以及基于神经网络α阶逆系统的各种复合控制方法，并给出应用例子；最后本文结合实际项目，针对采用可控串补的电力系统，设计神经网络α阶逆系统控制方法，研究其对提高电力系统稳定性的作用。

We call L n=1-matrices for N_0~1-matrices. Meyer introduced the concept of the Perron complement of a nonnegative and irreducible matrix in 1989 and used it to construct an algorithm for computing the stationary distribution vector for Markov chains. We extend the Perron complements of nonnegative and irreducible matrices to the Perron complements of nonpositive and irreducible matrices.

我们这里是把Perron余的概念推广到了非正不可约矩阵，显然它也具有非负矩阵相类似的性质，逆N 01矩阵又是特殊的非负矩阵，我们证明了在一定条件下，逆N 01矩阵和N 02矩阵的广义Perron余的继承性，并给出了相关的不等试：逆N 01矩阵和N 02矩阵的广义Perron余逆矩阵的不等式；逆N 01矩阵的主子阵与其逆矩阵的不等式。

The second chapter discussed the definition and nature of dashes inverse A in generalized inverse as well as its application in compatible linear equations. The third chapter discussed the definition and calculation of the minimum norm inverse A in generalized inverse, as well as the Minimal Norm Solution of its compatible linear equations Ax = b.

前言从引进广义逆矩阵的定义着手，介绍了它的历史概况以及发展的背景及其意义；第1章从广义逆的发展历程讨论由Moore-Penrose方程确定的各种广义逆的定义；第2章讨论广义逆中的减号逆A 的定义及性质以及在相容线性方程组的应用；第3章讨论广义逆中的最小范数逆A 的定义及计算以及它与相容线性方程组Ax=b的极小范数解。

The preface gave the definition and introduced history, background of development and significance of generalized inverse matrix. The first chapter, from the development process of generalized inverse, discussed all kinds of definition of generalized inverse determined by the Moore - Penrose equations. The second chapter discussed the definition and nature of dashes inverse A in generalized inverse as well as its application in compatible linear equations. The third chapter discussed the definition and calculation of the minimum norm inverse A in generalized inverse, as well as the Minimal Norm Solution of its compatible linear equations Ax = b.

前言从引进广义逆矩阵的定义着手，介绍了它的历史概况以及发展的背景及其意义；第一章从广义逆的发展历程讨论由Moore-Penrose方程确定的各种广义逆的定义；第二章讨论广义逆中的减号逆A 的定义及性质以及在相容线性方程组的应用；第三章讨论广义逆中的最小范数逆A 的定义及计算以及它与相容线性方程组Ax=b的极小范数解。

Newborn hiccup caused by the three, first, as a result of improper care, exopathic cold, cold and heat and tend to reverse the air, As the saying goes, is "drinking the air-conditioning" and induced hiccup; Second, as a result of improper eating milk, fresh milk, if not controlled , the plot is not stopped, or have milk or too cold food served cold medicines are not qi, spleen and stomach function, abnormal movements of Qi Wei Qi move上逆hiccup induced diaphragm; Third, as a result of eating too fast or scared crying after eating, can also be induced by temporary hiccup choke.

新生儿打嗝多由三方原因引起，一是由于护理不当，外感风寒，寒热之气逆而不顺，俗话说是&喝了冷气&而诱发打嗝；二是由于乳食不当，若乳食不节制，停积不化，或过食生冷奶水或过服寒凉药物则气滞不行，脾胃功能减弱，气机升降失常而使胃气上逆动膈而诱发打嗝；三是由于进食过急或惊哭之后进食，一时哽噎也可诱发打嗝。

In this paper, the feasibility of pile with high bearing capacity, such as post-grouting bored concrete pile, pedestal pile, huge pile and so on, used in top-down construction is studied. The construction speed increase of structure above ground i...

本文研究将高承载力的桩基，如桩端后注浆钻孔灌注桩、扩底桩、巨型桩等，在软土地区全逆作施工中应用的可行性；分别对于一柱一桩和一桩多桩两种逆作施工竖向承载体系，论证了高承载力的桩基的应用可以加快上部结构施工；总结了全逆作施工中的关键施工技术，如立柱的不均匀沉降、梁柱板墙的节点、一柱多桩的转换梁板等；提出了软土地区高层建筑全逆作施工总体方案制定应遵循的一些基本原则，如主楼群房的逆顺组合、全逆作的逆顺分界选择、挖土方式选择等。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。