退火的

The analysis gets the result: the two methods both make out the heteromorphism InSb nanocrystals, which have different crystal lattices. There are few In and Sb elementary substance grains mixed in the samples and the ratio of two kinds of chemical elements nears to 1:1. The crystal structure of the particle which is gained in vacuum evaporation method is affected by the crystal structure of substrate surface and anneal, the size of grain is direct proportion to evaporation time.

分析得到结果表明：两种方法均制备出了多晶态的InSb纳米微粒，但晶格结构不同，样品中都混有少量的In和Sb单质颗粒，且两种元素的比均接近1：1；真空蒸镀法得到的微粒的晶态受基片表面晶格和退火的影响，颗粒的尺寸与蒸镀时间成正比；而惰性气体中蒸发法得到的微粒结晶过程与基片无关，颗粒的尺寸与惰性气体的种类和压强有关。

The annealing velocity for 100 ℃ is higher than that for 25 ℃ at the same irradiation dose. The annealing degree of isochronal annealing is close to that of isothermal annealing at 100 ℃ for 168 h.

经相同总剂量辐照的器件，高温100 ℃下的退火速度远大于室温25 ℃下的退火速度。25～250 ℃下的等时退火，其退火程度接近168 h的100 ℃等温退火。

The relations about radiation sensitive parameters with isothermal annealing time and isochronal annealing temperature are given.

对CNMOS晶体管辐照后的等温、等时退火特性进行讨论，给出辐照敏感参数在等温、等时退火过程中随退火时间、退火温度的变化关系。

The lattice relaxation in the CVD diamond thick films were detected by the X-ray diffraction attachments. It is associated with self-annealing of diamond thick films in the process of long time deposition. The wearing discrepancy of diamond coated cuttings and diamond thick films brazed cuttings is well illustrated by means of lattice relaxation.

用X射线衍射仪的薄膜附件测试分析金刚石厚膜内的晶格松弛现象，发现沉积金刚石厚膜过程中存在高温自退火的作用，运用晶格松弛的观点很好地解释了金刚石薄膜涂层刀具与厚膜钎焊刀具的耐磨性能差异。

It has been found that annealing resulted in an increment of the ultimate tensile strength and the flow stress at given strains, while annealing in vacuum contributed much more for the increment than annealing in air.

在真空炉中退火的316不锈钢的表面氧化层分内、外两层，外层由均匀、致密的亚微细晶粒组成；而在空气炉中生成的氧化层结构复杂，和基体的结合强度非常低。

However, the value of magnetoresistance increased apparently after annealing and was 1.74 times the unannealed sample. XRD structural analysis shows that peak intensity of the annealed sample is greater than that of the unannealed one which demonstrated an increase of crystallinity.

实验结果表明：退火后样品的薄膜电阻率显著减小，是未退火样品薄膜电阻率的3.17分之一；而退火后磁电阻值则明显增加，是未退火时的1.74倍；XRD结构分析显示，退火后薄膜样品的峰值强度大于未退火样品的强度，说明样品结晶度增强。

The latter has only one PL band peaking at about 1.48eV,while the former is a double-band PL spectrum with peaks at both 1.48eV and 1.97eV.The electroluminescenceform the Au／scored Si-rich SiO2 film／p-Si sample is about 6 times in intensity of that of the Au／unscored one.

未刻划样品的PL谱只有一个峰，位于840nm(1.48eV)，而刻划样品的PL谱是双峰结构，峰位分别位于630nm(1.97eV)和840nm.800℃退火的刻划富硅二氧化硅/p-Si样品在背面蒸铝制成欧姆接触和正面蒸上半透明金电极后在正向偏压10V下的电致发光强度约为同样制备的未经刻划样品在同样测试条件下的EL强度的6倍。

With the intuitionistic understanding to the varieties of structure at differenttemperature in molecular dynamics simulation, molecular dynamics simulation, annealingsimulation and circumrotating guest method are used in search of the structure of thecomplex with the minimum energy.

在对不同温度条件下的分子动力学模拟过程中构象变化的情况进行直观的认识的基础上，研究了分子动力学模拟、建立在分子动力学模拟基础上的简单的模拟退火的方法和旋转客体的方法等三种方法在寻找主客体配合物最低能量构象方面的应用。

An annealing experiment and different annealing parameters show that the coercive force and MR of the spin-valve film respectively is 358.2 A/m and 9.24% before annealing, but they have increased to 3.18 A/m and 8.54% after annealings, which proves the numerical simulating method is conductive to the improvement of the annealing conditions.

介绍了不同退火参数下的模拟实验，结果显示退火前样品的的矫顽力为358.2 A/m、MR为9.24%，退火后其分别降到3.18 A/m和8.54%，表明数值模拟方法可以较好地拟合自旋阀薄膜的退火条件及实验结果，并有助于优化退火条件。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。