连接皮质的

These speculations have been going on for over a generation. As an example, we may cite Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934) who proposed that thought consisted of corticothalamic circulation of impulses. Penfield has suggested the existence of a centrencephalic integrating system, which he has definedas that central system within the brain stem which is responsible for integration of varied specific functions from different parts of the hemispheres.

这些特性已经有好几十年了，让我们引用Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934)提出的论点为例，他们认为思考是由皮质丘脑的刺激循环所造成，潘菲尔提出中央头部统合系统的存在，他把这个系统定义成脑干的中央系统，负责不同大脑半球中各种特殊功能的整合，潘菲尔的说法使得这个系统的定义更为松散，以潘菲尔的定义来说，这个系统包含所有皮质下的灰色神经组织和其间的连接通道，并负责大脑半球内部的整合。

"The hindbrain comprises the medulla oblongata and the pons, which connects the spinal cord with higher brain levels and transfers information from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum."

后脑由延髓和桥脑组成，连接脊髓和脑的高级部分，也包含将讯息从大脑皮质传到小脑的神经细胞。

"The hindbrain comprise s the medulla oblongata and the pons, which connects the spinal cord with higher brain levels and transfers information from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum."

后脑由延髓和桥脑组成，连接脊髓和脑的高级部分，也包含将讯息从大脑皮质传到小脑的神经细胞。

Or, in the more technical language of a paper by Beeman and others on the phenomenon,"Although all problem-solving relies on a largely shared cortical network, the sudden flash of insight occurs when solvers engage distinct neural and cognitive processes that allow them to see connections that previously eluded them."

或者，以Beeman等人更带有技术含量的话说：&虽然全部解决问题的行为都要依赖基本被共享的皮质网络，可是突然的灵感出现产生在当解决者从事不同的神经过程和认知过程时产生的。这样的过程可以让他们发现从前在躲避他们的那些连接&

Our practice is to remoe the endosteal side of the graft for two reasons: first, the thin endosteal portion proides a graft to be placed across from the cortical graft; second, the endosteal surface, being rather rough and irregular, should be remoed to ensure good contact of the graft with the host bone.

由于两个原因我们常规切除骨块的内骨膜面部分：其一是较窄的内骨膜面部分可以用作植骨架于皮质骨连接骨块；其二是由于内骨膜面租糙不规整，切除后能使植骨块与受区骨更好地接触。

We analytically study a simple network model that incorporates both orientation-selective input from the lateral geniculate nucleus and orientation-specific cortical interactions.

我们分析性的研讨简易的网络模型，得以从侧面膝状弯曲之细胞核将选择性方位的输入与明确方位之皮质互动加以连接。

Results①Compared to NC,PD patients showed decreased positive functionalconnectivity in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral posteriorcingulate cortex related to bilateral STR.In addition,left parietal posteriorcortex (including precuneus,inferior parietal lobule,supramarginal gyrus) showeddecreased positive functional connectivity with L-STR.

结果①PD患者与双侧STR正连接减弱的区域主要位于右侧前额叶背外侧部(dors-olateral prefrontal cortex，DLPFC)和双侧后扣带回皮质(posteriorcingulate cortex，PCC)，此外，左顶叶后部皮层(左侧楔前叶、顶下小叶、左侧缘上回)显示与L-STR正连接减弱。

Data were analyzed from photographs from optical microscopy and Computer Image Analysis.Results:Gene expression level of bcl-2mRNA (numeric density and concentration of bcl-2 immunopositive neurons) in layer Ⅲ of the ipsilateral visual cortex area 17 and the laminas receiving ipsilateral geniculate input from the strabismic and deprived eyes are significantly lower than the input from the untreated eyes.

MS1和MD1组幼猫实验眼同侧视皮质17区Ⅳ层及同侧外侧膝状体Al层神经元在视觉发育敏感期内，由于长期的斜视及形觉剥夺效应以致功能低下，对Bcl-2调节的敏感性降低，以及对NTs的营养保护及上调Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平应答能力降低，在双眼竞争的神经元发育及突触连接中处于劣势，使对侧眼形成优势循环。

The histological differentiation of the cerebral cortex and the cortico - thalamic fiber-connections have no clearly demonstrable language specify.

该组织分化的大脑皮质和皮质丘脑光纤连接没有明显的语言清楚地说明。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。