适应性控制

From comparing with them,we can find that the nonlinear PID method which is presented by this paper, not only has the characteristic of high "robustness and adaptability" that nonlinear PID controller has,but also has higher corresponsive speed and shorter regulating time.

基于这种非线性PID，结合加热炉的特性，设计出了一种非线性PID控制器，并分别用普通PID、非线性PID对其控制，通过系统仿真比较发现，本文提出的非线性PID不仅具有高鲁棒性和适应性特点，同时使调节时间更短，响应速度更快。

From comparing with them,we can find that the nonlinear PID method which is presented by this paper, not only has the characteristic of high %26quot;robustness and adaptability%26quot; that nonlinear PID controller has,but also has higher corresponsive speed and shorter regulating time.

基于这种非线性PID，结合加热炉的特性，设计出了一种非线性PID控制器，并分别用普通PID、非线性PID对其控制，通过系统仿真比较发现，本文提出的非线性PID不仅具有高鲁棒性和适应性特点，同时使调节时间更短，响应速度更快。

Two kinds of manipulative methods are applied to heating furnace systems, they belong to classical PID ,nonlinear PID .From comparing with them,we can find that the nonlinear PID method which is presented by this paper, not only has the characteristic of high "robustness and adaptability" that nonlinear PID controller has,but also has higher corresponsive speed and shorter regulating time.

基于这种非线性PID，结合加热炉的特性，设计出了一种非线性PID控制器，并分别用普通PID、非线性PID对其控制，通过系统仿真比较发现，本文提出的非线性PID不仅具有高鲁棒性和适应性特点，同时使调节时间更短，响应速度更快。

Simulation results show that the proposed method has good parametric adaptability for plants with time varying param eters and long time delay.

仿真结果表明，该方案具有较强的参数适应性，对时变滞后对象具有良好的控制效果。

To fulfill the requirements of reliability, extensibility and adaptability, this dissertation proposes a Holon-based control architecture for flexible manufacturing shop floor using a bottom-up design approach. The inner structure of component Holon, the relationships of data and functions among Holons, the model of message transfer and the basic specification of communication language are described in detail. Then, from the aspect of software architecture, a formal description and analysis of the proposed architecture is conducted by First-order Polyadic pi-Calculus.

针对可靠性、可扩展性和适应性等要求，提出了基于Holon的柔性制造车间控制体系结构，描述了组件Holon的结构模型、数据和功能关系、信息传递模型和通信语言基本规范，并从软件体系结构的观点出发，运用π演算对其进行了形式化描述和分析，为基于Holon的体系结构设计和分析奠定基础；3。

In market aspect,MNEs have rigidity of market crowding out,can possess market rapidly and potentially,build the bulwark of market entering,while it also has absolute advantage of brands. At the same time,they also develop a pattern of value chain of vertical specialization,by which,Chinas enterprises may have a chance to get into MNEs global value chain and acquire market room. In industry aspect,while MNEs control the industry by stock property and the advantage of brands,they provide a chance of industrial transfer and industrial linkages. Chinas enterprises could strengthen industrial linkages and achieve industrial drive by technology innovation and agglomeration effect. In technology aspect,because of the nature of MNEs technology monopoly,Chinas enterprises must face the dilemma of technology dependence,technology unadaptability and technology trap. But MNEs may also transfer technology to Chinas enterprises by competition effect,demonstration effect and cooperation effect. Moreover,Chinas enterprises could make use of MNEs investment of "oligopolistic reaction"in China to accelerate technology transfer.

在市场层面，跨国公司对中国企业具有市场挤出的刚性，市场占有速度快、潜力大，构筑市场进入壁垒，具有绝对品牌优势，但也在中国形成垂直专业化分工的价值链模式，中国企业获得链入跨国公司全球价值链，获取自身市场空间的机会；在产业层面，跨国公司借助股权安排和品牌优势实施产业控制，但也提供了产业梯度转移和产业关联的契机，中国企业可以通过技术创新和聚集效应，增强产业关联，实现产业带动；在技术层面，跨国公司出于技术垄断本性，使中国企业面临技术依赖、技术非适应性甚至技术陷阱的困境，但也通过竞争效应、示范效应、合作效应对中国企业进行技术转移，中国企业还可以利用跨国公司在华&寡占反应&投资，加速技术转移。

This paper introduces the concepts of CSCW, describes the present state and discusses the problems to be solved, primarily focusing on human computer interaction, concurrency control and collaboration management. According to the research on cooperative characteristics of user actions in CSCW systems, this paper proposes a software architecture model of cooperative systems, Arbor. Its main contents include: Layered structure The Arbor model divides a cooperative system into five layers according to functional decomposition: device layer, concept layer, intention layer, cooperation layer, and computation layer. It deifies user actions and reifies the results of the actions to implement multi-level collaboration among multiple users. Multi-level collaboration obtains finegrained collaboration of the cooperative system and improves its collaboration efficiency.

本文首先介绍了计算机辅助协同工作的基本概念，着重从人机接口，并发控制和协同管理等功能方面介绍了协同系统的现状及其软件结构存在的问题，然后，基于对协同系统中用户动作的协同需求和协同特性的研究，针对目前协同软件系统存在的问题，提出了一种协同系统软件结构模型Arbor，它的主要内容包括：层次结构 Arbor模型从功能上将协同软件系统分为五层：设备层、概念层、意图层、协同层和计算层，它通过对用户动作的多层抽象和对动作结果的多层例化，实现多用户之间的多层次协同及感知，层次结构增强了系统的灵活性和适应性，方便了系统的开发，同时，多层次协同的方法获得了细粒度的协同感知，提高了协同效率。

The results of simulations show that this temperature control system is well adaptive to the alteration of the units load and meets the deigned requirements.

仿真试验表明，该主汽温控制方案具有良好的负荷适应性，满足系统设计要求。

Hot-Melt Laminating Machine is to laminate two or more different materialstogether through thermal radiation;meanwhile,apply appropriate pressure to make them become one composite.It has high adaptability and stability adn is widely used for laminating cloth leather,shoes soles and foaming sheets.lt use PE pellicle to replace glue which makes stronger effect and longer time for products stock,no discolouring,not easy to tear apart.This machine combines with the actiyator and automatic temperature circuit,which allows thick and thin laminating.accurate control of production quantity and quality,and is able to count amounts.Modern structure.stable performance,simple operation,low faulty rate and long operating life make it a fabulous machine

热熔复合机是通过热辐射对塑料、片材进行热熔贴合处理，把两种或两种以上不同材料相结合并施加一定压力使这复合成一体的加工机器，多用于服装皮革，鞋底鞋材，轻泡片材的复合加工，其优点用于PE薄膜替代胶水贴合，产品时间库存长，无变色迹象，不易撕开，贴合效果强于胶水几倍，具有广泛的适应性和稳定性，本机结合调速电机，自动温控电路，可方便准确的控制生产量和复合质量、可计数计码，是理想的复合设备，该机具有结构新颖，性能稳定，操作简单，故障率低，使用寿命长等诸多优点，我公司该产品设计有三种规格，用户可根据具体生产情况选购，如有需要可定做其它特殊规格的品种。

Night vision pilotage systems are used to assist helicopter pilots to realize taking off, landing and hedgehopping at night by providing the highdefinition and largearea images.

根据直升机驾驶员夜间飞行观察系统（NVPS的特点，对NVPS的环境适应性设计、光电传感器选取以及控制系统设计等问题进行仿真分析与计算。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。