违约

The law as the adjustor of the social relation should have specific provision to the mental suffering compensation on default, especially in the contract law.

法律作为调整社会关系的调节器，理应对违约中的精神损害赔偿予以明确规定。从法律的功能角度考虑，我国合同法中应当明确规定对违约造成的精神损害予以赔偿。

Jeremy Badman, partner in the strategic IT and operations practice focusing on investment banks at Ol iver Wyman, highlights the problem that arose with credit default swaps, a mechanism used by banks to lay off risk that has turned into a market measured in trillions of dollars.

杰里米·巴德曼是奥纬咨询的合伙人，专注于投资银行的战略性IT和运维实践。他突出说明了信用违约调期衍生的问题，信用违约调期本来是银行解除风险的一种工具，现在它变成了上万亿美元的一个市场。

Jeremy Badman, partner in the strategic IT and operations practice 1）focusing on investment banks at Oliver Wyman, 2）highlights the problem that arose with credit default swaps, a mechanism used by banks to lay off risk that has turned into a market measured in trillions of dollars.

杰里米·巴德曼是奥纬咨询的合伙人，专注于投资银行的战略性IT和运维实践。他突出说明了信用违约调期衍生的问题，信用违约调期本来是银行解除风险的一种工具，现在它变成了上万亿美元的一个市场。

Has recommended investors to buy U.S. government bonds for 11 state "credit default swaps", under which the state government's gambling debt to default .

建议投资者购买美国11个州政府债券的&信用违约掉期&的，根据该州政府的赌博债务违约。

In addition, Fannie and Freddie have bought insurance against borrower defaults when the homebuyer lacks a 20% deposit.

另外，房利美和房地美为了避免借款人违约，在购房者的储蓄出现了20%缺口时购买了违约保险。

This paper describes the pricing of credit default swaps and credit default swaptions using market model with jumps.

本文以一个考虑跳跃的信用市场模型定价信用违约交换与信用违约交换选择权。

We also make two numerical illustrations to show the flexibility of this model: The first one is the calculation of default probability and the second one is the reproducing of implied volatility curve for credit default swaptions.

我们也提出两个数值的实例来显示本模型的弹性：第一个是违约机率的计算，第二个是信用违约交换选择权的隐含波动度曲线之重制。

We propose a jump-diffusion credit market model that treats the CDS spread as the major variable to value a credit default swaption, in which the jumps are modeled by the marked point processes as well as the compound Poisson processes.

本文提出一个跳跃扩散模型，将信用违约交换的价差当作主要变数来计算信用违约交换选择权的价格，其中跳跃的部份是以标点过程以及复合波式过程来描述。

No. Executives at the top of banks had to make some sacrifices in response to government pressure and public anger in 2009 John Mack, chairman of Morgan Stanley, gave up his bonus entirely for the third year in a row. Although the UK and French governments have imposed 50 per cent bonus supertaxes to cover payments for 2009, that will not be repeated.

不过，这些国家当中，没有一个会被迫出现债务违约，原因有二：第一，欧元区对它们施加的理顺公共财务的压力极大--若不照办，执迷不悟的国家及其领导层将被欧元区遗弃；第二，任何一个政府都不太可能被允许违约。

The value of the swaps rise and fall as market reassesses the risk that a company won't be able to honor its obligations.

信用违约掉期的价值会随着市场对借款方违约风险评估的不同而上下波动。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。